İnceleme Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Artificial Intelligence and Psychological Counselling

Yıl 2025, Sayı: 64, 177 - 198, 31.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.35237/suitder.1632934

Öz

The aim of this study is to examine the reliability and effectiveness of individuals regarding the skills of an artificial intelligence-supported psychological counsellor. It was aimed to examine the perceptions of the respondents to the questions of how much artificial intelligence can perform the psychological counselling profession and whether it can reveal the skills required for this. New studies in the field of artificial intelligence, which is still limited research, and its adaptation to developments in the field of psychology need a more detailed observation. The study group in the research consists of students of the Department of Psychological Counselling and Guidance at Erciyes University. The design of the research was made within the framework of phenomenology used in qualitative research. Again, it was carried out with the typical case sampling method of purposeful sampling, which is one of the samples frequently used in qualitative research. Thus, five questions were written to measure the perceptions of artificial intelligence towards psychological counselling skills. These questions were collected through a semi-structured interview. It was concluded that a significant portion of the participants were of the opinion that artificial intelligence cannot do psychological counselling. A very small number of participants stated that they had a positive perspective that they would see artificial intelligence and psychological counselling in the same frame. In the findings, perceptions about the reliability and effectiveness of artificial intelligence emerged with various differences of opinion.

Kaynakça

  • Banerjee, P., Sindhu, B. D., & Sindhu, S. (2024). Exploring the intersections of AI (Artificial Intelligence) in psychology and astrology: A conceptual inquiry for human well-being. Journal of Psychology and Clinical Psychiatry, 15(1), 75-77. https://doi.org/10.15406/jpcpy.2024.15.00761
  • Bankins, S., Ocampo, A. C., Marrone, M., Restubog, S. L. D., & Woo, S. E. (2024). A multilevel review of artificial intelligence in organizations: Implications for organizational behavior research and practice. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 45(2), 159-182. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2735
  • Başaran, R., & Özenç, Y. Y. (2024). Bilimsel araştırma sürecinde yapay zekâ araçlarının kullanımı. Uluslararası Eğitimde Mükemmellik Arayışı Dergisi (UEMAD), 4(1), 35-53.
  • Berry, D. M. (2023). The limits of computation: Joseph Weizenbaum and the ELIZA chatbot. Weizenbaum Journal of the Digital Society, 3(3). https://doi.org/10.34669/WI.WJDS/3.3.2 .
  • Büyükyaprak, B. (2021, January 13). Bilgisayar içindeki terapist: ELIZA. Robocognition. Retrieved from https://robocognition.net/bilgisayar-icindeki-terapist-eliza/
  • Canel, A. N. (2020). Yapay zeka uygulamaları ve psikolojik danışma. In Ş. G. Zeren (Ed.), Psikolojik Danışmada Yeni Açılımlar ve Çevrimiçi Psikolojik Danışma Uygulayıcılar İçin El Kitabı (ss. 164-178). Pegem Akademi.
  • Canpolat, M. (2021). Psikolojik danışmanlık ve rehberlikte yapay zekâ kullanılabilirliği üzerine bir araştırma. Milli Eğitim Özel Eğitim ve Rehberlik Dergisi, 1(1), 1-25.
  • Dellot, B., & Wallace-Stephens, F. (2017). The age of automation: Artificial Intelligence, robotics and the future of low-skilled work. London: RSA.
  • Derin, G., & Öztürk, E. (2020). Yapay zeka psikolojisi ve sanal gerçeklik uygulamaları. In E. Öztürk (Ed.), Siber Psikoloji (1st ed., ss. 41-47). Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri.
  • Erlin, A., Putri, H., & Andesfi, R. (2024). AI benefits in mental health counseling. BICC Proceedings, 2, 170-175. https://doi.org/10.30983/bicc.v1i1.92
  • Fiske, A., Henningsen, P., & Buyx, A. (2019). Your robot therapist will see you now: Ethical implications of embodied artificial intelligence in psychiatry, psychology, and psychotherapy. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 21(5), e13216. https://doi.org/10.2196/13216
  • Fulmer, R. (2019). Artificial intelligence and counseling: Four levels of implementation. Theory & Psychology, 29(6), 807-819. https://doi.org/10.1177/0959354319873199
  • Gams, M., Gu, I. Y. H., Härmä, A., Muñoz, A., & Tam, V. (2019). Artificial intelligence and ambient intelligence. Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments, 11(1), 71-86. https://doi.org/10.3233/AIS-180508
  • Gao, Y. (2024). The impact and application of artificial intelligence technology on mental health counseling services for college students. Journal of Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.3233/JCM-247358
  • Gyaneshwar, A., Punugoti, H., Chaubey, D., Raj, A., Gupta, L., Goel, M., ... & Chadha, U. (2024). Mental health counseling & therapy via artificial intelligence-enabled approaches. Authorea Preprints. https://doi.org/10.36227/techrxiv.172597878.81384808/v1
