Araştırma Makalesi
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The dark side of smartphone usage (Nomophobia): Do we need to worry about it?

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 54, 30 - 43, 30.04.2019
https://doi.org/10.25282/ted.513988

Öz

Aim: There are so many studies about psychological and sociological aspects of nomophobia. We also investigated sociodemographic aspects of nomophobia. The present study aimed to examine nomophobia among the medical students, and its relationship with different variables.

Methods: Participants in the study were 680 medical students from the Faculty of Medicine of Hacettepe University. The Nomophobia Questionnaire and the Satisfaction with Life Scale were used as data collection instruments.

Results and Conclusion: It was found that students had moderate nomophobia and nomophobia was related to academic achievement. Our findings indicated that the prevalence of nomophobia does not vary by gender, class standing and living arrangements, whereas showed that students’ nomophobia levels differed significantly with age, academic achievement, type of housing and carrying a phone charger. According to our findings, lots of suggestions were presented to practitioners and future studies.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Yıldırım S, Kişioğlu AN. New diseases due to technology: nomophobia, netlessphobia, FoMO. Medical Journal of SDU 2018; 1: 1-13. doi: 10.17343/sdutfd.380640
  • 2. King ALS, Valença AM, Nardi AE. Nomophobia: the mobile phone in panic disorder with agoraphobia: reducing phobias or worsening of dependence?. Cognitive, Behavioral Neurology 2010; 23(1): 52-54.
  • 3. King ALS, Valença, AM, Silva ACO, Baczynski T, Carvalho MR, Nardi AE. Nomophobia: Dependency on virtual environments or social phobia?. Computers in Human Behavior 2013; 29(1): 140-144.
  • 4. Yildirim C, Correia AP. Exploring the dimensions of nomophobia: Development, validation of a self-reported questionnaire. Computers in Human Behavior 2015; 49: 130- 137.
  • 5. Bragazzi NL, Puente GD. A proposal for including nomophobia in the new DSM-V. Psychological Research Behavior Management 2014; 7: 155–160.
  • 6. Riedl R, Mohr PN, Kenning PH, Davis FD, Heekeren HR. Trusting humans, avatars: A brain imaging study based on evolution theory. Journal of Management Information Systems 2014; 30(4): 83-114.
  • 7. Tams S, Legoux R, Léger PM. Smartphone withdrawal creates stress: A moderated mediation model of nomophobia, social threat,, phone withdrawal context. Computers in Human Behavior 2018; 81: 1-9.
  • 8. Emanuel R et al. The truth about smartphone addiction. College Student Journal, 2015; 49, 291-299.
  • 9. Lukacs A, Tavolacci MP, Kiss-Toth E, Sasvar P, Ladner J (2016, July) Internet addiction in university students: Cross-border study in Algeria, France, Hungary. Paper presented at 5th European Symposium on Substance Use, other Health Behaviours in Students Conference 30th June, 1st July 2016, Rouen, France.
  • 10. Spitzer M. M-Learning? When it comes to learning, smartphones are a liability, not an asset. Trends in Neuroscience, Education 2015; 4(4): 87-91.
  • 11. Rosen L, Carrier LM, Miller A, Rokkum J, Ruiz A. Sleeping with technology: cognitive, affective,, technology usage predictors of sleep problems among college students. Sleep Health 2016; 2(1): 49-56.
  • 12. Mendoza JS, Pody BC, Lee S, Kim M, McDonough IM. The effect of cellphones on attention, learning: The influences of time, distraction,, nomophobia. Computers in Human Behavior 2018; 86: 52-60.
  • 13. Prasad M, Patthi B, Singla A, Gupta R, Saha S, Kumar JK, ..., Pandita V. Nomophobia: a cross-sectional study to assess mobile phone usage among dental students. Journal of clinical, diagnostic research: JCDR 2017; 11(2): ZC34.
