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Analysis of Social Aid in Turkey During the Covid-19 Epidemic

Yıl 2022, , 126 - 138, 01.11.2022
https://doi.org/10.58239/tamde.2022.02.003.x

Öz

The Covid-19 epidemic started in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, and was accepted as an epidemic disease by the World Health Organization in January 2020 and was declared a pandemic on March 11th, 2011. Since the beginning of the epidemic, it has caused enormous social and economic losses, and its impacts are still continuing. Due to Covid-19, approximately 6 million people worldwide and a hundred thousand people in Turkey have died so far. Many solutions have been tried to be produced in the world and in Turkey in order to reduce the social and economic effect of Covid-19, which causes enormous social and economic losses, on societies.

Undoubtedly, the economic and social assistance to be provided by the states and other non-governmental organizations during disasters such as Covid-19 is important and necessary in terms of preventing the negativities experienced. Turkey, as the rest of the world, the government has tried to take measures to reduce the economic and social losses of Covid-19 and to fight the epidemic.

In order to reduce the effects of Covid-19, it is important to examine the aid provided in Turkey and to investigate its social and economic effects in terms of being prepared for similar disasters that may occur in the future. In this article, by obtaining the amounts and the qualifications of aids provided by the private sector and public institutions whether they are adequate or not has been examined and evaluated. As a result, it has been evaluated that the Covid-19 epidemic process is managed in a controlled manner due to the adequacy of health personnel and health institutions and also vaccine applications are successful; social and economic aids are provided, but the economic aid is not sufficient compared to the aid provided by developed countries.