  • Hu, W., Bao, X., Luo, H., Xu, X., Ou, X., & Huang, Q. (2024). A survey of the current status of artificial intelligence counseling to alleviate psychological anxiety among medical interns. In 2024 5th International Conference on Mental Health, Education and Human Development (MHEHD 2024) (pp. 404-411). Atlantis Press. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-38476-271-2_50
  • Hernandez, A., Lewis, C., & Park, J. (2023). Evaluating AI-based therapy support systems: A randomized controlled trial of Eleos Health. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 25, e46781. https://www.jmir.org/2023/1/e46781
  • Husserl, E. (1970). The crisis of European science and transcendental phenomenology. IL: Northwestern University Press.
  • Hunt, E. B. (2014). Artificial intelligence. Academic Press.
  • Jiang, Y., Li, X., Luo, H., Yin, S., & Kaynak, O. (2022). Quo vadis artificial intelligence? Discover Artificial Intelligence, 2(1), 4. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44163-022-00022-8
  • James, R., & Morgan, T. (2025). Artificial intelligence and therapeutic engagement: Results from a real-world evaluation of Limbic Care in digital CBT programs. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 27, e60435. https://doi.org/10.2196/60435
  • Kabacan, D. (2020, October 7). Terapiye AI Yaklaşımı; Online Terapi Veren 4 Chatbot. Yapayzekatr. Retrieved from https://www.yapayzekatr.com/2020/10/07/terapiye-ai-yaklasimi-online-terapi-veren-4-chatbot/
  • Liu, L., & Liu, Y. (2022, January). A research on online counseling platform based on the artificial intelligence technology. In 2022 2nd International Conference on Bioinformatics and Intelligent Computing (pp. 110-113). https://doi.org/10.1145/3523286.3524526
  • Li, Y., Deng, K., & Chen, X. (2020, October). The application of artificial intelligence in psychological counseling based on "Treat Pre-Disease". In Proceedings of the 2020 Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Healthcare (pp. 72-78). https://doi.org/10.1145/3433996.3434010
  • Meydan, B. (2010). Psikolojik danışman adaylarının içerik yansıtma ve duygu yansıtma becerilerine ilişkin yeterlik düzeylerinin incelenmesi. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 30(4), 1-15.
  • Ningrum, C. A., & Ramansyah, F. I. (2024). The influence artificial intelligence on mental health in the digital era and virtual counseling services. BICC Proceedings, 2, 176-182. https://doi.org/10.30983/bicc.v1i1.124 .
  • OECD. (2023). OECD employment outlook 2023: Artificial intelligence and the labour market. OECD Publishing. https://www.oecd.org/employment-outlook/2023
  • Özdoğan, H. K., & Özdemir, N. K. (2023). 21. yüzyılda kariyer psikolojik danışmanlığı ve yapay zekâ uygulamaları. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Buca Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 57, 2127-2152. https://doi.org/10.53444/deubefd.1326692 .
  • Ping, Y. (2024). Experience in psychological counseling supported by artificial intelligence technology. Technology and Health Care. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.3233/THC-230809
  • Resume Now. (2025, May 12). AI disruption report: Job seekers and workers fear automation more than ever. https://www.resume-now.com/job-resources/careers/ai-disruption-report
  • Robinson, B. (2025, February 9). Fears about AI job loss: New study answers if they’re justified. Forbes. https://www.forbes.com/sites/bryanrobinson/2025/02/09/fears-about-ai-job-loss-new-study-answers-if-theyre-justified
  • Rogers, C. R. (1957). The necessary and sufficient conditions of therapeutic personality change. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 21(2), 95–103. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0045357
  • Stewart, H. (2015). Almost half of all us workers are at risk of losing their jobs to robots. https://www.businessinsider.com/almost-half-of-all-us-workers-could-lose-their-jobs-to-robots-2015-11
  • Su, G. (2018). Nemployment in the AI Age. AI Matters, 3(4), 35-43. https://doi.org/10.1145/3175502.3175511
  • Şahan, H. ve Uyangör, N. (2022). Bilimsel Araştırmalarda Örneklem Seçimi. M. Çelebi (Ed.), Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri (2. Baskı, ss. 118-143) içinde. Pegem Akademi.
  • Szolovits, P. (2019). Artificial intelligence and medicine. In Artificial intelligence in medicine (pp. 1-19). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429052071-1
  • Yıldırım, N. H., & Çolak, T. S. (2024). Terapide Sanal Gerçeklik Uygulamalarının Etkililiği: Bir Meta-Analiz Çalışması. AYNA Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi, 11(3), 466–489. https://doi.org/10.31682/ayna.1208024 .
  • Yıldırım, A., & Şimşek, H. (2008). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri. Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Wang, P. (2019). On defining artificial intelligence. Journal of Artificial General Intelligence, 10(2), 1-37. https://doi.org/10.2478/jagi-2019-0002 .
  • Zhou, S., Zhao, J., & Zhang, L. (2022). Application of artificial intelligence on psychological interventions and diagnosis: An overview. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 13, 811665. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.811665 .

