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Bazı entomopatojen nematodların etkinliğinin Patates güvesi Phthorimaea operculella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)’nin mücadelesinde değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 165 - 175, 15.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.31019/tbmd.716399

Öz

Bu çalışmada Türkiye’den izole edilen entomopatojen nematodların (EPN) patates güvesi Phthorimaea operculella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) son dönem larvalarına karşı etkinlikleri laboratuvarda araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada Steinernema affine Bovien, S. carpocapsae Weiser, S. feltiae Filipjev ve Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Poinar EPN türleri kullanılmıştır. Patates güveleri, Derinkuyu’daki (Nevşehir) bulaşık patates tarlalarından 2019 haziran ayında toplanmıştır. Etkinlik denemeleri 9 cm çapındaki plastik Petrilerde 25 oC’de 50 infektif larva (IJ)/larva olacak şekilde yürütülmüştür. Denemenin kontrolleri 24, 48, 72 ve 96 saat aralıklar ile yapılmıştır. EPN türlerinin, P. operculella larvalarında meydana getirdiği ölüm oranları süreye bağlı olarak artış göstermiştir. EPN uygulamaları sonrası ölüm oranları 1. günden 4. güne kadar sırası ile %40-66.6, %83.3-100, %93.3-100 ve %96.6-100 arasında değişmiştir. Steinernema feltiae uygulamalarından sonraki 2. günde zararlı larvalarında %100 ölüm meydana gelmiştir. Denemede kullanılan tüm EPN türleri süreye bağlı olarak P. operculella larvalarında yüksek oranda ölüme neden olmuştur. Bu sonuçlar zararlı ile mücadelede EPN’lerin kullanım potansiyellerinin detaylı araştırılmasını gerektirmektedir.