Kaynakça

  • American Rescue Plan, (2021), https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp- content/uploads/2021/ 03/ American-Rescue-Plan-Fact-Sheet.pdf
  • Anadolu Agency (AA), (2020, December 20), Gündem, https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/turkiye/prof-dr-temizel-kovid-19-surecinde-turkiyenin-yaptigi-insani-yardimlar-buyuk-takdir-gordu/2092516
  • Bayraktutan, Y., & Solmaz, A. R. (2022). Türkiye’de Covid-19 Salgını: İktisadi Önlemler ve Kısa Dönem Sonuçlar Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme. in A. Çelik, Covid-19 Sürecinde Türkiye’de Sosyal Politika (p. 38-39).
  • BBC News Turkish, (28 April 2021). “Tam kapanma: Covid salgınında ülkeler vatandaşlarına nasıl ve ne kadar ekonomik yardımda bulunuyor?”, https://www.bbc.com/turkce/haberler-turkiye-56907130
  • BBC News Turkish, (28 Mayıs 2020). “Koranavirüs: Hangi ülkelerde ne tür ekonomik paketleri açıklandı?”, https://www.bbc.com/turkce/haberler-dunya-52828167
  • Bozkurt, Y., Zeybek, Z., ve Aşkın, R. (2020), “Covid-19 Pandemisi: Psikolojik Etkileri ve Terapötik Müdahaleler”, Istanbul Commerce University Journal of Social Sciences. 19 (37), 304-318.
  • Briggs, D., Telford, L., Lloyd A., Allis A., and Kotze, J. (2021), Social Harm in the Covid-19 Era, Palgrave Machmillan, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-88825-1
  • Çılgın, T. (2022). “Socio-Economic Support Policies Implemented by Welfare States in the Covid-19 Process: Examples of Germany, the United States, Denmark and Sweden”, Hacettepe University Journal of Social Sciences, 4 (1), p.13-14.
  • Çimen, H. (2021). “Rethinking the Importance of Social Assistance in Turkey During the Pandemic (Covid 19) that Shook the World” Journal of Anadolu University Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, 22(2), p.15-38.
  • Congressional Research Service (CRS), (2021, November 10), Economic Effects of COVID-19, https://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_The_Global_Risks_Report_2021.pdf
  • DİSK General Bussiness, (2020, May), Covid-19 Report and Social Protection Report, Ankara https://www.raporlar.org/covid-19-salgini-ve-sosyal-koruma- raporu-disk/
  • Eroğlu, G. (2020). “An Overview of Aid Services and Practices in Turkey in the Fight Against Covid-19” City and Civilization Magazine, p.567.
  • International Monetary Fund (IMF), (2021, October), World Economic Outlook İnternational Monetary Fund Recovery During a Pandemic Health Concerns, Supply Disruptions, and Price Pressure p.7.
  • Official newspaper (22 March 2020). Decision on Suspension of Execution and Bankruptcy Proceedings, 31076.
  • Presidency of the Republic of Turkey (TCCB) (2020), “We Will Start the Return to Normal Life Gradually”, E-News, https://www.tccb.gov.tr/haberler/410/119206/-normal-hayata-donusu-kademe-kademe-baslatacagiz-
  • Republic of Turkey Ministry of Family and Social Services, (02 January 2021), Social Protection Shield Turkey General, https://twitter.com/tcailesosyal/status/1382774243042209794
  • Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health, (2021, Mart 11), Minister Koca Evaluated Turkey's 1-Year Fight Against Kovid-19, https://www.saglik.gov.tr/TR,80604/bakan-koca-turkiyenin-kovid-19la-1-yillik-mucadele-surecini-degerlendirdi.html
  • Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health, (2022, Mayıs 11), Covid-19 Information Platform, https://covid19.saglik.gov.tr/
  • Republic of Turkey Ministry of Interior, (2022, February 11), Our Minister Mr. Süleyman Soylu Participated in the 112 Emergency Call Centers Training Program in Antalya, https://www.icisleri.gov.tr/bakanimiz-sn-suleyman-soylu-antalyada-duzenlenen-112-acil-cagri-merkezleri-egitim-programina-katildi Erişim: 13 May 2022
  • Sariipek, D.B. (2021). Covid-19 ve Sosyal Koruma: Temel Gelir Ekseninde Bir Değerlendirme. Çelik Abdülhalim, (Ed.) Covid-19 Sürecinde Türkiye’de Sosyal Politika. Ankara: Orion, p.108.
  • Şenkal A. (2021b). Yoksulluğun Politik Ekonomisi. Nobel.
  • Şenkal, A. (2021a). Küresel Sağlık Krizinden Sosyal Politika Krizine: Covid-19 salgını ve Sosyal Politika. Çelik Abdülhalim, (Ed.) Covid-19 Sürecinde Türkiye’de Sosyal Politika. p.79. Orion.
  • Soylu, B. (2020). “Türkiye Ekonomisinde Covıd-19’un Sektörel Etkileri” Eurasian Journal of Social and Economic Studies, 7(5), p.169-185.
  • Turhan, A., Hamza Çelikyay, H. (2020), “Fighting Covid-19 in Turkey: Policies and Actors”, International Journal of Management and Academy, 3 (1), p.1-25.
  • Turkish Cooperation and Coordination Agency (TİKA) (2020), Annual Report 2020, Ankara, 2020.
  • Turkish Cooperation and Coordination Agency (TİKA) (2021), 2021 Administrative Activity Report, Ankara, 2022.
  • Turkish Red Crescent (06 Nisan 2020b), Red Crescent Branches Reached Hundreds of Thousands of Needy People, https://www.kizilay.org.tr/Haber/HaberDetay/
  • Turkish Red Crescent (24 March 2020a), Great Support from Red Crescent to Fight Against Coronavirus, https://www.kizilay.org.tr/Haber/HaberDetay/5042
  • United Nation Development Program (UNDP), (31 March 2020b), Survey on Impact of COVID-19 on Enterprises and Needs, https://www.undp.org/coronavirus/socio-economic-impact-covid-19
  • Urhan, G., Arslankoç, S. (2021), “Social Policy and Local Administrations in the Covid-19 Process: The Case of Istanbul District Municipalities”, Journal of Labor and Society, 2 (69), p.945-980 https://acikerisim.istinye.edu.tr/xmlui/handle/20.500.12713/1738
  • World Economic Form (WEF), (2021), The Global Risks Report 2021 16th Edition, https://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_The_Global_Risks_Report_202 1.pdf
  • World Health Organization (WHO), (2022, May 11), WHO Coranavirus (COVİD-19) Dashboard, https://covid19.who.int/

Covid-19 Salgını Sürecinde Türkiye’de Sosyal Yardımların Analizi

Yıl 2022, , 126 - 138, 01.11.2022
https://doi.org/10.58239/tamde.2022.02.003.x

Öz

Covid-19 salgını Çin’in Wuhan kentinde Aralık 2019’da başlamış Ocak 2020’de Dünya Sağlık Örgütü tarafından salgın bir hastalık olduğu kabul edilmiş ve 11 Mart 2011’de pandemi olarak açıklanmıştır. Salgın’ın başlangıcından bugüne kadar çok büyük sosyal ve ekonomik kayıplara neden olmuştur ve zararları halihazırda devam etmektedir. Covid-19 nedeniyle Dünya genelinde bugüne kadar yaklaşık 6 milyon kişi, Türkiye’de ise yaklaşık 100 bin kişi hayatını kaybetmiştir. Sosyal ve ekonomik olarak çok büyük kayıplara neden olan Covid-19’un toplumlar üzerindeki sosyal ve ekonomik etkilerinin azaltılması maksadıyla dünyada ve Türkiye’de pek çok çözüm üretilmeye çalışılmıştır.

