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Wellbeing Strategies for Women Educators: A Resilience-Centered Framework to Empower Teachers and Students

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 3, 7 - 20, 30.06.2023

Öz

Even though female educators constitute a significant majority of the educator population worldwide, very little attention has been directed until now to their distinct socio-psychological needs when dealing with stress and burnout, the more so during the COVID-19 outbreak. This study examines the current state of research for gender specific support of women educators suffering from stress. Resilience-centred strategies, both personal and societal, are substantiated as positive correlates to wellbeing and empowerment outcomes. Using these findings, a multi-dimensional, gender-specific intervention is proposed with five overarching aims–emotional intelligence, growth mindset, mindfulness, professional learning communities, and mentoring. NeuroLearningPow-
er, an evidence-based framework is suggested as a means to support female educators to thrive.

Kaynakça

  • Acton, R., & Glasgow, P. (2015). Teacher wellbeing in neoliberal contexts: A review of the literature. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 40(40). https://doi.org/10.14221/ ajte.2015v40n8.6
  • All4Ed. (2014, July 17). Teacher attrition costs United States up to $2.2 billion annually, says new alliance report. Retrieved February 13, 2023, from https://all4ed.org/press_release/ teacher-attrition-costs-united-states-up-to-2-2-billion-annually-says-new-alliance-report/
  • American Federation of Teachers. (2015). Quality of work-life survey. https://www.aft.org/ sites/default/files/worklifesurveyresults2015.pdf
  • Antoniou, A., Polychroni, F., & Vlachakis, A. (2006). Gender and age differences in occupational stress and professional burnout between primary and high-school teachers in Greece. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 21(7), 682-690. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683940610690213
  • Archibong, I. A., Effiom, D. G., & Offiong, B. A. (2010). Occupational stress sources among university academic staff. European Journal of Educational Studies, 2(3).
  • Ballenger, J. (2010). Women’s Access to Higher Education Leadership: Cultural and Structural Barriers. Forum Policy, 2010(5). Retrieved from
  • Battams, S., Roche, A. M., Fischer, J. A., Lee, N. K., Cameron, J., & Kostadinov, V. (2014). Workplace risk factors for anxiety and depression in male-dominated industries: A systematic review. Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine, 2(1), 983-1008. https://doi.org/10.1080/21642850.2014.954579
  • Beltman, S. (2020). Understanding and examining teacher resilience from multiple perspectives. Cultivating Teacher Resilience, 11-26. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5963-1_2
  • Brannan, D., & Bleistein, T. (2012). Novice ESOL teachers’ perceptions of social support networks. TESOL Quarterly, 46(3), 519-541. https://doi.org/10.1002/tesq.40
  • Cottam, M. L., Mastors, E., Preston, T., & Dietz, B. (2022). Cognition, social identity, emotions, and attitudes in political psychology. Introduction to Political Psychology, 48-81. doi:10.4324/97804292446433
  • Courtney, A. L., & Meyer, M. L. (2019). Self-other representation in the social brain reflects social connection. https://doi.org/10.1101/856856
  • Cullen, D. L., & Luna, G. (1993). Women mentoring in academe: Addressing the gender gap in higher education. Gender and Education, 5(2), 125-137. doi:10.1080/0954025930050201
  • Dagar, N., and Mathur. M. (2016). Mental Health of School Teachers In Relation to Their Sex and Type of School. International Journal of Educational Planning & Administration, 6(1), 49-53. Retrieved from http://www.ripublication.com/ijepa16/ijepav6n1_08.pdf49-53
  • Dempsey, M., & Burke, J. (2021). Lessons Learned: The experiences of teachers in Ireland during the 2020 pandemic. National University of Ireland, Maynooth. https://www. researchgate.net/publication/349002494_Lessons_Learned_The_experiences_of_teachers_in_Ireland_during_the_2020_pandemic
  • Dickey, R. J. (2016). Reflections on ESOL leadership: where we have been, where we are, and where we are going. Fourth Estate, 32(4), 31-33.
