Araştırma Makalesi

Medical Students’ Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors Regarding Skin Cancer, Sun Exposure, and Vitamin D: An Evaluation for Curriculum Integration

Cilt: 25 Sayı: 76 11 Ağustos 2026
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Medical Students’ Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors Regarding Skin Cancer, Sun Exposure, and Vitamin D: An Evaluation for Curriculum Integration

Öz

Background: Skin cancer is among the most common preventable cancers worldwide, and adequate knowledge about sun exposure and Vitamin D is essential for early prevention. Medical students, as future physicians, should acquire appropriate knowledge and health-promoting behaviors during their undergraduate training. According to the National Core Curriculum (UÇEP 2020), skin tumors are addressed under the competency area of “early diagnosis and prevention (ÖnT-K).” This framework emphasizes not only diagnostic knowledge but also preventive counseling and risk reduction strategies. This study aimed to evaluate medical students’ knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding skin cancer, sun exposure, and Vitamin D, and to identify gaps that may inform curriculum development. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among undergraduate medical students at a public university. “The Skin Cancer and Sun Information Scale” that has a Turkish validity and reliability was used. The validated questionnaire assessed knowledge about skin cancer risk factors and prevention, attitudes toward sun-protective behaviors, personal sun-exposure practices, and awareness of Vitamin D-related health issues. Descriptive statistics and comparative analyses were used to evaluate knowledge levels and associated factors. Results: Of the individuals participating in the study 60.2% (n=77) were female. The mean age was 21 years. The median total score of the participants' Skin Cancer and Sun Information Scale was calculated as 17 points (IQR: 4). Overall, students demonstrated moderate knowledge about skin cancer but showed variability across specific domains, particularly regarding Vitamin D physiology and safe sun exposure practices. When the behavioral status of the participants regarding vitamin D was evaluated; it was observed that 7.8% consumed oily fish at least twice a week, 17.2% took vitamin D supplements, and 21.1% knew the level of vitamin D in their blood findings. Although most students held positive attitudes toward sun protection, many reported inconsistent personal protective behaviors. Significant gaps were identified between knowledge and practice, suggesting limited translation of theoretical information into daily habits. Students across all years expressed a need for more structured curricular content on these topics. Conclusions: Medical students show important deficiencies in knowledge and behaviors related to skin cancer, sun exposure, and Vitamin D. These findings highlight the need to strengthen undergraduate medical curricula with integrated content on vitamin D intake, sun safety, and skin cancer prevention.The present findings indicate that although medical students demonstrate moderate knowledge and generally positive attitudes, these do not consistently translate into protective behaviors related to sun exposure and vitamin D intake. This gap suggests that current curricular coverage may remain largely knowledge-based, with limited emphasis on behavioral competencies and preventive counseling skills. Integrating experiential and behavior-oriented educational approaches into the curriculum may better align undergraduate medical education with UÇEP expectations. Enhancing students’ understanding during training may improve their personal health behaviors and support more effective patient counseling in their future clinical practice. These findings also highlight the necessity of strengthening undergraduate medical curricula with targeted educational content to enhance preventive competencies and promote healthier behavioral practices among future physicians.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Etik Beyan

The study was conducted with the Ethics committee’s approval nr. 09.2020.658 of Marmara University Ethics Committee determined in the committee meeting dated 12.06.2020. This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants.

Kaynakça

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  3. 3. De Haes P, Garmyn M, Verstuyf A, De Clercq P, Vandewalle M, Degreef H, et al. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 and analogues protect primary human keratinocytes against UVB-induced DNA damage. J Photochem Photobiol B. 2005;78(2):141-8.
  4. 4. Lee JH, Park S, Cheon S, Lee JH, Kim S, Hur DY, et al. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D₃ enhances NK susceptibility of human melanoma cells via Hsp60-mediated FAS expression. Eur J Immunol. 2011;41(10):2937-46.
  5. 5. Piotrowska A, Wierzbicka J, Nadkarni S, Brown G, Kutner A, Żmijewski MA. Antiproliferative Activity of Double Point Modified Analogs of 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D₂ Against Human Malignant Melanoma Cell Lines. Int J Mol Sci. 2016;17(1).
  6. 6. Podgorska E, Kim TK, Janjetovic Z, Urbanska K, Tuckey RC, Bae S, et al. Knocking out the Vitamin D Receptor Enhances Malignancy and Decreases Responsiveness to Vitamin D3 Hydroxyderivatives in Human Melanoma Cells. Cancers (Basel). 2021;13(13).
  7. 7. Ciążyńska M, Kamińska-Winciorek G, Lange D, Lewandowski B, Reich A, Sławińska M, et al. The incidence and clinical analysis of non-melanoma skin cancer. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):4337.
  8. 8. Scola L, Bongiorno MR, Forte GI, Aiello A, Accardi G, Scrimali C, et al. TGF-β/VEGF-A Genetic Variants Interplay in Genetic Susceptibility to Non-Melanocytic Skin Cancer. Genes (Basel). 2022;13(7).