Şüphesiz Covid-19 gibi felaketler esnasında başta devletler olmak üzere, diğer sivil toplum örgütlerinin yapacağı ekonomik ve sosyal yardımlar yaşanan olumsuzlukların önlenmesi açısından önemlidir ve gereklidir. Türkiye’de tüm dünyada olduğu gibi Covid-19’un ekonomik ve sosyal etkilerini azaltmak amacıyla önlemler almaya ve salgınla mücadele etmeye çalışmıştır.

Covid-19’un etkilerinin azaltılması amacıyla Türkiye’de yapılan yardımların incelenmesi, sosyal ve ekonomik etkilerinin araştırılması gelecek dönem de meydana gelebilecek benzer felaketlere hazırlı olunması bakımından önemlidir. Bu makalede yardımların nitelikleri ve miktarları kamu kurumu ve özel sektör temsilcilerinden temin edilerek yeterli veya yetersizlik durumları incelenmiş ve değerlendirmeler yapılmıştır. Sonuç olarak Covid-19 salgını sürecinin sağlık personeli ve sağlık kurumlarının yeterliliği nedeniyle kontrollü bir şekilde yönetildiği, aşı uygulamalarının başarılı olduğu, sosyal yardım ve ekonomik yardımların yapıldığı ancak ekonomik yardımların gelişmiş ülkelerin yapmış oldukları yardımlara göre yeterli olmadığı değerlendirilmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • American Rescue Plan, (2021), https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp- content/uploads/2021/ 03/ American-Rescue-Plan-Fact-Sheet.pdf
  • Anadolu Agency (AA), (2020, December 20), Gündem, https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/turkiye/prof-dr-temizel-kovid-19-surecinde-turkiyenin-yaptigi-insani-yardimlar-buyuk-takdir-gordu/2092516
  • Bayraktutan, Y., & Solmaz, A. R. (2022). Türkiye’de Covid-19 Salgını: İktisadi Önlemler ve Kısa Dönem Sonuçlar Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme. in A. Çelik, Covid-19 Sürecinde Türkiye’de Sosyal Politika (p. 38-39).
  • BBC News Turkish, (28 April 2021). “Tam kapanma: Covid salgınında ülkeler vatandaşlarına nasıl ve ne kadar ekonomik yardımda bulunuyor?”, https://www.bbc.com/turkce/haberler-turkiye-56907130
  • BBC News Turkish, (28 Mayıs 2020). “Koranavirüs: Hangi ülkelerde ne tür ekonomik paketleri açıklandı?”, https://www.bbc.com/turkce/haberler-dunya-52828167
  • Bozkurt, Y., Zeybek, Z., ve Aşkın, R. (2020), “Covid-19 Pandemisi: Psikolojik Etkileri ve Terapötik Müdahaleler”, Istanbul Commerce University Journal of Social Sciences. 19 (37), 304-318.
  • Briggs, D., Telford, L., Lloyd A., Allis A., and Kotze, J. (2021), Social Harm in the Covid-19 Era, Palgrave Machmillan, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-88825-1
  • Çılgın, T. (2022). “Socio-Economic Support Policies Implemented by Welfare States in the Covid-19 Process: Examples of Germany, the United States, Denmark and Sweden”, Hacettepe University Journal of Social Sciences, 4 (1), p.13-14.
  • Çimen, H. (2021). “Rethinking the Importance of Social Assistance in Turkey During the Pandemic (Covid 19) that Shook the World” Journal of Anadolu University Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, 22(2), p.15-38.
  • Congressional Research Service (CRS), (2021, November 10), Economic Effects of COVID-19, https://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_The_Global_Risks_Report_2021.pdf
  • DİSK General Bussiness, (2020, May), Covid-19 Report and Social Protection Report, Ankara https://www.raporlar.org/covid-19-salgini-ve-sosyal-koruma- raporu-disk/
  • Eroğlu, G. (2020). “An Overview of Aid Services and Practices in Turkey in the Fight Against Covid-19” City and Civilization Magazine, p.567.
  • International Monetary Fund (IMF), (2021, October), World Economic Outlook İnternational Monetary Fund Recovery During a Pandemic Health Concerns, Supply Disruptions, and Price Pressure p.7.
  • Official newspaper (22 March 2020). Decision on Suspension of Execution and Bankruptcy Proceedings, 31076.