  • Donovan, R. (2018). Perceptions of stress, workload, and job satisfaction among HSS faculty: Executive summary. Kennesaw University. Retrieved from https://radow.kennesaw.edu/ docs/faculty-staff/admin-fellows_donovan_exec-summary.pdf
  • DuBois, A. L., & Mistretta, M. A. (2019). Compassion fatigue. Overcoming Burnout and Compassion Fatigue in Schools, 59-76. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351030021-5
  • Dunbar, R. I. (1998). The social brain hypothesis. Evolutionary Anthropology: Issues, News, and Reviews, 6(5), 178-190. https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1520-6505(1998)6:5<178::aidevan5>3.0.co;2-8
  • Eddleston, K. A., Veiga, J. F., & Powell, G. N. (2006). Explaining sex differences in managerial career satisfier preferences: The role of gender self-schema. Journal of Applied Psychology, 91(2), 437-445. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.91.2.437
  • European Commission. (2019, October 4). Teachers in the EU. Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/products-eurostat-news
  • Frenzel, A. C., Daniels, L., & Burić, I. (2021). Teacher emotions in the classroom and their implications for students. Educational Psychologist, 56(4), 250-264. https://doi.org/10.1080/00461520.2021.1985501
  • Gallup. (2019, December 17). State of America’s schools report. Gallup.com. Retrieved December 1, 2022, from https://www.gallup.com/education/269648/state-america-schools-report.aspx?thank-you-report-form=1
  • García-Álvarez, D., Soler, M. J., & Achard-Braga, L. (2021). Psychological well-being in teachers during and post-covid-19: Positive psychology interventions. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.769363
  • Gilmore, G., Welsh, S., & Loton, D. (2018). An Australian case for relational resilience. Building academic pathways in first year, preservice teacher education. Pedagogy, Culture & Society, 27(3), 441-461. doi:10.1080/14681366.2018.1522365
  • Gu, Q. (2014). The role of relational resilience in teachers’ career-long commitment and effectiveness. Teachers and Teaching, 20(5), 502-529. https://doi.org/10.1080/13540602.2014.937961
  • Gu, Q., & Day, C. (2013). Challenges to teacher resilience: Conditions count. British Educational Research Journal, 39(1), 22-44. https://doi.org/10.1080/01411926.2011.623152
  • Hansman, C. A. (1998). Mentoring and women’s career development. New Directions for Adult and Continuing Education, 1998(80), 63-71. doi:10.1002/ace.8007
  • Harding, S., Morris, R., Gunnell, D., Ford, T., Hollingworth, W., Tilling, K., & Kidger, J.(2019). Are teachers’ mental health and well-being associated with students’ mental health and well-being? Journal of Affective Disorders, 242, 180-187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2018.08.080
  • Howard, S., & Johnson, B. (2004). Resilient teachers: Resisting stress and burnout. Social Psychology of Education, 7(4), 399-420. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11218-004-0975-0
  • Hughes, J. N., & Kwok, O. (2006). Classroom engagement mediates the effect of teacher–student support on elementary students’ peer acceptance: A prospective analysis. Journal of School Psychology, 43(6), 465-480. doi:10.1016/j.jsp.2005.10.001
  • Johnson, D. S., Johnson, A. D., Crossney, K. B., & Devereux, E. (2021). Women in higher education: A brief report on stress during COVID-19. Management in Education, 089202062110194. https://doi.org/10.1177/08920206211019401
  • Jordan, J. V. (2004). The complexity of connection: Writings from the stone center’s Jean Baker Miller training institute. In J. V. Jordan, L. M. Hartling, & M. Walker (Eds.), Relational resilience. Guilford Press.