Yapay Zekânın Psikolojik Danışmanlıkta Kullanımı Üzerine Nitel Bir Çalışma

Yıl 2025, Sayı: 64, 177 - 198, 31.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.35237/suitder.1632934

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı bir yapay zekâ destekli psikolojik danışmanın becerilerine yönelik bireylerin yapay zekaya ilişkin güvenirliğini ve etkililiğini incelemektir. Yapay zekanın ne kadar psikolojik danışmanlık mesleğini icra edebileceği ve bunun için gerekli olan becerileri ortaya kayabilir mi sorularına cevaplayanların algıları incelemek istenmiştir. Henüz kısıtlı araştırmalar olan yapay zekâ alanına yeni çalışmalar ve psikoloji alanındaki gelişmelere adaptasyonu daha ayrıntılı bir gözleme ihtiyaç duymaktadır. Araştırmada çalışma grubu Erciyes Üniversitesi’nin Psikolojik Danışmanlık ve Rehberlik bölümü öğrencilerinden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmanın deseni nitel araştırmalarda kullanılan olgubilimi çerçevesinde yapılmıştır. Yine nitel araştırmalarda sıklıkla kullanılan örneklemden olan amaçlı örneklemin tipik durum örneklemesi yöntemiyle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Böylece yapay zekanın psikolojik danışmanlık becerilerine yönelik algılarını ölçmek için beş adet soru yazılmıştır. Bu sorular yarı yapılandırılmış bir görüşmeyle veriler toplanmıştır. Katılımcıların önemli bir kısmının psikolojik danışmanlığı yapay zekanın yapamayacağı görüşünde olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Katılımcılardan çok az bir kısım ise yapay zeka ve psikolojik danışmanlığı aynı karede göreceklerine dair olumlu bakış açıları olduğunu ifade etmişkerdir. Bulgularda çeşitli görüş farklılıklarıyla yapay zekanın güvenirliğine ve etkililiğine yönelik algılar ortaya çıkmıştır.

