Anatomi Öncesinde Çizgiler: Ölüm Kaygısını Azaltmak ve Öğrencileri Kadavra ile Karşılaşmaya Hazırlamak İçin Bir Araç

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışma, çizim deneyiminin öğrencilerin kadavra algıları ve ölüm kaygısı üzerindeki etkisini araştırmayı amaçlamıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışma, üniversitemizde seçmeli sanatsal anatomi dersine kayıtlı, daha önce hiç kadavra görmemiş ve çalışmaya gönüllü olarak katılan toplam 31 öğrenci ile yürütülmüştür. Thorson-Powell Ölüm Kaygısı Ölçeği uygulandıktan sonra öğrenciler rastgele üç gruba ayrılmıştır. Birinci gruptaki öğrencilere doğrudan kadavra gösterilmiştir. İkinci gruptaki öğrencilerden kadavrayı hayal edip çizmeleri ve ardından çizimlerini gerçek kadavra ile karşılaştırmaları istenmiştir. Üçüncü gruptaki öğrencilere ise önce kadavranın bir bölümü gösterilmiş, bu kısmı çizmeleri istenmiş, ardından tüm kadavra gösterilmiştir. Bu aşamalardan sonra, tüm öğrencilere tekrar ölüm kaygısı ölçeği ve ardından geri bildirim anketi uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: Ölüm kaygısı ölçeği sonuçları incelendiğinde, çalışma öncesi ortalama puanların, çalışma sonrası puanlara göre daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir (p<0,001). Ayrıca, 1. Grup öğrencilerinin kaygı düzeylerinin 2. ve 3. Grup öğrencilerine göre daha yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur (sırasıyla p=0,039 ve p=0,005), ancak 2. ve 3. Grup arasında fark saptanmamıştır (p=0,603). Bununla birlikte, daha önce hiç ölü bir insan görmediğini belirten öğrencilerin kaygı düzeylerinin diğer öğrencilere göre daha yüksek olduğu görülmüştür (p=0,017). Sonuç: Çizim temelli uygulamaların, öğrencilerin kadavra ile ilk karşılaşmaları öncesinde yaşadıkları kaygı ve korkuyu azaltmada etkili olduğu kanıtlanmıştır. Bulgularımız, bu yaklaşımın kadavra temelli öğrenme sürecinde duygusal adaptasyonu kolaylaştırma potansiyeline sahip olduğunu ve özellikle anatomi eğitiminde kaygı yönetimi amacıyla, kadavra ile ilk karşılaşmaya yönelik pedagojik planlamaya entegre edilebileceğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• kadavra korkusu
• kadavra algısı
• kadavraya duygusal tepki
• anatomide çizim
• çizim

Lines Before Anatomy: Drawing as a Tool to Reduce Death Anxiety and Prepare Students for Cadaver Encounters

Öz

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of drawing experience on students' perceptions of cadavers and death anxiety. Materials and methods: The study was conducted with a total of 31 students who were enrolled in the elective course of artistic anatomy at our university, had never seen a cadaver before, and volunteered to participate in the study. After administering the Thorson-Powell Death Anxiety Scale, the students were randomly divided into three groups. The students in the first group were shown the cadaver directly. Students in the second group were asked to imagine and draw the cadaver and then compare their drawings with the actual cadaver. Students in the third group were first shown a part of the cadaver and asked to draw it, and then shown the entire cadaver. After these stages, all students were again administered the death anxiety scale and then the feedback questionnaire. Results: When the results of the death anxiety scale were examined, it was determined that the average scores before the study were higher than the scores after the study (p<0.001). In addition, it was found that Group 1 students had higher anxiety levels than Group 2 and Group 3 students (p=0.039 and p=0.005, respectively), but there was no difference between Groups 2 and 3 (p=0.603). Furthermore, students who reported never having seen a deceased person before were found to have higher anxiety levels than other students (p=0.017). Conclusion: Drawing-based applications have been proven to be effective in reducing anxiety and fear experienced by students prior to their first encounter with a cadaver. Our findings suggest that this approach has the potential to facilitate emotional adaptation in the cadaver-based learning process and can be integrated into pedagogical planning for the first encounter with a cadaver, particularly for the purpose of anxiety management in anatomy education.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• fear of cadaver
• cadaver perception
• emotional response to cadaver
• drawing in anatomy
• drawing

Kaynakça

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