Teşekkür

Mehmet Ali Mandacı ve Ayşenur Yılmaz

Kaynakça

  • Abdelmonem A.E., S.A. Hammad, M.F. El-Tawil & A.S.H. Gamal El-Din, 2018. Effect of certain insecticides and entomopathogenic nematodes on potato tuber moth Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) under laboratory conditions. Egyptian Scientific Journal of Pesticides, 4(4): 16-24.
  • Ahmed A., A.I. Hashemb, M.Y. Mohamedc, S.M. Shimaa & S.H. Khalila, 2013. Protection of potato crop against Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) infestation using frass extract of two noctuid insect pests under laboratory and storage simulation conditions. Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection. 46 (20): 2409-2419.
  • Akhurst R.J. & N.E. Boemare, 1990. Biology and taxonomy of Xenorhabdus. (Ed.: Gaugler, R. and Kaya, H.K. Entomopathogenic Nematodes in Biological Control). CRC press, Boca Raton, Florida, 75-90.
  • Bedding R.A. & R.J. Akhurst, 1975. A simple technique for detection of insect parasitic rhabditid nematodes in soil. Nematologica, 21: 109-110.
  • Bélair G., L. Simard & J. Dionne, 2013. Canadian entomopathogenic nematode isolates: virulence against black cutworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Phytoprotection, 93: 43-46
  • Campbell J.F & R. Gaugler, 1997. Inter-specific variation in entomopathogenic nematode foraging strategy: Dichotomy or variation along a continuum? Fundam. appl. Nematology, 20: 393-398.
  • Davidson M.M, R.C. Butler, S.D. Wratten & A.J. Conner, 2006. Field evaluation of potato plants transgenic for a cry1Ac gene conferring resistance to potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). Crop Protection, 25: 216-224.
  • Dillard H.R., T.J. Wicks & B. Philip, 1993. A grower sürvey of diseases invertebrate pests, and pesticide use on potatoes grown in South Australia. Australia Journal Experimental Agriculture, 33: 653-661. FAO, 2018. http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QC. Erişim Tarihi: 18.03.2020.
  • Griffin C.T., N.E. Boemare & E.E. Lewis, 2005. Biology and behaviour. (Ed.: Grewal, P.S., Ehlers, R.U. and Shapiro-Ilan, D.I. Nematodes as biocontrol agents). CABI Publishing, Wallingford, UK, 47-75.
  • Golizadeh A. & N. Esmaeili, 2012. Comperative life history and fecundity of Phthorimaea operculella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) on leaves and tubers of different potato cultivars. Journal of Economic Entomology, 105: 1809-1815.
  • Gözel U & Ç. Güneş, 2013. Effect of entomopathogenic nematode species on the corn stalk borer (Sesamia cretica Led. Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) at different temperatures, Turkish Journal of Entomology, 37(1): 65-72.
  • Gözel Ç. & İ. Kasap, 2015. Efficacy of Entomopathogenic Nematodes against the Tomato Leafminer Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in Tomato Field. Turkish Journal of Entomology, 39: 229-237.
  • Gözel Ç., 2019. Yerel Entomopatojen Nematodların Amerikan beyaz kelebeği Hyphantria cunea (Drury) (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) Üzerindeki Etkinliği, Türkiye Biyolojik Mücadele Dergisi, 10: 17-28.
  • Güneş Ç. & U. Gözel, 2011. Marmara Bölgesi’ndeki Entomopatojen Nematod Faunasının Belirlenmesi. Türkiye Biyolojik Mücadele Dergisi, 2: 103-118.
  • Hafez E., 2011. Insecticide resistance in potato tuber moth Phthorimaea operculella Zeller in Egypt. Journal of American Science, 7: 263-266.
  • Kary N.E., Z. Sanatipour, D. Mohammadi & A.M. Koppenhöfer, 2018. Developmental stage affects the interaction of Steinernema carpocapsae and abamectin for the control of Phthorimaea operculella (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae). Biological Control, 122: 18-23.
  • Kaya H.K. & R. Gaugler, 1993. Entomopathogenic nematodes. Annual Review Entomology, 38: 181-206.
  • Kaya H.K. & S.P. Stock, 1997. Techniques in Insect Nematology (Ed.: Lacey L.A. Manual of Techniques in Insect Pathology. Biological Techniques Series). Academic Press, San Diego, London, 281-324.
  • Keasar T. & A. Sadeh, 2007. The parasitoid Copidosoma koehleri provides limited control of the potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella, in stored potatoes. Biological Control, 42: 55-60.
  • Kepenekçi İ., A. Tülek, M. Alkan & S. Hazır, 2013. Biological control potential of native entomopathogenic nematodes against the potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in Turkey. Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 45(5): 1415-1422.