  • 14. Sharma N, Sharma P, Sharma N, Wavare RR. Rising concern of nomophobia amongst Indian medical students. International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 2017; 3(3): 705-707.
  • 15. Dixit S, Shukla H, Bhagwat AK, Bindal A, Goyal A, Zaidi AK, Shrivastava A. A study to evaluate mobile phone dependence among students of a medical college, associated hospital of central India. Indian journal of community medicine: official publication of Indian Association of Preventive, Social Medicine 2010; 35(2): 339-351.
  • 16. Pavithra MB, Madhukumar S, Mahadeva M. A study on nomophobia-mobile phone dependence, among students of a medical college in Bangalore. National Journal of community medicine 2015; 6(3): 340-344.
  • 17. Tams S, Hill K, de Guinea AO, Thatcher J, Grover V. Neuro-ISdalternative or complement to existing Methods? Illustrating the holistic effects of neuroscience, selfreported data in the context of technostress research. Journal of the Association for Information Systems 2014; 15(10): 723-752.
  • 18. Carrier L. M, Cheever NA, Rosen LD, Benitez S, Chang J. Multitasking across generations: Multitasking choices, difficulty ratings in three generations of Americans. Computers in Human Behavior 2009; 25: 483-489. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2008.10.012
  • 19. Thapa R, Codjoe J, Ishak S, McCarter KS. Post, during event effect of cellphone talking, texting on driving performanceda driving simulator study. Traffic Injury Prevention 2015; 16: 461-467. https://doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2014.969803.
  • 20. Froese AD, Carpenter CN, Inman DA, Schooley JR, Barnes RB, Brecht PW et al. Effects of classroom cellphone use on expected, actual learning. College Student Journal 2012; 46: 323-333.
  • 21. Dietz S, Henrich C. Texting as a distraction to learning in college students. Computers in Human Behavior 2014; 36: 163-167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.03.045.
  • 22. Lee YK, Chang CT, Lin Y, Cheng ZH. The dark side of smartphone usage: Psychological traits, compulsive behavior, technostress. Computers in Human Behavior 2014; 31: 373- 383. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2013.10.047.
  • 23. Thornton B, Faires A, Robbins M, Rollins E. The mere presence of a cellphone may be distracting. Social Psychology 2014; 45: 479-488. https://doi.org/10.1027/1864- 9335/a000216.
  • 24. Ward AF, Duke K, Gneezy A, Bos MW. Brain Drain: The mere presence of One's own smartphone reduces available cognitive capacity. Journal of the Association for Consumer Research 2017; 2: 140-154. https://doi.org/10.1086/691462.
  • 25. Argumosa, L, Boada J, Vigil-Colet R. Exploratory investigation of theoretical predictors of nomophobia using the Mobile Phone Involvement Questionnaire (MPIQ). Journal of adolescence, 2017; 56: 127-135.
  • 26. Salehan M, Negahban A. Social networking on smartphones: When mobile phones become addictive. Computers in Human Behavior 2013; 29(6): 2632-2639.
  • 27. Lepp A, Barkley JE, Karpinski, AC. The relationship between cell phone use, academic performance in a sample of US college students. Sage Open 2015; 5(1): 1-14.
  • 28. Samaha M, Hawi NS. Relationships among smartphone addiction, stress, academic performance,, satisfaction with life. Computers in Human Behavior 2016; 57: 321-325.
  • 29. Sırakaya M. Examination of Associate Students' Nomophobia Levels According to Smart Phone Use. Mersin University Journal of the Faculty of Education 2018; 14(2): 714-727.