  • Kemeny, M. E., Foltz, C., Cavanagh, J. F., Cullen, M., Giese-Davis, J., Jennings, P., … Ekman, P. (2012). Contemplative/emotion training reduces negative emotional behavior and promotes prosocial responses. Emotion, 12(2), 338-350. doi:10.1037/a0026118
  • Klusmann, U., Richter, D., & Lüdtke, O. (2016). Teachers’ emotional exhaustion is negatively related to students’ achievement: Evidence from a large-scale assessment study. Journal of Educational Psychology, 108(8), 1193-1203. doi:10.1037/edu0000125
  • Kostić-Bobanović, M. (2020). Perceived emotional intelligence and self-efficacy among novice and experienced foreign language teachers. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja, 33(1), 1200-1213. https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677x.2019.1710232
  • Le Cornu, R. (2013). Building early career teacher resilience: The role of relationships. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 38(4). https://doi.org/10.14221/ajte.2013v38n4.4
  • Le Nestour, A., & Moscoviz, L. (2020, March 6). Six things you should know about female teachers. Center of Global Development | Ideas to Action. Retrieved from https://www.cgdev.org/blog/six things-you-should-know-about-female-teachers
  • Lhospital, A. S., & Gregory, A. (2009). Changes in teacher stress through participation in pre-referral intervention teams. Psychology in the Schools, 46(10), 1098-1112. https://doi. org/10.1002/pits.20455
  • Li, Z. (2021). Teacher well-being in EFL/ESL classrooms. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.732412
  • Mansfield, C., Papatraianou, L., McDonough, S., & King, L. (2018). Building resilience in times of uncertainty and complexity: Teacher educator perceptions of pre-service teacher resilience. Teacher Education In and For Uncertain Times, 83-98. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8648-9_6
  • Mercer, S. (2020). The wellbeing of language teachers in the private sector: An ecological perspective. Language Teaching Research, 136216882097351. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362168820973510
  • Miller, J. B. (1986). Toward a new psychology of women (2nd ed.). Boston: Beacon Press (MA).
  • National Center for Education Statistics. (2021, May). COE - Characteristics of public school teachers. U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences. https://nces.ed.gov/programs/coe/indicator/clr
  • NCES. (2021, May). Characteristics of Public School Teachers. National Center for Education Statistics (NCES, a part of the U.S. Department of education. Retrieved from https://nces. ed.gov/surveys/annualreports
  • Nguyen, H. T. (2013). Peer mentoring: A way forward for supporting Pre Service Efl teachers Psychosocially during the practicum. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 38(7). https://doi.org/10.14221/ajte.2013v38n7.3
  • Noble, T., Wyatt, T., McGrath, H., Roffey, S., & Rowling, L. (2008). A scoping study into approaches to student wellbeing: Final report. Canberra: Department of Education, Employment & Workplace Relations. https://docs.education.gov.au/documents/scoping-study-approaches-student-wellbeing-final-report retrieved on 15 August 2022
  • Owen, S. (2016). Professional learning communities: Building skills, reinvigorating the passion, and nurturing teacher wellbeing and “flourishing” within significantly innovative school-ing contexts. Educational Review, 68(4), 403-419. doi:10.1080/00131911.2015.1119101
  • Papatraianou, L. H., & Le Cornu, R. (2014). Problematizing the role of personal and professional relationships in early career teacher resilience. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 39(1). https://doi.org/10.14221/ajte.2014v39n1.7
  • Putwain, D. W., & Symes, W. (2010). Teachers’ use of fear appeals in the mathematics classroom: Worrying or motivating students? British Journal of Educational Psychology, 81(3), 456-474. doi:10.1348/2044-8279.002005
  • Raitskaya, L., & Tikhonova, E. (2019, June). Emotional Burnout of Female Teachers and their Coping Strategies [Paper presentation]. 16th International Conference on Efficiency and Responsibility in Education, Prague, Czech Republic.
  • Seligman, M. E. (2012). Flourish A visionary new understanding of happiness and well-being. New York: Simon & Schuster.
