Araştırma Makalesi
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Blokzincir Destekli Mobil Robotların Sağlık Hizmetinde Uygulanması: Kullanım Örnekleri, Araştırma Zorlukları ve Gelecek Trendler

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 27 - 35, 29.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.46810/tdfd.1017499

Öz

İnsan emeğinin riskli görüldüğü pandemi gibi acil durumlarda hizmet robotlarının sağlık hizmetlerinde kullanılması önem kazanmaktadır. Mobil robotlardan oluşan çoklu robot sistemleri, sağlık hizmetlerinde basit ama hayati görevleri yerine getirme potansiyeline sahiptir. Ancak bu sistemlerin bir sunucu bilgisayar ile merkezi kontrolü, tek arıza noktası ve robotların etkisiz çalışması risklerini taşır, bu nedenle blok zincir entegrasyonu ile merkezi olmayan kontrol daha iyi bir çözüm sunar. Bu çalışmada blokzincir destekli çoklu mobil robot sistemleri ile ilgili araştırma zorlukları; örnek kullanım durumları, blokzincir teknolojisi ve tıp merkezlerinde kullanılan mevcut bilgi işlem sistemlerine entegrasyonu açılarından ele alınmıştır. Ardından, izne bağlı erişimli bir blok zinciri platformu olan Hyperledger Fabric kullanarak çoklu robot sistemlerinde merkezi olmayan yönetim ve görev dağıtımı için bir yöntem önerilmekte ve ortak kullanım senaryoları verilmektedir. Sözkonusu sistemde, görev hedefine en yakın faal robotların seçimine bağlı olarak robotlara görevler atanmaktadır. Her robot, görev atama fonksiyonunu içeren akıllı sözleşmeyi çalıştırmakta; böylece görev atama işlemi için veri trafiği, merkezi bir sistemde olduğu gibi tek bir hatta yığılmak yerine ağ üzerine dağıtılmaktadır. Gelecekteki araştırma konuları ve gelecekteki çalışmalar için yönelimler de sonuç kısmında belirtilmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Nakamoto, S., 2008. Bitcoin: A peer-to-peer electronic cash system. Decentralized Business Review, 21260
  • Okumuş, F., Dönmez, E., & Kocamaz, A. F. (2020). A cloudware architecture for collaboration of multiple agvs in indoor logistics: Case study in fabric manufacturing enterprises. Electronics, 9(12), 2023.
  • Dadgar M, Couceiro M S, Hamzeh A. RbRDPSO: Repulsion-Based RDPSO for Robotic Target Searching. Iranian Journal of Science and Technology - Transactions of Electrical Engineering, 2020; 44(1), 551–563. doi:10.1007/s40998-019-00245-z Trotta A, Montecchiari L, Felice M Di, Bononi L. A GPS-Free Flocking Model for Aerial Mesh Deployments in Disaster-Recovery Scenarios. IEEE Access, 2020; 8, 91558–91573. doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2994466
  • Kabir A M R, Inoue D, Kakugo A. Molecular swarm robots: recent progress and future challenges. In Science and Technology of Advanced Materials, 2020; Vol. 21, Issue 1, pp. 323–332. Taylor and Francis Ltd. doi: 10.1080/14686996.2020.1761761
  • Keya J J, Kabir A M R, Inoue D, Sada K, Hess H, Kuzuya A, Kakugo A. Control of swarming of molecular robots. Scientific Reports, 2018; 8(1), 1–10. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-30187-1
  • Holland, J., Kingston, L., McCarthy, C., Armstrong, E., O’Dwyer, P., Merz, F., & McConnell, M., 2021. Service Robots in the Healthcare Sector. Robotics, 10(1), 47.
  • Farkh, R., Marouani, H., Al Jaloud, K., Alhuwaimel, S., Quasim, M. T., & Fouad, Y., 2021. Intelligent autonomous-robot control for medical applications. Computers, Materials and Continua, 2189-2203.
  • Fang B, Mei G, Yuan X, Wang L, Wang Z, Wang J. Visual SLAM for robot navigation in healthcare facility. Pattern Recognition, 2021; 113. doi: 10.1016/j.patcog.2021.107822
  • S. H. Alsamhi and B. Lee, "Blockchain-Empowered Multi-Robot Collaboration to Fight COVID-19 and Future Pandemics," in IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp. 44173-44197, 2021, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3032450.
  • Alsamhi, SH, Lee, B, Guizani, M, Kumar, N, Qiao, Y, Liu, X. Blockchain for decentralized multi-drone to combat COVID-19 and future pandemics: Framework and proposed solutions. Trans Emerging Tel Tech. 2021; e4255. https://doi.org/10.1002/ett.4255