  • 30. Adnan M, Gezgin DM. A modern phobia: Prevalence of nomophobia among college students. Egitim Bilimleri Fakultesi Dergisi 2016; 49(1): 141-152.
  • 31. Bianchi, A, Phillips JG. Psychological predictors of problem mobile phone use. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 2005, 8.1: 39-51.
  • 32. JB B, et al. Nomophobia-Do We Really Need to Worry About?. Reviews of Progress, 2013; 1: 27-32.
  • 33. Jacobsen WC, Forste R. The wired generation: Academic, social outcomes of electronic media use among university students. Cyberpsychology, Behavior,, Social Networking 2011; 14(5): 275-280.
  • 34. Büyüköztürk Ş, Çakmak EK, Akgün ÖE, Karadeniz Ş, Demirel F (2015) Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemleri (Scientific Research Methods), Ankara: Pegem.
  • 35. Yıldırım C, Şumuer E, Adnan M, Yıldırım S. A growing fear Prevalence of nomophobia among Turkish college students. Information Development 2016; 32(5): 1322-1331.
  • 36. Diener, E. Subjective Well-Being The Science of Happiness and a Proposal for a NationalIndex. American Psychologist, psycnet.apa.org, (2000) 37. Yetim U. Life satisfaction: A study based on the organization of personal projects. Social Indicators Research 1993; 29: 277-289.
  • 38. Farooqui IA, Pore P, Gothankar J. Nomophobia: an emerging issue in medical institutions?. Journal of Mental Health 2017; 12: 1-4.
  • 39. Tavolacci MP, Meyrignac G, Richard L, Dechelotte P, Ladner J. Problematic use of mobile phone, nomophobia among French college studentsMarie-Pierre Tavolacci. European Journal of Public Health 2015; 25(3): 12-21.
  • 40. Al-Samarraie H, Eldenfria A, Dawoud H. The impact of personality traits on users’ information-seeking behavior. Information Processing, Management 2017; 53(1): 237- 247.
  • 41. Ansong E, Lovia-Boateng S, Boateng R. Determinants of E-Learning Adoption in Universities: Evidence From a Developing Country. Journal of Educational Technology Systems 2017; 46(1): 30-60.
  • 42. Goh PS. eLearning or technology enhanced learning in medical education—Hope, not hype. Medical teacher 2016; 38(9), 957-958.
  • 43. McConnell. E-learning in Chinese higher education: the view from inside. Higher Education 2018; 75(6): 1031-1045.
  • 44. Arpaci, I. A comparative study of the effects of cultural differences on the adoption of mobile learning. British Journal of Educational Technology, 2015; 46.4: 699-712.
  • 45. Allen II, Seaman, J. (2013) Changing course: Ten years of tracking online education in the United States. Sloan Consortium. PO Box 1238, Newburyport, MA 01950, 2013.
  • 46. Moreno-Walton L, et al. Teaching across the generation gap: a consensus from the Council of Emergency Medicine Residency Directors 2009 academic assembly. Academic emergency medicine, 2009; 16: S19-S24.
  • 47. Sezer B, Yilmaz R. Learning management system acceptance scale (LMSAS): A validity, reliability study. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 2019; 35: 3-17.
  • 48. Sezer B. Faculty of medicine students' attitudes towards electronic learning, their opinion for an example of distance learning application. Computers in Human Behavior, 2016; 55: 932-939.
  • 49. Sezer B, Simsek N. The circumstances of using technological applications inside, outside of the faculty by physician, nurse candidates. Journal of Clinical and Analytical Medicine 2016; 7:13-19.
  • 50. Sethia S, Melwani V, Melwani S, Priya A, Gupta M, Khan A. A study to assess the degree of nomophobia among the undergraduate students of a medical college in Bhopal.International Journal of Community Medicine, Public Health 2018; 5(6): 2442-2445.
  • 51. SecurEnvoy. 66% of the population suffer from nomophobia the fear of being without their phone (2012).

