Herbert Samuel döneminde Filistin'e Yahudi Göçleri (1920-1925)

Yıl 2017, Sayı: 42, 1 - 18, 29.12.2017

Can Deveci

Öz

ÖZET

Yahudilerin, bir
ülkeden Filistin’e yerleşmek için düzenledikleri göçlere yükseliş anlamına
gelen “Aliyah” denilmektedir. Osmanlı Devleti, politik bir hedefleri olmadığı
sürece Yahudilerin Filistin'e ve diğer topraklara yerleşmesini engellememiştir.
Fakat 1882’den itibaren Aliyah’lar Filistin’de bir politik ideali
gerçekleştirmek üzere düzenlenmeye başlanmıştır. Bu durum Osmanlı Devleti'nin
Filistin'e 1882-1917 arasında yapılan Yahudi göçlerini illegal ilan etmesiyle
neticelenmiştir. Birinci Dünya Savaşı koşulları nedeniyle Yahudi göçleri
duraksamaya girmiş ve Filistin'de 1917-1920 arasında süren İngiliz Askeri
Yönetimi başlamıştır. 1 Temmuz 1920’den itibaren ise Filistin'de İngiliz Sivil
Yönetimi başlarken Sir Herbert Samuel Filistin'e Yüksek Komiser olarak
atanmıştır. Bu tarihten itibaren Sir Herbert Samuel’in, Siyonistlere verdiği
destek ile Filistin’e düzenlenen Yahudi göçleri legal hale gelmiştir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Filistin, Yahudi Göçleri, Siyonizm, Herbert Samuel

Kaynakça

• Kaynakça Arşiv Belgeleri
• FO/373/7/36, Zionism, 1919.
• FO/141/742: E/7350/35/88, Sir Herbert Samuel’s Speech delivered at Jerusalem, 3 June 1921.
• CMD. 1499, Interim Report on the Civil Administration of Palestine during the year ended 30th June 1921,His Majesty Staionary Office, London, 1921.
• CMD. 1540, Report of the Commission of Enquiry into the disturbances in Palestine in May 1921 with correspondence relating thereto (Disturbances), His Majesty’s Stationery Office, London, 1921.
• CMD. 3686, Report on Immigration, Land Settlement and Development, London, 1930.
• CMD. 1700 Document No.9, The Secretary of State for the Colonies to the Officer Administering the Government of Palestine, 29 Haziran 1922.
• CMD. 5479, Palestine Royal Commıssıon Report, Printed & published by His Majesty’s Stationery Office (HMSO), London, 1937
• Government of Palestine Report Colonial No 20, Report on Palestine Administration 1925, Printed & published by His Majesty’s Stationery Office (HMSO), London, 1926 Government of Palestine Report, Report on Palestine Administration 1922, Printed & Published by His Majesty’s Stationery Office (HMSO), London, 1923.
• Government of Palestine Report, Report on Palestine Administration 1923, Printed & Published by His Majesty’s Stationery Office (HMSO), London, 1924.
• Government of Palestine Report, Report on Palestine Administration 1924, Printed & Published by His Majesty’s Stationery Office (HMSO), London, 1925.
• Government of Palestine Report, Report on Palestine Administration 1925, Printed & Published by His Majesty’s Stationery Office (HMSO), London, 1926.
• Kitaplar
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• Huneidi, S.(2001).A Broken Trust Herbert Samuel, Zionism and the Palestinians 1920-1925. London: I.B.Tauris
• Hurewitz, J.C.(1956). Diplomacy in The Near and Middle East A Documentary Record 1535-1956, Newyork: Archive Editions Vol. 1
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• Royal Instıtute Of Internatıonal Affaırs. (1946). Great Britain And Palestine Information Papers No. 20 1915-1945. Oxford: Oxford University
• Sachar, H. M.(1989). A History Of Israel. Newyork: Alfred
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• Shaw, S.J.(2008).Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nda ve Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nde Yahudiler. Meriç Sobutay(Çev.) İstanbul: Kapı
• Tessler, M.(1994). A History of the İsraeli-Palestinian Conflict. Usa: Indiana University
• Wasserstein, B.(1991). The British in Palestine The Mandatory Government and the Arab-Jewish Conflict 1917-1929. London: Basil
• Makaleler
• Ettinger, S, Bartal. İ, (1996). The First Aliyah: İdelogical Roots and Practical Accomplishment. Jehuda Reinharz and Anita Shapira (Ed.). Essentıal Papers on Zionism. London: Cassel, ss. 63-94
• Zipperstein, S.J. (1996). Representations of Leadership in Russian Picturing Leon Pinsker. Jehuda Reinharz and Anita Shapira (Ed.). Essentıal Papers on Zionism. London: Cassel, ss. 191-210
• Mandel, N. J.(1974). Ottoman Policy and Restrictions on Jewish Settlement in Palestine 1881-1908. Middle Eastern Studies. Vol. 10. No. 3. s. 312-332 Murphy, E.C. (2011), Siyonizm ve Filistin sorunu. Youssef. M. C. (Ed.).Ortadoğu Tarihi. Fethi Aytuna. (Çev.). İstanbul: İnkılap