  • Kroschel J., M. Sporleder, H.E.Z. Tonnang, H. Juarez, P. Carhuapoma, J.C. Gonzales & R. Simon, 2013. Predicting climate change caused changes in global temperature on potato tuber moth Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) distribution and abundance using phenology modeling and GIS mapping. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 170: 228-241.
  • Lacey L.A., A. Knight & J. Huber, 2000. Microbial control of Lepidopteran pests of apple orchards, in field manual of techniques in invertebrate pathology (Ed.: L.A. Lacey & H.K. Kaya, Application and Evaluation of Pathogens for Control of Insects and other Invertebrate pests), Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, pp. 557- 576.
  • Lewis E., R. Gaugler & R. Harrison, 1992. Entomopathogenic nematode host finding response to host contact cues by cruise and ambush foragers. Parasitology, 105: 309-319.
  • Lewis E., 2002. Behavioural ecology. In: Entomopathogenic nematology (ed. R. Gaugler). CAB International, Wallingford, UK, 205-223.
  • Mandour N.S., 1997. Ecological and biological studies on the polyemryonic parasitoid Copidosoma desantisi Annecke & Mynhardt parasitic on the potato tuber moth in Suez Canal area. M.Sc. thesis, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, 135.
  • Mandour N.S., F.M. Mahmoud, M.A. Osman & B.L. Qiu, 2008. Efficiency, intrinsic competition and interspecific host discrimination of Copidosoma desantisi and Trichogramma evanescens, two parasitoids of Phthorimaea operculella. Biocontrol Science Technology, 18: 903-912.
  • Moawad S.S., M.M.E. Salah, H.M. Metwally, I.M. Ebadah & Y.A. Mahmoud, 2018. Protective and curative treatments of entomopathogenic nematodes against the potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella (Zell.). Bioscience Research, 15(3): 2602-2610.
  • Nguyen K.B., D.I. Shapiro-Ilan, R.J. Stuart, C.W. McCoy, R.R. James & B.J. Adams, 2004. Heterorhabditis mexicana n. sp. (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae) from Tamaulipas, Mexico, and morphological studies of the bursa of Heterorhabditis spp. Nematology, 6: 231-244.
  • Rondon S.I., S.J. DeBano G.H. Clough, P.B. Hamm, A. Jensen, A. Schreiber, J.M. Alvarez, M. Thornton, J. Barbour & M. Dogramaci, 2007. Biology and management of the potato tuber worm in the Pacific Northwest, PNW 594.
  • Saleh M.M.E., M.A. Hussein, G.A. Hafez, M.A. Hussein, H.A. Salem & H.M.S. Metwally, 2015. Foliar application of entomopathogenic nematodes for controlling Spodoptera littoralis and Agrotis ipsilon (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on corn plants. Advances in Applied Agricultural Science, 3: 51-61.
  • Shelton A.M. & J.A. Wayman, 1979. Potato tuberworm damage to potatoes under different irrigation and cultural practices. Journal of Economic Entomology, 72: 261-264.
  • Sileshi G. & J. Teriessa, 2001. Tuber damage by potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), in the field in Eastern Ethiopia. International Journal of Pest Management, 47: 109-113.
  • Saour G., 2004. Efficacy assessment of some Trichogramma species (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) in controlling the potato tuber moth Phthorimaea operculella Zell. (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). Journal of Pest Science, 77: 229-234.
  • Stock S.P., B.M. Pryor & H.K. Kaya, 1999. Distribution of entomopathogenic nematodes (Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae) in natural habitats in California, USA. Biodiversity Conservation, 8: 535-549.
  • Tagem, 2017. Patates Entegre Mücadele Teknik Talimatı. Bitki Sağlığı Araştırmaları Daire Başkanlığı, Ankara. Vashisth S., Y.S. Chandel & P.K. Sharma, 2013. Entomopathogenic nematodes-A review. Agricultural Reviews, 34: 163-175.
  • White G.F., 1927. A method for obtaining infective nematode larvae from cultures. Science, 66: 302-303.
  • Xu J., J.H. Zhu, Y.L. Yang, H. Tang, H.P. Lü, M.S. Fan, Y. Shi, D.F. Dong, G.J. Wang, W.X. Wang, X.Y. Xiong & Y.L. Gao, 2019. Status of major diseases and insect pests of potato and pesticide usage in China. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 52: 2800-2808.
  • Yan J.J., S.C. Sarkar, R.X. Meng, R. Stuart, & Y.L. Gao, 2020a. Potential of Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser) as a biological control agent against potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(2): 389-393.
  • Yan X., M.S. Arain, Y. Lin, X. Gu, L. Zhang, J. Li & R. Han, 2020b. Efficacy of entomopathogenic nematodes against the tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Biological and Microbial Control, 113(1): 64-72.
  • Yurt Ç., Ç. Gözel & U. Gözel, 2015. Bazı entomopatojen nematod türlerinin Pieris brassicae (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) üzerindeki etkinlikleri. Türkiye Biyolojik Mücadele Dergisi, 6(2): 77-84.