  • Simons, J. (2016, September 18). The importance of teachers: A collection of essays on teacher recruitment and retention. Policy Exchange. https://policyexchange.org.uk/publication/ the-importance-of-teachers-a-collection-of-essays-on-teacher-recruitment-and-retention/
  • Smetackova, I. (2017). Self-efficacy and burnout syndrome among teachers. The European Journal of Social & Behavioural Sciences, 20(3), 228-241. https://doi.org/10.15405/ejsbs.219
  • Sulis, G., Mercer, S., Mairitsch, A., Babic, S., & Shin, S. (2021). Pre-service language teacher wellbeing as a complex dynamic system. The system, 103, 102642. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. system.2021.102642
  • Twenge, J. M., Cooper, A. B., Joiner, T. E., Duffy, M. E., & Binau, S. G. (2019). Age, period, and cohort trends in mood disorder indicators and suicide-related outcomes in a nationally representative dataset, 2005–2017. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 128(3), 185-199. https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0000410
  • VanderWeele, T. J. (2017). On the promotion of human flourishing. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 114(31), 8148-8156. doi:10.1073/pnas.1702996114
  • WHO. (2021, November 17). Adolescent mental health. World Health Organization (WHO).https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/adolescent-mental-health#:~:text=It%20is%20estimated%20that%203.6,and%20unexpected%20changes%20in%20mood
  • Wilson, S., & Dumornay, N. M. (2022). Rising rates of adolescent depression in the United States: Challenges and opportunities in the 2020s. Journal of Adolescent Health, 70(3), 354-355. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2021.12.003
  • Zippia. (2022, September 9). ESL teacher demographics and statistics [2022]: Number of ESL teachers in the US. Zippia - Find Jobs, Salaries, Companies, Resume Help, Career Paths and More. https://www.zippia.com/esl-teacher-jobs/demographics/

Kadın Eğitimciler İçin İyilik Hali Stratejileri: Öğretmenleri ve Öğrencileri Güçlendirmek İçin Esneklik Merkezli Bir Çerçeve

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 3, 7 - 20, 30.06.2023

Öz

Kadın eğitimciler dünya çapında eğitimci nüfusunun önemli bir çoğunluğunu oluştursa da, COVID-19 salgını sırasında daha da belirgin olmak üzere, stres ve tükenmişlikle başa çıkarken farklı sosyo-psikolojik ihtiyaçlarına şimdiye kadar çok az ilgi gösterilmiştir. Bu çalışma, stresten etkilenen kadın eğitimcilerin cinsiyete özel olarak desteklenmesine yönelik araştırmaların mevcut durumunu incelemektedir. Hem kişisel hem de toplumsal dayanıklılık merkezli stratejilerin, refah ve güçlendirme sonuçlarıyla pozitif ilişkili olduğu kanıtlanmıştır. Bu bulgulardan hareketle, duygusal zeka, büyüme zihniyeti, farkındalık, profesyonel öğrenme toplulukları ve mentorluk olmak üzere beş kapsayıcı amacı olan çok boyutlu, cinsiyete özgü bir müdahale önerilmektedir. Kanıta dayalı bir çerçeve olan NeuroLearningPower, kadın eğitimcilerin gelişmesini desteklemek için bir araç olarak sunulmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Acton, R., & Glasgow, P. (2015). Teacher wellbeing in neoliberal contexts: A review of the literature. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 40(40). https://doi.org/10.14221/ ajte.2015v40n8.6
  • All4Ed. (2014, July 17). Teacher attrition costs United States up to $2.2 billion annually, says new alliance report. Retrieved February 13, 2023, from https://all4ed.org/press_release/ teacher-attrition-costs-united-states-up-to-2-2-billion-annually-says-new-alliance-report/
  • American Federation of Teachers. (2015). Quality of work-life survey. https://www.aft.org/ sites/default/files/worklifesurveyresults2015.pdf
  • Antoniou, A., Polychroni, F., & Vlachakis, A. (2006). Gender and age differences in occupational stress and professional burnout between primary and high-school teachers in Greece. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 21(7), 682-690. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683940610690213
  • Archibong, I. A., Effiom, D. G., & Offiong, B. A. (2010). Occupational stress sources among university academic staff. European Journal of Educational Studies, 2(3).
