Anticholinergic Evaluation, Antioxidant Effects, and DNA Protection Potential of Chenopodium spp Depending on Its Phenolic Content

Abstract

Plants are important food sources and natural therapeutics, and they are preferred as an alternative instead of synthetic medicines with harmful side effects in the treatment of routine diseases. Their unique effects are mostly attributed to specific herbal metabolites based on soil, climatic, and biogeography. Chenopodium species growing on barren and alkaline soils with nitrogen content are important candidates for unique biological effects. Due to their acceptance as food and wild, searching the biological activities and knowing the metabolite content are important. A series of in vitro biological activity tests were performed to determine the effects of Chenopodium spp (Cspp). First, leaf and flower samples were prepared using a Soxhlet device. Antioxidant tests including radical scavenging and heavy metal reduction were performed. Their phenolic contents were determined by LC-MS/MS to better interpreting the antioxidant results. Their inhibitory effects on AChE and BChE were tested and were shown to have quite significant total inhibition effect compared to Galantamine used as standard. Finally, their DNA protective effects were evaluated. In conclusion, it has been understood that phenolic content and the other biological effects are mostly parallel, and the samples may have antioxidant effects at acceptable levels depending on dose.

Keywords

• Antioxidant
• DNA protection
• Inhibition
• Phenolics
• LC-MS/MS

Fenolik içeriğine bağlı olarak Chenopodium spp'nin Antioksidan etkileri, DNA koruma potansiyeli ve Antikolinerjik değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Bitkiler önemli besin kaynakları ve doğal terapötiklerdir. Bu nedenle onlar özellikle rutin hastalıkların tedavisinde yan etkilere sahip olan sentetik ilaçların yerine alternatif olarak tercih edilirler. Bitkilerin özgün etkileri Çoğunlukla büyüdükleri biyocoğrafya, toprak türü ve iklim şartlarına bağlı olarak değişebilen bitkisel metabolitlerine atfedilir. Kurak ve nitrojen içeriği bol olan topraklarda büyüyen Chenopodium türleri özgün etkiler için önemli adaylardır. Yiyecek veya vahşi bitki olarak kabul edilmelerinden dolayı kullanmadan önce onların biyolojik yönden araştırılması ve bu etkilerin arkasındaki moleküllerin bilinmesi önem arz eder. Bu çalışmada bu türün kendine has biyolojik bazı etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla bir dizi in vitro biyolojik aktivite testi gerçekleştirilmiştir. İlk olarak Soxhlet ekstraksiyon aparatı kullanılarak bitkiden yaprak ve çiçek örnekleri hazırlanmıştır. Radikal süpürme ve ağır metal indirgeme testlerini içeren antioksidan testler gerçekleştirilmiş, ardından elde edinen verileri daha anlamlı hale getirmek amacıyla LC-MS/MS ile bitkinin fenolik içeriği belirlenmiştir. Daha sonra örneklerin AChE ve BChE enzimleri üzerindeki inhibitör etkileri test edilmiş ve numunelerin standart olarak kullanılan galantamine kıyasla oldukça anlamlı toplam inhibisyon etkisi göstermiş olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Son olarak örneklerin DNA koruyucu özellikleri test edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, fenolik içerik ile diğer biyolojik etkilerin çoğunlukla paralel olduğu ve örneklerin doza bağlı olarak kabul edilebilir düzeylerde antioksidan etkiye sahip olabileceği anlaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Antioksidan
• DNA koruma
• İnhibisyon
• Fenolikler

Kaynakça

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