  • Strobel, V., Castelló Ferrer, E., & Dorigo, M., 2020. Blockchain technology secures robot swarms: a comparison of consensus protocols and their resilience to byzantine robots. Frontiers in Robotics and AI, 7, 54.
  • Liu, J., Xie, M., Chen, S., Ma, C., & Gong, Q. (2021). An improved DPoS consensus mechanism in blockchain based on PLTS for the smart autonomous multi-robot system. Information Sciences, 575, 528-541.
  • Singh, P. K., Singh, R., Nandi, S. K., Ghafoor, K. Z., Rawat, D. B., & Nandi, S., 2020. An efficient blockchain‐based approach for cooperative decision making in swarm robotics. Internet Technology Letters, 3(1), e140.
  • Mokhtar, A., Murphy, N., & Bruton, J. (2019, April). Blockchain-based multi-robot path planning. In 2019 IEEE 5th World Forum on Internet of Things (WF-IoT) (pp. 584-589). IEEE.
  • Karthik, S., Chandhar, N. P., Akil, M., Chander, S., Amogh, J., & Aditya, R., 2020. Bee-Bots: A Blockchain Based Decentralised Swarm Robotic System. In 2020 6th International Conference on Control, Automation and Robotics (ICCAR) (pp. 145-150). IEEE.
  • Nishida, Y., Kaneko, K., Sharma, S., & Sakurai, K., 2018. Suppressing chain size of blockchain-based information sharing for swarm robotic systems. In 2018 Sixth International Symposium on Computing and Networking Workshops (CANDARW) (pp. 524-528). IEEE.
  • Nguyen, T. T., Hatua, A., & Sung, A. H., 2019. Blockchain approach to solve collective decision making problems for swarm robotics. In International Congress on Blockchain and Applications (pp. 118-125). Springer, Cham.
  • Tran, J. A., Ramachandran, G. S., Shah, P. M., Danilov, C. B., Santiago, R. A., & Krishnamachari, B., 2019. SwarmDAG: A partition tolerant distributed ledger protocol for swarm robotics. Ledger, 4(Supp 1), 25-31.
  • Basegio, T. L., Michelin, R. A., Zorzo, A. F., & Bordini, R. H. (2017, May). A decentralised approach to task allocation using blockchain. In International Workshop on Engineering Multi-Agent Systems (pp. 75-91). Springer, Cham.
  • Grey, J., Godage, I., & Seneviratne, O. (2020, November). Swarm Contracts: Smart Contracts in Robotic Swarms with Varying Agent Behavior. In 2020 IEEE International Conference on Blockchain (Blockchain) (pp. 265-272). IEEE.
  • Androulaki, E., Barger, A., Bortnikov, V., Cachin, C., Christidis, K., De Caro, A., ... & Yellick, J., 2018. Hyperledger Fabric: A distributed operating system for permissioned blockchains. Proceedings of the thirteenth EuroSys conference (pp. 1-15).
  • Uddin M. Blockchain Medledger: Hyperledger fabric enabled drug traceability system for counterfeit drugs in pharmaceutical industry. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 2021; 597. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120235
  • Uddin M, Memon M S, Memon I, Ali I, Memon J, Abdelhaq M, Alsaqour R. Hyperledger fabric blockchain: Secure and efficient solution for electronic health records. Computers, Materials and Continua, 2021; 68(2), 2377–2397. doi: 10.32604/cmc.2021.015354
  • Lohachab A, Garg S, Kang B H, Amin M B. Performance evaluation of Hyperledger Fabric-enabled framework for pervasive peer-to-peer energy trading in smart Cyber–Physical Systems. Future Generation Computer Systems, 2021; 118, 392–416. doi: 10.1016/j.future.2021.01.023
  • Surjandari I, Yusuf H, Laoh E, Maulida R. Designing a Permissioned Blockchain Network for the Halal Industry using Hyperledger Fabric with multiple channels and the raft consensus mechanism. Journal of Big Data, 2021; 8(1). doi: 10.1186/s40537-020-00405-7
  • Buterin, V., 2014. A Next-Generation Smart Contract and Decentralized Application Platform. Ethereum Project White Paper. Technical Report. Available online at: https://ethereum.org/en/whitepaper (Accessed October 18, 2021).
  • Zarir, A. A., Oliva, G. A., Jiang, Z. M., & Hassan, A. E. (2021). Developing Cost-Effective Blockchain-Powered Applications: A Case Study of the Gas Usage of Smart Contract Transactions in the Ethereum Blockchain Platform. ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology (TOSEM), 30(3), 1-38.
  • InterPlanetary File System. https://github.com/ipfs/ipfs,

