Hints from Learning Theories for Good and Effective Teaching in Medicine

Öz

There are several therotical explanations for “Learning Function” which is described as a change in the behaviour of a person through his or her living experience. Knowing how learning theories define the learning process will improve the effectivity of our teaching efforts. Beside the changes in political systems, population’s demographic characteristics, technology and health care systems, as an extention of the theoretical developments in educational sciences the new conceptions such as construction of knowledge, deep learning, reflection, metacognition, active learning emphasize not on teaching but learning. In this review we discuss the theoretical background of learning and teaching concepts and try to give basic suggestions on how good and effective teaching can be implemented in medical education.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Cognitive psychology, constructivism, behaviorism, good teaching, effective teaching, theories of teaching, teaching approaches

TIPTA İYİ VE ETKİLİ BİR ÖĞRETME İÇİN ÖĞRENME KURAMLARINDAN ÇIKARILABİLECEK BAZI İPUÇLARI

Öz

Bireyin kendi yaşantısı yoluyla davranışında meydana gelen değişme olarak adlandırılan öğrenme fonksiyonuna çeşitli kuramlar tarafından farklı açıklamalar getirilmektedir. Öğrenme kuramlarının öğrenme süreci hakkındaki farklı açıklamalarını bilmek, eğitim-öğretim süreçlerindeki verimi ve etkinliği artıracaktır. Politik sistemler, toplumun demografik özellikleri, teknoloji ve sağlık bakım sistemlerinin değişiminin yanı sıra, tarihsel süreçte eğitimbilimdeki kuramsal gelişimin uzantısı olan bilgiyi yapılandırma, derin öğrenme, yansıtma, öz düzenleme, aktif öğrenme gibi kavramlar öğretmeyi değil, öğrenmenin altını çizmektedir. Bu derlemede öğrenme ve öğretme kavramlarının kuramsal alt yapısı ile bu kuramların öğretme pratiğine nasıl yansıdığı tartışması üzerinden, tıpta iyi ve etkili öğretmenin nasıl olması gerektiği konusunda ana hatları ile bir öneri sunulmaya çalışılacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bilişsel psikoloji, yapılandırmacı model, davranışçı model, iyi öğretme, etkili öğretme, öğretme teorileri, öğretme yaklaşımları

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