Akıllı telefon kullanımının karanlık tarafı (Nomofobi): Endişelenmemize gerek var mı?

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 54, 30 - 43, 30.04.2019
https://doi.org/10.25282/ted.513988

Öz

Giriş ve Amaç: Nomofobinin sosyal ve psikolojik boyutları üzerine gerçekleştirilen çok sayıda araştırma mevcuttur. Bu araştırmada nomofobinin daha çok sosyodemografik boyutu üzerinde odaklanılmıştır. Tıp Fakültesi öğrencilerinin nomofobi düzeylerinin çeşitli değişkenlerle ilişkisinin ortaya koyulması amaçlanmıştır.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırmanın katılımcılarını Hacettepe Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesinde öğrenimine devam eden 680 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Veri toplama aracı olarak Nomofobi ve Yaşam Doyum Ölçeği kullanılmıştır.

Bulgular ve Sonuç: Çalışmada hekim adaylarının nomofobi düzeylerinin orta düzeyde olduğu saptanmış olup, nomofobinin akademik başarı ile ilgisi olduğu belirlenmiştir. Araştırmada cinsiyet, sınıf düzeyi ve birlikte yaşanılan kişi değişkenleri açısından öğrencilerin nomofobi düzeyleri açısından anlamlı farklılıklar bulunmazken, yaş, akademik başarı, yaşanılan yer ve yanında şarj aleti bulundurma değişkenleri açısından öğrencilerin nomofobi düzeyleri açısından anlamlı farklılıklar bulunmuştur.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Yıldırım S, Kişioğlu AN. New diseases due to technology: nomophobia, netlessphobia, FoMO. Medical Journal of SDU 2018; 1: 1-13. doi: 10.17343/sdutfd.380640
  • 2. King ALS, Valença AM, Nardi AE. Nomophobia: the mobile phone in panic disorder with agoraphobia: reducing phobias or worsening of dependence?. Cognitive, Behavioral Neurology 2010; 23(1): 52-54.
  • 3. King ALS, Valença, AM, Silva ACO, Baczynski T, Carvalho MR, Nardi AE. Nomophobia: Dependency on virtual environments or social phobia?. Computers in Human Behavior 2013; 29(1): 140-144.
  • 4. Yildirim C, Correia AP. Exploring the dimensions of nomophobia: Development, validation of a self-reported questionnaire. Computers in Human Behavior 2015; 49: 130- 137.
  • 5. Bragazzi NL, Puente GD. A proposal for including nomophobia in the new DSM-V. Psychological Research Behavior Management 2014; 7: 155–160.
  • 6. Riedl R, Mohr PN, Kenning PH, Davis FD, Heekeren HR. Trusting humans, avatars: A brain imaging study based on evolution theory. Journal of Management Information Systems 2014; 30(4): 83-114.
  • 7. Tams S, Legoux R, Léger PM. Smartphone withdrawal creates stress: A moderated mediation model of nomophobia, social threat,, phone withdrawal context. Computers in Human Behavior 2018; 81: 1-9.
  • 8. Emanuel R et al. The truth about smartphone addiction. College Student Journal, 2015; 49, 291-299.
  • 9. Lukacs A, Tavolacci MP, Kiss-Toth E, Sasvar P, Ladner J (2016, July) Internet addiction in university students: Cross-border study in Algeria, France, Hungary. Paper presented at 5th European Symposium on Substance Use, other Health Behaviours in Students Conference 30th June, 1st July 2016, Rouen, France.
  • 10. Spitzer M. M-Learning? When it comes to learning, smartphones are a liability, not an asset. Trends in Neuroscience, Education 2015; 4(4): 87-91.
  • 11. Rosen L, Carrier LM, Miller A, Rokkum J, Ruiz A. Sleeping with technology: cognitive, affective,, technology usage predictors of sleep problems among college students. Sleep Health 2016; 2(1): 49-56.
  • 12. Mendoza JS, Pody BC, Lee S, Kim M, McDonough IM. The effect of cellphones on attention, learning: The influences of time, distraction,, nomophobia. Computers in Human Behavior 2018; 86: 52-60.
  • 13. Prasad M, Patthi B, Singla A, Gupta R, Saha S, Kumar JK, ..., Pandita V. Nomophobia: a cross-sectional study to assess mobile phone usage among dental students. Journal of clinical, diagnostic research: JCDR 2017; 11(2): ZC34.