Kaynakça

  • Banerjee, P., Sindhu, B. D., & Sindhu, S. (2024). Exploring the intersections of AI (Artificial Intelligence) in psychology and astrology: A conceptual inquiry for human well-being. Journal of Psychology and Clinical Psychiatry, 15(1), 75-77. https://doi.org/10.15406/jpcpy.2024.15.00761
  • Bankins, S., Ocampo, A. C., Marrone, M., Restubog, S. L. D., & Woo, S. E. (2024). A multilevel review of artificial intelligence in organizations: Implications for organizational behavior research and practice. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 45(2), 159-182. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2735
  • Başaran, R., & Özenç, Y. Y. (2024). Bilimsel araştırma sürecinde yapay zekâ araçlarının kullanımı. Uluslararası Eğitimde Mükemmellik Arayışı Dergisi (UEMAD), 4(1), 35-53.
  • Berry, D. M. (2023). The limits of computation: Joseph Weizenbaum and the ELIZA chatbot. Weizenbaum Journal of the Digital Society, 3(3). https://doi.org/10.34669/WI.WJDS/3.3.2 .
  • Büyükyaprak, B. (2021, January 13). Bilgisayar içindeki terapist: ELIZA. Robocognition. Retrieved from https://robocognition.net/bilgisayar-icindeki-terapist-eliza/
  • Canel, A. N. (2020). Yapay zeka uygulamaları ve psikolojik danışma. In Ş. G. Zeren (Ed.), Psikolojik Danışmada Yeni Açılımlar ve Çevrimiçi Psikolojik Danışma Uygulayıcılar İçin El Kitabı (ss. 164-178). Pegem Akademi.
  • Canpolat, M. (2021). Psikolojik danışmanlık ve rehberlikte yapay zekâ kullanılabilirliği üzerine bir araştırma. Milli Eğitim Özel Eğitim ve Rehberlik Dergisi, 1(1), 1-25.
  • Dellot, B., & Wallace-Stephens, F. (2017). The age of automation: Artificial Intelligence, robotics and the future of low-skilled work. London: RSA.
  • Derin, G., & Öztürk, E. (2020). Yapay zeka psikolojisi ve sanal gerçeklik uygulamaları. In E. Öztürk (Ed.), Siber Psikoloji (1st ed., ss. 41-47). Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri.
  • Erlin, A., Putri, H., & Andesfi, R. (2024). AI benefits in mental health counseling. BICC Proceedings, 2, 170-175. https://doi.org/10.30983/bicc.v1i1.92
  • Fiske, A., Henningsen, P., & Buyx, A. (2019). Your robot therapist will see you now: Ethical implications of embodied artificial intelligence in psychiatry, psychology, and psychotherapy. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 21(5), e13216. https://doi.org/10.2196/13216
  • Fulmer, R. (2019). Artificial intelligence and counseling: Four levels of implementation. Theory & Psychology, 29(6), 807-819. https://doi.org/10.1177/0959354319873199
  • Gams, M., Gu, I. Y. H., Härmä, A., Muñoz, A., & Tam, V. (2019). Artificial intelligence and ambient intelligence. Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments, 11(1), 71-86. https://doi.org/10.3233/AIS-180508
  • Gao, Y. (2024). The impact and application of artificial intelligence technology on mental health counseling services for college students. Journal of Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.3233/JCM-247358
  • Gyaneshwar, A., Punugoti, H., Chaubey, D., Raj, A., Gupta, L., Goel, M., ... & Chadha, U. (2024). Mental health counseling & therapy via artificial intelligence-enabled approaches. Authorea Preprints. https://doi.org/10.36227/techrxiv.172597878.81384808/v1
  • Hu, W., Bao, X., Luo, H., Xu, X., Ou, X., & Huang, Q. (2024). A survey of the current status of artificial intelligence counseling to alleviate psychological anxiety among medical interns. In 2024 5th International Conference on Mental Health, Education and Human Development (MHEHD 2024) (pp. 404-411). Atlantis Press. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-38476-271-2_50
  • Hernandez, A., Lewis, C., & Park, J. (2023). Evaluating AI-based therapy support systems: A randomized controlled trial of Eleos Health. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 25, e46781. https://www.jmir.org/2023/1/e46781
  • Husserl, E. (1970). The crisis of European science and transcendental phenomenology. IL: Northwestern University Press.
  • Hunt, E. B. (2014). Artificial intelligence. Academic Press.
  • Jiang, Y., Li, X., Luo, H., Yin, S., & Kaynak, O. (2022). Quo vadis artificial intelligence? Discover Artificial Intelligence, 2(1), 4. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44163-022-00022-8
  • James, R., & Morgan, T. (2025). Artificial intelligence and therapeutic engagement: Results from a real-world evaluation of Limbic Care in digital CBT programs. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 27, e60435. https://doi.org/10.2196/60435