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Tıp Eğitimi

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

11 Ağustos 2026

Gönderilme Tarihi

15 Aralık 2025

Kabul Tarihi

27 Nisan 2026

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2026 Cilt: 25 Sayı: 76

Kaynak Göster

APA
Akın, Ö., Baltacı, P., Peker, Ş., Hıdıroğlu, S., & Tanrıöver, Ö. (2026). Medical Students’ Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors Regarding Skin Cancer, Sun Exposure, and Vitamin D: An Evaluation for Curriculum Integration. Tıp Eğitimi Dünyası, 25(76), 56-65. https://doi.org/10.25282/ted.1841861
AMA
1.Akın Ö, Baltacı P, Peker Ş, Hıdıroğlu S, Tanrıöver Ö. Medical Students’ Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors Regarding Skin Cancer, Sun Exposure, and Vitamin D: An Evaluation for Curriculum Integration. TED. 2026;25(76):56-65. doi:10.25282/ted.1841861
Chicago
Akın, Özlem, Pelin Baltacı, Şükran Peker, Seyhan Hıdıroğlu, ve Özlem Tanrıöver. 2026. “Medical Students’ Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors Regarding Skin Cancer, Sun Exposure, and Vitamin D: An Evaluation for Curriculum Integration”. Tıp Eğitimi Dünyası 25 (76): 56-65. https://doi.org/10.25282/ted.1841861.
EndNote
Akın Ö, Baltacı P, Peker Ş, Hıdıroğlu S, Tanrıöver Ö (01 Ağustos 2026) Medical Students’ Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors Regarding Skin Cancer, Sun Exposure, and Vitamin D: An Evaluation for Curriculum Integration. Tıp Eğitimi Dünyası 25 76 56–65.
IEEE
[1]Ö. Akın, P. Baltacı, Ş. Peker, S. Hıdıroğlu, ve Ö. Tanrıöver, “Medical Students’ Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors Regarding Skin Cancer, Sun Exposure, and Vitamin D: An Evaluation for Curriculum Integration”, TED, c. 25, sy 76, ss. 56–65, Ağu. 2026, doi: 10.25282/ted.1841861.
ISNAD
Akın, Özlem - Baltacı, Pelin - Peker, Şükran - Hıdıroğlu, Seyhan - Tanrıöver, Özlem. “Medical Students’ Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors Regarding Skin Cancer, Sun Exposure, and Vitamin D: An Evaluation for Curriculum Integration”. Tıp Eğitimi Dünyası 25/76 (01 Ağustos 2026): 56-65. https://doi.org/10.25282/ted.1841861.
JAMA
1.Akın Ö, Baltacı P, Peker Ş, Hıdıroğlu S, Tanrıöver Ö. Medical Students’ Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors Regarding Skin Cancer, Sun Exposure, and Vitamin D: An Evaluation for Curriculum Integration. TED. 2026;25:56–65.
MLA
Akın, Özlem, vd. “Medical Students’ Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors Regarding Skin Cancer, Sun Exposure, and Vitamin D: An Evaluation for Curriculum Integration”. Tıp Eğitimi Dünyası, c. 25, sy 76, Ağustos 2026, ss. 56-65, doi:10.25282/ted.1841861.
Vancouver
1.Özlem Akın, Pelin Baltacı, Şükran Peker, Seyhan Hıdıroğlu, Özlem Tanrıöver. Medical Students’ Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors Regarding Skin Cancer, Sun Exposure, and Vitamin D: An Evaluation for Curriculum Integration. TED. 01 Ağustos 2026;25(76):56-65. doi:10.25282/ted.1841861