  • Ballenger, J. (2010). Women’s Access to Higher Education Leadership: Cultural and Structural Barriers. Forum Policy, 2010(5). Retrieved from
  • Battams, S., Roche, A. M., Fischer, J. A., Lee, N. K., Cameron, J., & Kostadinov, V. (2014). Workplace risk factors for anxiety and depression in male-dominated industries: A systematic review. Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine, 2(1), 983-1008. https://doi.org/10.1080/21642850.2014.954579
  • Beltman, S. (2020). Understanding and examining teacher resilience from multiple perspectives. Cultivating Teacher Resilience, 11-26. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5963-1_2
  • Brannan, D., & Bleistein, T. (2012). Novice ESOL teachers’ perceptions of social support networks. TESOL Quarterly, 46(3), 519-541. https://doi.org/10.1002/tesq.40
  • Cottam, M. L., Mastors, E., Preston, T., & Dietz, B. (2022). Cognition, social identity, emotions, and attitudes in political psychology. Introduction to Political Psychology, 48-81. doi:10.4324/97804292446433
  • Courtney, A. L., & Meyer, M. L. (2019). Self-other representation in the social brain reflects social connection. https://doi.org/10.1101/856856
  • Cullen, D. L., & Luna, G. (1993). Women mentoring in academe: Addressing the gender gap in higher education. Gender and Education, 5(2), 125-137. doi:10.1080/0954025930050201
  • Dagar, N., and Mathur. M. (2016). Mental Health of School Teachers In Relation to Their Sex and Type of School. International Journal of Educational Planning & Administration, 6(1), 49-53. Retrieved from http://www.ripublication.com/ijepa16/ijepav6n1_08.pdf49-53
  • Dempsey, M., & Burke, J. (2021). Lessons Learned: The experiences of teachers in Ireland during the 2020 pandemic. National University of Ireland, Maynooth. https://www. researchgate.net/publication/349002494_Lessons_Learned_The_experiences_of_teachers_in_Ireland_during_the_2020_pandemic
  • Dickey, R. J. (2016). Reflections on ESOL leadership: where we have been, where we are, and where we are going. Fourth Estate, 32(4), 31-33.
  • Donovan, R. (2018). Perceptions of stress, workload, and job satisfaction among HSS faculty: Executive summary. Kennesaw University. Retrieved from https://radow.kennesaw.edu/ docs/faculty-staff/admin-fellows_donovan_exec-summary.pdf
  • DuBois, A. L., & Mistretta, M. A. (2019). Compassion fatigue. Overcoming Burnout and Compassion Fatigue in Schools, 59-76. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351030021-5
  • Dunbar, R. I. (1998). The social brain hypothesis. Evolutionary Anthropology: Issues, News, and Reviews, 6(5), 178-190. https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1520-6505(1998)6:5<178::aidevan5>3.0.co;2-8
  • Eddleston, K. A., Veiga, J. F., & Powell, G. N. (2006). Explaining sex differences in managerial career satisfier preferences: The role of gender self-schema. Journal of Applied Psychology, 91(2), 437-445. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.91.2.437
  • European Commission. (2019, October 4). Teachers in the EU. Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/products-eurostat-news
  • Frenzel, A. C., Daniels, L., & Burić, I. (2021). Teacher emotions in the classroom and their implications for students. Educational Psychologist, 56(4), 250-264. https://doi.org/10.1080/00461520.2021.1985501
  • Gallup. (2019, December 17). State of America’s schools report. Gallup.com. Retrieved December 1, 2022, from https://www.gallup.com/education/269648/state-america-schools-report.aspx?thank-you-report-form=1
  • García-Álvarez, D., Soler, M. J., & Achard-Braga, L. (2021). Psychological well-being in teachers during and post-covid-19: Positive psychology interventions. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.769363