  • 14. Sharma N, Sharma P, Sharma N, Wavare RR. Rising concern of nomophobia amongst Indian medical students. International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 2017; 3(3): 705-707.
  • 15. Dixit S, Shukla H, Bhagwat AK, Bindal A, Goyal A, Zaidi AK, Shrivastava A. A study to evaluate mobile phone dependence among students of a medical college, associated hospital of central India. Indian journal of community medicine: official publication of Indian Association of Preventive, Social Medicine 2010; 35(2): 339-351.
  • 16. Pavithra MB, Madhukumar S, Mahadeva M. A study on nomophobia-mobile phone dependence, among students of a medical college in Bangalore. National Journal of community medicine 2015; 6(3): 340-344.
  • 17. Tams S, Hill K, de Guinea AO, Thatcher J, Grover V. Neuro-ISdalternative or complement to existing Methods? Illustrating the holistic effects of neuroscience, selfreported data in the context of technostress research. Journal of the Association for Information Systems 2014; 15(10): 723-752.
  • 18. Carrier L. M, Cheever NA, Rosen LD, Benitez S, Chang J. Multitasking across generations: Multitasking choices, difficulty ratings in three generations of Americans. Computers in Human Behavior 2009; 25: 483-489. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2008.10.012
  • 19. Thapa R, Codjoe J, Ishak S, McCarter KS. Post, during event effect of cellphone talking, texting on driving performanceda driving simulator study. Traffic Injury Prevention 2015; 16: 461-467. https://doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2014.969803.
  • 20. Froese AD, Carpenter CN, Inman DA, Schooley JR, Barnes RB, Brecht PW et al. Effects of classroom cellphone use on expected, actual learning. College Student Journal 2012; 46: 323-333.
  • 21. Dietz S, Henrich C. Texting as a distraction to learning in college students. Computers in Human Behavior 2014; 36: 163-167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.03.045.
  • 22. Lee YK, Chang CT, Lin Y, Cheng ZH. The dark side of smartphone usage: Psychological traits, compulsive behavior, technostress. Computers in Human Behavior 2014; 31: 373- 383. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2013.10.047.
  • 23. Thornton B, Faires A, Robbins M, Rollins E. The mere presence of a cellphone may be distracting. Social Psychology 2014; 45: 479-488. https://doi.org/10.1027/1864- 9335/a000216.
  • 24. Ward AF, Duke K, Gneezy A, Bos MW. Brain Drain: The mere presence of One's own smartphone reduces available cognitive capacity. Journal of the Association for Consumer Research 2017; 2: 140-154. https://doi.org/10.1086/691462.
  • 25. Argumosa, L, Boada J, Vigil-Colet R. Exploratory investigation of theoretical predictors of nomophobia using the Mobile Phone Involvement Questionnaire (MPIQ). Journal of adolescence, 2017; 56: 127-135.
  • 26. Salehan M, Negahban A. Social networking on smartphones: When mobile phones become addictive. Computers in Human Behavior 2013; 29(6): 2632-2639.
  • 27. Lepp A, Barkley JE, Karpinski, AC. The relationship between cell phone use, academic performance in a sample of US college students. Sage Open 2015; 5(1): 1-14.
  • 28. Samaha M, Hawi NS. Relationships among smartphone addiction, stress, academic performance,, satisfaction with life. Computers in Human Behavior 2016; 57: 321-325.
  • 29. Sırakaya M. Examination of Associate Students' Nomophobia Levels According to Smart Phone Use. Mersin University Journal of the Faculty of Education 2018; 14(2): 714-727.
  • 30. Adnan M, Gezgin DM. A modern phobia: Prevalence of nomophobia among college students. Egitim Bilimleri Fakultesi Dergisi 2016; 49(1): 141-152.
  • 31. Bianchi, A, Phillips JG. Psychological predictors of problem mobile phone use. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 2005, 8.1: 39-51.
  • 32. JB B, et al. Nomophobia-Do We Really Need to Worry About?. Reviews of Progress, 2013; 1: 27-32.
