Serpantin ekolojisi ve Türkiye serpantin florası’na katkılar

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1, 22 - 33, 30.06.2017

Ebru Özdeniz , Beste Gizem Özbey Latif Kurt Ayşenur Bölükbaşı

Öz

Türkiye’nin floristik çeşitliliğinin en önemli nedenlerinden bazıları, edafik, jeolojik ve jeomorfolojik çeşitlilik ve farklı topoğrafik yapılardır. Serpantin, jips gibi minerallerce zengin kayaçlar üzerinde gelişen topraklarda endemizmin yoğun olması “jeolojik izolasyon” ile açıklanmakta, bu bölgeler “jeolojik ada” ya da “edafik ada” olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Serpantinli kayaçlardan gelişen topraklar bitki gelişimi için ekstrem habitatlardır. Bu ekstrem habitat koşulları floristik çeşitlilik açısından, özellikle endemik ve nadir taksonlar açısından son derece zengindir. Serpantin habitatlarda uzmanlaşmış türler, bu yoğun stres faktörlerine karşı adaptasyonlar geliştirerek hayatta kalmaktadır. Serpantin sistemlerin ekolojisi, biyoçeşitliliğin sürdürülebilirliği ve türlerin korunabilmesi açısından büyük önem taşımaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Serpantin ekolojisi, Serpantinofit, Serpantinovag, Edafik endemizm, Türkiye florası

Serpentine ecology and contributions to the serpentine flora of Turkey

Öz

Some of the most important reasons for the floristic diversity of Turkey are the edaphic, geological and geomorphogical diversity and different topographical structures. The fact that there is an extensive endemism on the land developed from the gypsum and serpentine rocks with extreme conditions is explained by the ‘’geological isolation’’ and these regions are called “geologic island“ or “edaphic island”. Serpentine soils are extreme habitats for plants. These extreme habitat conditions are rich with floristic diversity, especially endemic and rare taxa. The species which are specialist for serpentine habitats can survive by developing adaptations toward these intense stress conditions. The ecology of serpentine systems have a significant importance for the sustainability of biodiversity and preservation of species.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Serpentine ecology, Serpentinophyt, Serpentinovag, Edaphic endemism, Flora of Turkey

Kaynakça

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