Evaluation of efficacy of some entomopathogenic nematodes for the control of potato tuber moth Phthorimaea operculella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 165 - 175, 15.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.31019/tbmd.716399

Öz

In this study, the efficacy of Turkish isolates of four entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) against the last instar larvae of the potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) were investigated under laboratory conditions. Potato moths were collected from infested potato fields in Derinkuyu (Nevşehir Province) in June 2019. The four EPN species used were Steinernema affine Bovien, S. carpocapsae Weiser, S. feltiae Filipjev and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Poinar. Efficacy experiments were carried out in 9 cm diameter plastic Petri dishes with doses of 50 IJs / larva at 25 oC. Mortalities were recorded after 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours. The mortality of P. operculella larvae caused by EPN species increased over time. From 24 h to 96 h, mortality increased from 40% to 66.6%, 83.3% to 100%, 93.3% to 100% and 96.6% to 100%, respectively. On the second day after S. feltiae application, there was 100% mortality of the pest larvae. All EPN species used in the experiment caused time-dependent, high mortality of P. operculella larvae. These promising results for the efficacy of four Turkish EPN isolates against the major potato pest, P. operculella warrant detailed field investigations of their potential use for the control of this pest in commercial potato production.

Kaynakça

  • Abdelmonem A.E., S.A. Hammad, M.F. El-Tawil & A.S.H. Gamal El-Din, 2018. Effect of certain insecticides and entomopathogenic nematodes on potato tuber moth Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) under laboratory conditions. Egyptian Scientific Journal of Pesticides, 4(4): 16-24.
  • Ahmed A., A.I. Hashemb, M.Y. Mohamedc, S.M. Shimaa & S.H. Khalila, 2013. Protection of potato crop against Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) infestation using frass extract of two noctuid insect pests under laboratory and storage simulation conditions. Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection. 46 (20): 2409-2419.
  • Akhurst R.J. & N.E. Boemare, 1990. Biology and taxonomy of Xenorhabdus. (Ed.: Gaugler, R. and Kaya, H.K. Entomopathogenic Nematodes in Biological Control). CRC press, Boca Raton, Florida, 75-90.
  • Bedding R.A. & R.J. Akhurst, 1975. A simple technique for detection of insect parasitic rhabditid nematodes in soil. Nematologica, 21: 109-110.
  • Bélair G., L. Simard & J. Dionne, 2013. Canadian entomopathogenic nematode isolates: virulence against black cutworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Phytoprotection, 93: 43-46
  • Campbell J.F & R. Gaugler, 1997. Inter-specific variation in entomopathogenic nematode foraging strategy: Dichotomy or variation along a continuum? Fundam. appl. Nematology, 20: 393-398.
  • Davidson M.M, R.C. Butler, S.D. Wratten & A.J. Conner, 2006. Field evaluation of potato plants transgenic for a cry1Ac gene conferring resistance to potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). Crop Protection, 25: 216-224.
  • Dillard H.R., T.J. Wicks & B. Philip, 1993. A grower sürvey of diseases invertebrate pests, and pesticide use on potatoes grown in South Australia. Australia Journal Experimental Agriculture, 33: 653-661. FAO, 2018. http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QC. Erişim Tarihi: 18.03.2020.
  • Griffin C.T., N.E. Boemare & E.E. Lewis, 2005. Biology and behaviour. (Ed.: Grewal, P.S., Ehlers, R.U. and Shapiro-Ilan, D.I. Nematodes as biocontrol agents). CABI Publishing, Wallingford, UK, 47-75.
  • Golizadeh A. & N. Esmaeili, 2012. Comperative life history and fecundity of Phthorimaea operculella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) on leaves and tubers of different potato cultivars. Journal of Economic Entomology, 105: 1809-1815.
  • Gözel U & Ç. Güneş, 2013. Effect of entomopathogenic nematode species on the corn stalk borer (Sesamia cretica Led. Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) at different temperatures, Turkish Journal of Entomology, 37(1): 65-72.
  • Gözel Ç. & İ. Kasap, 2015. Efficacy of Entomopathogenic Nematodes against the Tomato Leafminer Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in Tomato Field. Turkish Journal of Entomology, 39: 229-237.
  • Gözel Ç., 2019. Yerel Entomopatojen Nematodların Amerikan beyaz kelebeği Hyphantria cunea (Drury) (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) Üzerindeki Etkinliği, Türkiye Biyolojik Mücadele Dergisi, 10: 17-28.
  • Güneş Ç. & U. Gözel, 2011. Marmara Bölgesi’ndeki Entomopatojen Nematod Faunasının Belirlenmesi. Türkiye Biyolojik Mücadele Dergisi, 2: 103-118.
  • Hafez E., 2011. Insecticide resistance in potato tuber moth Phthorimaea operculella Zeller in Egypt. Journal of American Science, 7: 263-266.
  • Kary N.E., Z. Sanatipour, D. Mohammadi & A.M. Koppenhöfer, 2018. Developmental stage affects the interaction of Steinernema carpocapsae and abamectin for the control of Phthorimaea operculella (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae). Biological Control, 122: 18-23.
  • Kaya H.K. & R. Gaugler, 1993. Entomopathogenic nematodes. Annual Review Entomology, 38: 181-206.
  • Kaya H.K. & S.P. Stock, 1997. Techniques in Insect Nematology (Ed.: Lacey L.A. Manual of Techniques in Insect Pathology. Biological Techniques Series). Academic Press, San Diego, London, 281-324.