Application of Blockchain Powered Mobile Robots In Healthcare: Use Cases, Research Challenges and Future Trends

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 27 - 35, 29.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.46810/tdfd.1017499

Öz

Using service robots in healthcare is gaining importance in case of emergent situations like pandemics where human labour is considered risky. Multi robot systems of mobile robots have the potential to perform simple but vital tasks in healthcare. However, centralized control with a server computer of these systems carry the risks of single point of failure and ineffective operation of robots, thus decentralized control with blockchain integration offers a better solution. We mention research challenges regarding blockchain powered multi robot systems of mobile robots from use case, blockchain technology and its integration into current computing systems used in medical centers aspects. Then we propose a method for decentralized management and task distribution in a multi robot system by using Hyperledger Fabric as a permissioned blockchain platform and give common use case scenarios. In this system, tasks are assigned to robots depending on the selection of nearest available robots to the task target. Each robot runs the smart contract containing the task assignment method, so that data traffic for the task assignment process is distributed among the network, instead of stacking up on a single line as in a centralized system. Future research issues and directions for future works are also stated as a conclusion.

Kaynakça

  • Nakamoto, S., 2008. Bitcoin: A peer-to-peer electronic cash system. Decentralized Business Review, 21260
  • Okumuş, F., Dönmez, E., & Kocamaz, A. F. (2020). A cloudware architecture for collaboration of multiple agvs in indoor logistics: Case study in fabric manufacturing enterprises. Electronics, 9(12), 2023.
  • Dadgar M, Couceiro M S, Hamzeh A. RbRDPSO: Repulsion-Based RDPSO for Robotic Target Searching. Iranian Journal of Science and Technology - Transactions of Electrical Engineering, 2020; 44(1), 551–563. doi:10.1007/s40998-019-00245-z Trotta A, Montecchiari L, Felice M Di, Bononi L. A GPS-Free Flocking Model for Aerial Mesh Deployments in Disaster-Recovery Scenarios. IEEE Access, 2020; 8, 91558–91573. doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2994466
  • Kabir A M R, Inoue D, Kakugo A. Molecular swarm robots: recent progress and future challenges. In Science and Technology of Advanced Materials, 2020; Vol. 21, Issue 1, pp. 323–332. Taylor and Francis Ltd. doi: 10.1080/14686996.2020.1761761
  • Keya J J, Kabir A M R, Inoue D, Sada K, Hess H, Kuzuya A, Kakugo A. Control of swarming of molecular robots. Scientific Reports, 2018; 8(1), 1–10. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-30187-1
  • Holland, J., Kingston, L., McCarthy, C., Armstrong, E., O’Dwyer, P., Merz, F., & McConnell, M., 2021. Service Robots in the Healthcare Sector. Robotics, 10(1), 47.
  • Farkh, R., Marouani, H., Al Jaloud, K., Alhuwaimel, S., Quasim, M. T., & Fouad, Y., 2021. Intelligent autonomous-robot control for medical applications. Computers, Materials and Continua, 2189-2203.
  • Fang B, Mei G, Yuan X, Wang L, Wang Z, Wang J. Visual SLAM for robot navigation in healthcare facility. Pattern Recognition, 2021; 113. doi: 10.1016/j.patcog.2021.107822
  • S. H. Alsamhi and B. Lee, "Blockchain-Empowered Multi-Robot Collaboration to Fight COVID-19 and Future Pandemics," in IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp. 44173-44197, 2021, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3032450.
  • Alsamhi, SH, Lee, B, Guizani, M, Kumar, N, Qiao, Y, Liu, X. Blockchain for decentralized multi-drone to combat COVID-19 and future pandemics: Framework and proposed solutions. Trans Emerging Tel Tech. 2021; e4255. https://doi.org/10.1002/ett.4255
  • Strobel, V., Castelló Ferrer, E., & Dorigo, M., 2020. Blockchain technology secures robot swarms: a comparison of consensus protocols and their resilience to byzantine robots. Frontiers in Robotics and AI, 7, 54.