  • 33. Jacobsen WC, Forste R. The wired generation: Academic, social outcomes of electronic media use among university students. Cyberpsychology, Behavior,, Social Networking 2011; 14(5): 275-280.
  • 34. Büyüköztürk Ş, Çakmak EK, Akgün ÖE, Karadeniz Ş, Demirel F (2015) Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemleri (Scientific Research Methods), Ankara: Pegem.
  • 35. Yıldırım C, Şumuer E, Adnan M, Yıldırım S. A growing fear Prevalence of nomophobia among Turkish college students. Information Development 2016; 32(5): 1322-1331.
  • 36. Diener, E. Subjective Well-Being The Science of Happiness and a Proposal for a NationalIndex. American Psychologist, psycnet.apa.org, (2000) 37. Yetim U. Life satisfaction: A study based on the organization of personal projects. Social Indicators Research 1993; 29: 277-289.
  • 38. Farooqui IA, Pore P, Gothankar J. Nomophobia: an emerging issue in medical institutions?. Journal of Mental Health 2017; 12: 1-4.
  • 39. Tavolacci MP, Meyrignac G, Richard L, Dechelotte P, Ladner J. Problematic use of mobile phone, nomophobia among French college studentsMarie-Pierre Tavolacci. European Journal of Public Health 2015; 25(3): 12-21.
  • 40. Al-Samarraie H, Eldenfria A, Dawoud H. The impact of personality traits on users’ information-seeking behavior. Information Processing, Management 2017; 53(1): 237- 247.
  • 41. Ansong E, Lovia-Boateng S, Boateng R. Determinants of E-Learning Adoption in Universities: Evidence From a Developing Country. Journal of Educational Technology Systems 2017; 46(1): 30-60.
  • 42. Goh PS. eLearning or technology enhanced learning in medical education—Hope, not hype. Medical teacher 2016; 38(9), 957-958.
  • 43. McConnell. E-learning in Chinese higher education: the view from inside. Higher Education 2018; 75(6): 1031-1045.
  • 44. Arpaci, I. A comparative study of the effects of cultural differences on the adoption of mobile learning. British Journal of Educational Technology, 2015; 46.4: 699-712.
  • 45. Allen II, Seaman, J. (2013) Changing course: Ten years of tracking online education in the United States. Sloan Consortium. PO Box 1238, Newburyport, MA 01950, 2013.
  • 46. Moreno-Walton L, et al. Teaching across the generation gap: a consensus from the Council of Emergency Medicine Residency Directors 2009 academic assembly. Academic emergency medicine, 2009; 16: S19-S24.
  • 47. Sezer B, Yilmaz R. Learning management system acceptance scale (LMSAS): A validity, reliability study. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 2019; 35: 3-17.
  • 48. Sezer B. Faculty of medicine students' attitudes towards electronic learning, their opinion for an example of distance learning application. Computers in Human Behavior, 2016; 55: 932-939.
  • 49. Sezer B, Simsek N. The circumstances of using technological applications inside, outside of the faculty by physician, nurse candidates. Journal of Clinical and Analytical Medicine 2016; 7:13-19.
  • 50. Sethia S, Melwani V, Melwani S, Priya A, Gupta M, Khan A. A study to assess the degree of nomophobia among the undergraduate students of a medical college in Bhopal.International Journal of Community Medicine, Public Health 2018; 5(6): 2442-2445.
  • 51. SecurEnvoy. 66% of the population suffer from nomophobia the fear of being without their phone (2012).
Toplam 50 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Orjinal Araştırma
Yazarlar

Barış Sezer 0000-0003-0695-0819

Bürge Atılgan Çiftçi

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Nisan 2019
Gönderilme Tarihi 17 Ocak 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019 Cilt: 18 Sayı: 54

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver Sezer B, Atılgan Çiftçi B. The dark side of smartphone usage (Nomophobia): Do we need to worry about it?. TED. 2019;18(54):30-43.

Cited By