  • Keasar T. & A. Sadeh, 2007. The parasitoid Copidosoma koehleri provides limited control of the potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella, in stored potatoes. Biological Control, 42: 55-60.
  • Kepenekçi İ., A. Tülek, M. Alkan & S. Hazır, 2013. Biological control potential of native entomopathogenic nematodes against the potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in Turkey. Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 45(5): 1415-1422.
  • Kroschel J., M. Sporleder, H.E.Z. Tonnang, H. Juarez, P. Carhuapoma, J.C. Gonzales & R. Simon, 2013. Predicting climate change caused changes in global temperature on potato tuber moth Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) distribution and abundance using phenology modeling and GIS mapping. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 170: 228-241.
  • Lacey L.A., A. Knight & J. Huber, 2000. Microbial control of Lepidopteran pests of apple orchards, in field manual of techniques in invertebrate pathology (Ed.: L.A. Lacey & H.K. Kaya, Application and Evaluation of Pathogens for Control of Insects and other Invertebrate pests), Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, pp. 557- 576.
  • Lewis E., R. Gaugler & R. Harrison, 1992. Entomopathogenic nematode host finding response to host contact cues by cruise and ambush foragers. Parasitology, 105: 309-319.
  • Lewis E., 2002. Behavioural ecology. In: Entomopathogenic nematology (ed. R. Gaugler). CAB International, Wallingford, UK, 205-223.
  • Mandour N.S., 1997. Ecological and biological studies on the polyemryonic parasitoid Copidosoma desantisi Annecke & Mynhardt parasitic on the potato tuber moth in Suez Canal area. M.Sc. thesis, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, 135.
  • Mandour N.S., F.M. Mahmoud, M.A. Osman & B.L. Qiu, 2008. Efficiency, intrinsic competition and interspecific host discrimination of Copidosoma desantisi and Trichogramma evanescens, two parasitoids of Phthorimaea operculella. Biocontrol Science Technology, 18: 903-912.
  • Moawad S.S., M.M.E. Salah, H.M. Metwally, I.M. Ebadah & Y.A. Mahmoud, 2018. Protective and curative treatments of entomopathogenic nematodes against the potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella (Zell.). Bioscience Research, 15(3): 2602-2610.
  • Nguyen K.B., D.I. Shapiro-Ilan, R.J. Stuart, C.W. McCoy, R.R. James & B.J. Adams, 2004. Heterorhabditis mexicana n. sp. (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae) from Tamaulipas, Mexico, and morphological studies of the bursa of Heterorhabditis spp. Nematology, 6: 231-244.
  • Rondon S.I., S.J. DeBano G.H. Clough, P.B. Hamm, A. Jensen, A. Schreiber, J.M. Alvarez, M. Thornton, J. Barbour & M. Dogramaci, 2007. Biology and management of the potato tuber worm in the Pacific Northwest, PNW 594.
  • Saleh M.M.E., M.A. Hussein, G.A. Hafez, M.A. Hussein, H.A. Salem & H.M.S. Metwally, 2015. Foliar application of entomopathogenic nematodes for controlling Spodoptera littoralis and Agrotis ipsilon (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on corn plants. Advances in Applied Agricultural Science, 3: 51-61.
  • Shelton A.M. & J.A. Wayman, 1979. Potato tuberworm damage to potatoes under different irrigation and cultural practices. Journal of Economic Entomology, 72: 261-264.
  • Sileshi G. & J. Teriessa, 2001. Tuber damage by potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), in the field in Eastern Ethiopia. International Journal of Pest Management, 47: 109-113.
  • Saour G., 2004. Efficacy assessment of some Trichogramma species (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) in controlling the potato tuber moth Phthorimaea operculella Zell. (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). Journal of Pest Science, 77: 229-234.
  • Stock S.P., B.M. Pryor & H.K. Kaya, 1999. Distribution of entomopathogenic nematodes (Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae) in natural habitats in California, USA. Biodiversity Conservation, 8: 535-549.
  • Tagem, 2017. Patates Entegre Mücadele Teknik Talimatı. Bitki Sağlığı Araştırmaları Daire Başkanlığı, Ankara. Vashisth S., Y.S. Chandel & P.K. Sharma, 2013. Entomopathogenic nematodes-A review. Agricultural Reviews, 34: 163-175.
  • White G.F., 1927. A method for obtaining infective nematode larvae from cultures. Science, 66: 302-303.
  • Xu J., J.H. Zhu, Y.L. Yang, H. Tang, H.P. Lü, M.S. Fan, Y. Shi, D.F. Dong, G.J. Wang, W.X. Wang, X.Y. Xiong & Y.L. Gao, 2019. Status of major diseases and insect pests of potato and pesticide usage in China. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 52: 2800-2808.
  • Yan J.J., S.C. Sarkar, R.X. Meng, R. Stuart, & Y.L. Gao, 2020a. Potential of Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser) as a biological control agent against potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(2): 389-393.
  • Yan X., M.S. Arain, Y. Lin, X. Gu, L. Zhang, J. Li & R. Han, 2020b. Efficacy of entomopathogenic nematodes against the tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Biological and Microbial Control, 113(1): 64-72.
  • Yurt Ç., Ç. Gözel & U. Gözel, 2015. Bazı entomopatojen nematod türlerinin Pieris brassicae (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) üzerindeki etkinlikleri. Türkiye Biyolojik Mücadele Dergisi, 6(2): 77-84.
Toplam 40 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Ziraat Mühendisliği
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Çiğdem Gözel 0000-0002-0742-7205