  • Presidency of the Republic of Turkey (TCCB) (2020), “We Will Start the Return to Normal Life Gradually”, E-News, https://www.tccb.gov.tr/haberler/410/119206/-normal-hayata-donusu-kademe-kademe-baslatacagiz-
  • Republic of Turkey Ministry of Family and Social Services, (02 January 2021), Social Protection Shield Turkey General, https://twitter.com/tcailesosyal/status/1382774243042209794
  • Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health, (2021, Mart 11), Minister Koca Evaluated Turkey's 1-Year Fight Against Kovid-19, https://www.saglik.gov.tr/TR,80604/bakan-koca-turkiyenin-kovid-19la-1-yillik-mucadele-surecini-degerlendirdi.html
  • Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health, (2022, Mayıs 11), Covid-19 Information Platform, https://covid19.saglik.gov.tr/
  • Republic of Turkey Ministry of Interior, (2022, February 11), Our Minister Mr. Süleyman Soylu Participated in the 112 Emergency Call Centers Training Program in Antalya, https://www.icisleri.gov.tr/bakanimiz-sn-suleyman-soylu-antalyada-duzenlenen-112-acil-cagri-merkezleri-egitim-programina-katildi Erişim: 13 May 2022
  • Sariipek, D.B. (2021). Covid-19 ve Sosyal Koruma: Temel Gelir Ekseninde Bir Değerlendirme. Çelik Abdülhalim, (Ed.) Covid-19 Sürecinde Türkiye’de Sosyal Politika. Ankara: Orion, p.108.
  • Şenkal A. (2021b). Yoksulluğun Politik Ekonomisi. Nobel.
  • Şenkal, A. (2021a). Küresel Sağlık Krizinden Sosyal Politika Krizine: Covid-19 salgını ve Sosyal Politika. Çelik Abdülhalim, (Ed.) Covid-19 Sürecinde Türkiye’de Sosyal Politika. p.79. Orion.
  • Soylu, B. (2020). “Türkiye Ekonomisinde Covıd-19’un Sektörel Etkileri” Eurasian Journal of Social and Economic Studies, 7(5), p.169-185.
  • Turhan, A., Hamza Çelikyay, H. (2020), “Fighting Covid-19 in Turkey: Policies and Actors”, International Journal of Management and Academy, 3 (1), p.1-25.
  • Turkish Cooperation and Coordination Agency (TİKA) (2020), Annual Report 2020, Ankara, 2020.
  • Turkish Cooperation and Coordination Agency (TİKA) (2021), 2021 Administrative Activity Report, Ankara, 2022.
  • Turkish Red Crescent (06 Nisan 2020b), Red Crescent Branches Reached Hundreds of Thousands of Needy People, https://www.kizilay.org.tr/Haber/HaberDetay/
  • Turkish Red Crescent (24 March 2020a), Great Support from Red Crescent to Fight Against Coronavirus, https://www.kizilay.org.tr/Haber/HaberDetay/5042
  • United Nation Development Program (UNDP), (31 March 2020b), Survey on Impact of COVID-19 on Enterprises and Needs, https://www.undp.org/coronavirus/socio-economic-impact-covid-19
  • Urhan, G., Arslankoç, S. (2021), “Social Policy and Local Administrations in the Covid-19 Process: The Case of Istanbul District Municipalities”, Journal of Labor and Society, 2 (69), p.945-980 https://acikerisim.istinye.edu.tr/xmlui/handle/20.500.12713/1738
  • World Economic Form (WEF), (2021), The Global Risks Report 2021 16th Edition, https://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_The_Global_Risks_Report_202 1.pdf
  • World Health Organization (WHO), (2022, May 11), WHO Coranavirus (COVİD-19) Dashboard, https://covid19.who.int/
Toplam 32 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Derlemeler
Yazarlar

Hüseyin Çotur Bu kişi benim 0000-0001-9335-0146

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Kasım 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 4 Haziran 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022

Kaynak Göster

APA Çotur, H. (2022). Analysis of Social Aid in Turkey During the Covid-19 Epidemic. TAM Akademi Dergisi, 1(2), 126-138. https://doi.org/10.58239/tamde.2022.02.003.x

Tarandığımız İndeksler

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