  • Liu, J., Xie, M., Chen, S., Ma, C., & Gong, Q. (2021). An improved DPoS consensus mechanism in blockchain based on PLTS for the smart autonomous multi-robot system. Information Sciences, 575, 528-541.
  • Singh, P. K., Singh, R., Nandi, S. K., Ghafoor, K. Z., Rawat, D. B., & Nandi, S., 2020. An efficient blockchain‐based approach for cooperative decision making in swarm robotics. Internet Technology Letters, 3(1), e140.
  • Mokhtar, A., Murphy, N., & Bruton, J. (2019, April). Blockchain-based multi-robot path planning. In 2019 IEEE 5th World Forum on Internet of Things (WF-IoT) (pp. 584-589). IEEE.
  • Karthik, S., Chandhar, N. P., Akil, M., Chander, S., Amogh, J., & Aditya, R., 2020. Bee-Bots: A Blockchain Based Decentralised Swarm Robotic System. In 2020 6th International Conference on Control, Automation and Robotics (ICCAR) (pp. 145-150). IEEE.
  • Nishida, Y., Kaneko, K., Sharma, S., & Sakurai, K., 2018. Suppressing chain size of blockchain-based information sharing for swarm robotic systems. In 2018 Sixth International Symposium on Computing and Networking Workshops (CANDARW) (pp. 524-528). IEEE.
  • Nguyen, T. T., Hatua, A., & Sung, A. H., 2019. Blockchain approach to solve collective decision making problems for swarm robotics. In International Congress on Blockchain and Applications (pp. 118-125). Springer, Cham.
  • Tran, J. A., Ramachandran, G. S., Shah, P. M., Danilov, C. B., Santiago, R. A., & Krishnamachari, B., 2019. SwarmDAG: A partition tolerant distributed ledger protocol for swarm robotics. Ledger, 4(Supp 1), 25-31.
  • Basegio, T. L., Michelin, R. A., Zorzo, A. F., & Bordini, R. H. (2017, May). A decentralised approach to task allocation using blockchain. In International Workshop on Engineering Multi-Agent Systems (pp. 75-91). Springer, Cham.
  • Grey, J., Godage, I., & Seneviratne, O. (2020, November). Swarm Contracts: Smart Contracts in Robotic Swarms with Varying Agent Behavior. In 2020 IEEE International Conference on Blockchain (Blockchain) (pp. 265-272). IEEE.
  • Androulaki, E., Barger, A., Bortnikov, V., Cachin, C., Christidis, K., De Caro, A., ... & Yellick, J., 2018. Hyperledger Fabric: A distributed operating system for permissioned blockchains. Proceedings of the thirteenth EuroSys conference (pp. 1-15).
  • Uddin M. Blockchain Medledger: Hyperledger fabric enabled drug traceability system for counterfeit drugs in pharmaceutical industry. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 2021; 597. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120235
  • Uddin M, Memon M S, Memon I, Ali I, Memon J, Abdelhaq M, Alsaqour R. Hyperledger fabric blockchain: Secure and efficient solution for electronic health records. Computers, Materials and Continua, 2021; 68(2), 2377–2397. doi: 10.32604/cmc.2021.015354
  • Lohachab A, Garg S, Kang B H, Amin M B. Performance evaluation of Hyperledger Fabric-enabled framework for pervasive peer-to-peer energy trading in smart Cyber–Physical Systems. Future Generation Computer Systems, 2021; 118, 392–416. doi: 10.1016/j.future.2021.01.023
  • Surjandari I, Yusuf H, Laoh E, Maulida R. Designing a Permissioned Blockchain Network for the Halal Industry using Hyperledger Fabric with multiple channels and the raft consensus mechanism. Journal of Big Data, 2021; 8(1). doi: 10.1186/s40537-020-00405-7
  • Buterin, V., 2014. A Next-Generation Smart Contract and Decentralized Application Platform. Ethereum Project White Paper. Technical Report. Available online at: https://ethereum.org/en/whitepaper (Accessed October 18, 2021).
  • Zarir, A. A., Oliva, G. A., Jiang, Z. M., & Hassan, A. E. (2021). Developing Cost-Effective Blockchain-Powered Applications: A Case Study of the Gas Usage of Smart Contract Transactions in the Ethereum Blockchain Platform. ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology (TOSEM), 30(3), 1-38.
  • InterPlanetary File System. https://github.com/ipfs/ipfs,
Toplam 28 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Mühendislik
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Mehmed Oğuz Şen 0000-0002-0533-1859