Hürkan Ataş 0000-0002-5135-527X

Uğur Gözel 0000-0003-1363-1189

Yayımlanma Tarihi 15 Aralık 2020
Gönderilme Tarihi 8 Nisan 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Gözel, Ç., Ataş, H., & Gözel, U. (2020). Bazı entomopatojen nematodların etkinliğinin Patates güvesi Phthorimaea operculella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)’nin mücadelesinde değerlendirilmesi. Türkiye Biyolojik Mücadele Dergisi, 11(2), 165-175. https://doi.org/10.31019/tbmd.716399
AMA Gözel Ç, Ataş H, Gözel U. Bazı entomopatojen nematodların etkinliğinin Patates güvesi Phthorimaea operculella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)’nin mücadelesinde değerlendirilmesi. Türk. biyo. müc. derg. Aralık 2020;11(2):165-175. doi:10.31019/tbmd.716399
Chicago Gözel, Çiğdem, Hürkan Ataş, ve Uğur Gözel. “Bazı Entomopatojen nematodların etkinliğinin Patates güvesi Phthorimaea Operculella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)’nin mücadelesinde değerlendirilmesi”. Türkiye Biyolojik Mücadele Dergisi 11, sy. 2 (Aralık 2020): 165-75. https://doi.org/10.31019/tbmd.716399.
EndNote Gözel Ç, Ataş H, Gözel U (01 Aralık 2020) Bazı entomopatojen nematodların etkinliğinin Patates güvesi Phthorimaea operculella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)’nin mücadelesinde değerlendirilmesi. Türkiye Biyolojik Mücadele Dergisi 11 2 165–175.
IEEE Ç. Gözel, H. Ataş, ve U. Gözel, “Bazı entomopatojen nematodların etkinliğinin Patates güvesi Phthorimaea operculella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)’nin mücadelesinde değerlendirilmesi”, Türk. biyo. müc. derg, c. 11, sy. 2, ss. 165–175, 2020, doi: 10.31019/tbmd.716399.
ISNAD Gözel, Çiğdem vd. “Bazı Entomopatojen nematodların etkinliğinin Patates güvesi Phthorimaea Operculella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)’nin mücadelesinde değerlendirilmesi”. Türkiye Biyolojik Mücadele Dergisi 11/2 (Aralık 2020), 165-175. https://doi.org/10.31019/tbmd.716399.
JAMA Gözel Ç, Ataş H, Gözel U. Bazı entomopatojen nematodların etkinliğinin Patates güvesi Phthorimaea operculella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)’nin mücadelesinde değerlendirilmesi. Türk. biyo. müc. derg. 2020;11:165–175.
MLA Gözel, Çiğdem vd. “Bazı Entomopatojen nematodların etkinliğinin Patates güvesi Phthorimaea Operculella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)’nin mücadelesinde değerlendirilmesi”. Türkiye Biyolojik Mücadele Dergisi, c. 11, sy. 2, 2020, ss. 165-7, doi:10.31019/tbmd.716399.
Vancouver Gözel Ç, Ataş H, Gözel U. Bazı entomopatojen nematodların etkinliğinin Patates güvesi Phthorimaea operculella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)’nin mücadelesinde değerlendirilmesi. Türk. biyo. müc. derg. 2020;11(2):165-7.