Çocuklarda poliüri, altta yatan renal veya sistemik bir hastalığın ilk bulgusu olarak görülebildiği için ayırıcı tanısı güç bir bulgu olabilir.
Bilinen herhangi bir hastalığı olmayan adolesan bir erkek çocuk poliüri ile başvurdu. Detaylı öyküsünde öğrenme güçlüğü, konuşma bozukluğu, dengesiz yürüyüş bulguları ile polidaktili operasyonu öyküsü saptandı. Akraba evliliği olması ve 21 yaşındayken aniden son dönem böbrek hastalığı teşhisi konan bir erkek kardeşinin olması gibi ipuçları altta yatan genetik bir etiyolojiye işaret ediyordu. Fizik muayenede pektus ekskavatum, atipik yüz görünümü, dizartri, hipotoni, rotatuar nistagmus, bozulmuş tandem yürüyüş, retinada hiperpigmente düzensizlikler görüldü. Labotatuvar tetkikleri sonucunda tübülopatinin eşlik ettiği Evre-4 kronik böbrek hastalığı olduğu gösterildi. Ultrasonografide ise kortikomedüller bileşkede kistik lezyonlar saptandı. Böylece hastaya Juvenil nefronofitizis tanısı koyuldu. Ayrıca ileri incelemeler sırasında, kranial MRI görüntülemesinde “Molar Diş Bulgusu” belirlendi. Tüm bu klinik ve radyolojik bulgular, Joubert Sendromu İlişkili Hastalıklar spektrumuna işaret etmekteydi. Olgunun kendisi ve kardeşinde genetik analizinde homozigot NPHP1 delesyonlarını saptandı. Literatürden farklı olarak, vakamızda ve abisinde persistan trombositopeni şeklinde
Nefronofitizisin genetik heterojenliği ve fenotipik değişkenliği tanısal güçlüğe neden olmaktadır. NPHP1 delesyonları çoğunlukla izole nefronofitizisde olmakla birlikte, JSRD gibi siliyopati sendromlarında da tanımlanmıştır. Bu vaka böbrek, retina, iskelet ve nörolojik tutulumlara ek olarak hematolojik tutulumu da olması nedeniyle özgüldür. Bu vakanın, gelecekteki genotip-fenotip çalışmalarına ışık tutabileceğini düşünmekteyiz.
Polyuria in children may become a diagnostic challenge since it may be seen as presenting symptom of an underlying renal or systemic disease.
An adolescent boy, who did not have any known illness, was presented with polyuria. The detailed history revealed the findings of learning difficulty, speech impairment, unsteady gait and an operation of polydactyly. He had consanguineous parents and a brother who had abruptly diagnosed with the end-stage renal disease at the age of 21. These clues pointed to genetic background. On physical examination, he had pectus excavatum, atypical facial appearance, dysarthria, hypotonia, rotatory nystagmus, impaired tandem walk, hyperpigmented retinal irregularities. Laboratory examinations showed Stage-4 chronic kidney disease accompanied by tubulopathy. Ultrasonography detected cystic lesions on the corticomedullary junction. Thus, the patient had diagnosed Juvenile-Nephronophthisis. During further examinations, Molar Tooth Sign was detected in cranial MRI imaging. All these clinical and radiological findings indicate the spectrum of Joubert-Syndrome-Related-Disorders (JSRD). Genetic analysis of the patient and his brother revealed homozygous NPHP1 deletion. Distinctly from literature, they both had hematological involvement in the form of persistent thrombocytopenia.
Genetic heterogeneity and phenotypic variability of nephronophthisis are major challenges. Although NPHP1 deletions are mostly identified in isolated nephronophthisis, they have also been described in complex ciliopathy syndromes such as JSRD. This case is also specific due to haematological involvement additional to kidney, retina, skeleton, neurological. We think, this case may shed light on future genotype-phenotype studies.
Primary Language | English |
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Subjects | Internal Diseases |
Journal Section | CASE REPORTS |
Authors | |
Publication Date | September 23, 2021 |
Submission Date | September 9, 2020 |
Published in Issue | Year 2021 Volume: 15 Issue: 5 |
The publication language of Turkish Journal of Pediatric Disease is English.
Manuscripts submitted to the Turkish Journal of Pediatric Disease will go through a double-blind peer-review process. Each submission will be reviewed by at least two external, independent peer reviewers who are experts in the field, in order to ensure an unbiased evaluation process. The editorial board will invite an external and independent editor to manage the evaluation processes of manuscripts submitted by editors or by the editorial board members of the journal. The Editor in Chief is the final authority in the decision-making process for all submissions. Articles accepted for publication in the Turkish Journal of Pediatrics are put in the order of publication, with at least 6 original articles in each issue, taking into account the acceptance dates. If the articles sent to the reviewers for evaluation are assessed as a senior for publication by the reviewers, the section editor and the editor considering all aspects (originality, high scientific quality and citation potential), it receives publication priority in addition to the articles assigned for the next issue.
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