Fatih Okumuş 0000-0003-3046-9558

Fatih Kocamaz 0000-0002-7729-8322

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 29 Haziran 2022
Yayımlanma Tarihi 29 Haziran 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Şen, M. O., Okumuş, F., & Kocamaz, F. (2022). Application of Blockchain Powered Mobile Robots In Healthcare: Use Cases, Research Challenges and Future Trends. Turkish Journal of Nature and Science, 11(2), 27-35. https://doi.org/10.46810/tdfd.1017499
AMA Şen MO, Okumuş F, Kocamaz F. Application of Blockchain Powered Mobile Robots In Healthcare: Use Cases, Research Challenges and Future Trends. TDFD. Haziran 2022;11(2):27-35. doi:10.46810/tdfd.1017499
Chicago Şen, Mehmed Oğuz, Fatih Okumuş, ve Fatih Kocamaz. “Application of Blockchain Powered Mobile Robots In Healthcare: Use Cases, Research Challenges and Future Trends”. Turkish Journal of Nature and Science 11, sy. 2 (Haziran 2022): 27-35. https://doi.org/10.46810/tdfd.1017499.
EndNote Şen MO, Okumuş F, Kocamaz F (01 Haziran 2022) Application of Blockchain Powered Mobile Robots In Healthcare: Use Cases, Research Challenges and Future Trends. Turkish Journal of Nature and Science 11 2 27–35.
IEEE M. O. Şen, F. Okumuş, ve F. Kocamaz, “Application of Blockchain Powered Mobile Robots In Healthcare: Use Cases, Research Challenges and Future Trends”, TDFD, c. 11, sy. 2, ss. 27–35, 2022, doi: 10.46810/tdfd.1017499.
ISNAD Şen, Mehmed Oğuz vd. “Application of Blockchain Powered Mobile Robots In Healthcare: Use Cases, Research Challenges and Future Trends”. Turkish Journal of Nature and Science 11/2 (Haziran 2022), 27-35. https://doi.org/10.46810/tdfd.1017499.
JAMA Şen MO, Okumuş F, Kocamaz F. Application of Blockchain Powered Mobile Robots In Healthcare: Use Cases, Research Challenges and Future Trends. TDFD. 2022;11:27–35.
MLA Şen, Mehmed Oğuz vd. “Application of Blockchain Powered Mobile Robots In Healthcare: Use Cases, Research Challenges and Future Trends”. Turkish Journal of Nature and Science, c. 11, sy. 2, 2022, ss. 27-35, doi:10.46810/tdfd.1017499.
Vancouver Şen MO, Okumuş F, Kocamaz F. Application of Blockchain Powered Mobile Robots In Healthcare: Use Cases, Research Challenges and Future Trends. TDFD. 2022;11(2):27-35.