  • Kabacan, D. (2020, October 7). Terapiye AI Yaklaşımı; Online Terapi Veren 4 Chatbot. Yapayzekatr. Retrieved from https://www.yapayzekatr.com/2020/10/07/terapiye-ai-yaklasimi-online-terapi-veren-4-chatbot/
  • Liu, L., & Liu, Y. (2022, January). A research on online counseling platform based on the artificial intelligence technology. In 2022 2nd International Conference on Bioinformatics and Intelligent Computing (pp. 110-113). https://doi.org/10.1145/3523286.3524526
  • Li, Y., Deng, K., & Chen, X. (2020, October). The application of artificial intelligence in psychological counseling based on "Treat Pre-Disease". In Proceedings of the 2020 Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Healthcare (pp. 72-78). https://doi.org/10.1145/3433996.3434010
  • Meydan, B. (2010). Psikolojik danışman adaylarının içerik yansıtma ve duygu yansıtma becerilerine ilişkin yeterlik düzeylerinin incelenmesi. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 30(4), 1-15.
  • Ningrum, C. A., & Ramansyah, F. I. (2024). The influence artificial intelligence on mental health in the digital era and virtual counseling services. BICC Proceedings, 2, 176-182. https://doi.org/10.30983/bicc.v1i1.124 .
  • OECD. (2023). OECD employment outlook 2023: Artificial intelligence and the labour market. OECD Publishing. https://www.oecd.org/employment-outlook/2023
  • Özdoğan, H. K., & Özdemir, N. K. (2023). 21. yüzyılda kariyer psikolojik danışmanlığı ve yapay zekâ uygulamaları. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Buca Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 57, 2127-2152. https://doi.org/10.53444/deubefd.1326692 .
  • Ping, Y. (2024). Experience in psychological counseling supported by artificial intelligence technology. Technology and Health Care. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.3233/THC-230809
  • Resume Now. (2025, May 12). AI disruption report: Job seekers and workers fear automation more than ever. https://www.resume-now.com/job-resources/careers/ai-disruption-report
  • Robinson, B. (2025, February 9). Fears about AI job loss: New study answers if they’re justified. Forbes. https://www.forbes.com/sites/bryanrobinson/2025/02/09/fears-about-ai-job-loss-new-study-answers-if-theyre-justified
  • Rogers, C. R. (1957). The necessary and sufficient conditions of therapeutic personality change. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 21(2), 95–103. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0045357
  • Stewart, H. (2015). Almost half of all us workers are at risk of losing their jobs to robots. https://www.businessinsider.com/almost-half-of-all-us-workers-could-lose-their-jobs-to-robots-2015-11
  • Su, G. (2018). Nemployment in the AI Age. AI Matters, 3(4), 35-43. https://doi.org/10.1145/3175502.3175511
  • Şahan, H. ve Uyangör, N. (2022). Bilimsel Araştırmalarda Örneklem Seçimi. M. Çelebi (Ed.), Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri (2. Baskı, ss. 118-143) içinde. Pegem Akademi.
  • Szolovits, P. (2019). Artificial intelligence and medicine. In Artificial intelligence in medicine (pp. 1-19). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429052071-1
  • Yıldırım, N. H., & Çolak, T. S. (2024). Terapide Sanal Gerçeklik Uygulamalarının Etkililiği: Bir Meta-Analiz Çalışması. AYNA Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi, 11(3), 466–489. https://doi.org/10.31682/ayna.1208024 .
  • Yıldırım, A., & Şimşek, H. (2008). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri. Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Wang, P. (2019). On defining artificial intelligence. Journal of Artificial General Intelligence, 10(2), 1-37. https://doi.org/10.2478/jagi-2019-0002 .
  • Zhou, S., Zhao, J., & Zhang, L. (2022). Application of artificial intelligence on psychological interventions and diagnosis: An overview. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 13, 811665. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.811665 .
Toplam 40 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Uygulamalı ve Gelişimsel Psikoloji (Diğer)
Bölüm İnceleme Makalesi
Yazarlar

Gülgün Uzun 0000-0003-2421-7725

Abdulkadir Yaman 0009-0002-6159-2612

Abdullah Ensar Uzun 0000-0001-7809-4789

Ayşe Yılmaz 0009-0009-0337-9275

Gönderilme Tarihi 4 Şubat 2025
Kabul Tarihi 5 Ağustos 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Sayı: 64

Kaynak Göster

APA Uzun, G., Yaman, A., Uzun, A. E., Yılmaz, A. (2025). Yapay Zekânın Psikolojik Danışmanlıkta Kullanımı Üzerine Nitel Bir Çalışma. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Dergisi(64), 177-198. https://doi.org/10.35237/suitder.1632934