  • Gilmore, G., Welsh, S., & Loton, D. (2018). An Australian case for relational resilience. Building academic pathways in first year, preservice teacher education. Pedagogy, Culture & Society, 27(3), 441-461. doi:10.1080/14681366.2018.1522365
  • Gu, Q. (2014). The role of relational resilience in teachers’ career-long commitment and effectiveness. Teachers and Teaching, 20(5), 502-529. https://doi.org/10.1080/13540602.2014.937961
  • Gu, Q., & Day, C. (2013). Challenges to teacher resilience: Conditions count. British Educational Research Journal, 39(1), 22-44. https://doi.org/10.1080/01411926.2011.623152
  • Hansman, C. A. (1998). Mentoring and women’s career development. New Directions for Adult and Continuing Education, 1998(80), 63-71. doi:10.1002/ace.8007
  • Harding, S., Morris, R., Gunnell, D., Ford, T., Hollingworth, W., Tilling, K., & Kidger, J.(2019). Are teachers’ mental health and well-being associated with students’ mental health and well-being? Journal of Affective Disorders, 242, 180-187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2018.08.080
  • Howard, S., & Johnson, B. (2004). Resilient teachers: Resisting stress and burnout. Social Psychology of Education, 7(4), 399-420. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11218-004-0975-0
  • Hughes, J. N., & Kwok, O. (2006). Classroom engagement mediates the effect of teacher–student support on elementary students’ peer acceptance: A prospective analysis. Journal of School Psychology, 43(6), 465-480. doi:10.1016/j.jsp.2005.10.001
  • Johnson, D. S., Johnson, A. D., Crossney, K. B., & Devereux, E. (2021). Women in higher education: A brief report on stress during COVID-19. Management in Education, 089202062110194. https://doi.org/10.1177/08920206211019401
  • Jordan, J. V. (2004). The complexity of connection: Writings from the stone center’s Jean Baker Miller training institute. In J. V. Jordan, L. M. Hartling, & M. Walker (Eds.), Relational resilience. Guilford Press.
  • Kemeny, M. E., Foltz, C., Cavanagh, J. F., Cullen, M., Giese-Davis, J., Jennings, P., … Ekman, P. (2012). Contemplative/emotion training reduces negative emotional behavior and promotes prosocial responses. Emotion, 12(2), 338-350. doi:10.1037/a0026118
  • Klusmann, U., Richter, D., & Lüdtke, O. (2016). Teachers’ emotional exhaustion is negatively related to students’ achievement: Evidence from a large-scale assessment study. Journal of Educational Psychology, 108(8), 1193-1203. doi:10.1037/edu0000125
  • Kostić-Bobanović, M. (2020). Perceived emotional intelligence and self-efficacy among novice and experienced foreign language teachers. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja, 33(1), 1200-1213. https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677x.2019.1710232
  • Le Cornu, R. (2013). Building early career teacher resilience: The role of relationships. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 38(4). https://doi.org/10.14221/ajte.2013v38n4.4
  • Le Nestour, A., & Moscoviz, L. (2020, March 6). Six things you should know about female teachers. Center of Global Development | Ideas to Action. Retrieved from https://www.cgdev.org/blog/six things-you-should-know-about-female-teachers
  • Lhospital, A. S., & Gregory, A. (2009). Changes in teacher stress through participation in pre-referral intervention teams. Psychology in the Schools, 46(10), 1098-1112. https://doi. org/10.1002/pits.20455
  • Li, Z. (2021). Teacher well-being in EFL/ESL classrooms. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.732412
  • Mansfield, C., Papatraianou, L., McDonough, S., & King, L. (2018). Building resilience in times of uncertainty and complexity: Teacher educator perceptions of pre-service teacher resilience. Teacher Education In and For Uncertain Times, 83-98. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8648-9_6
  • Mercer, S. (2020). The wellbeing of language teachers in the private sector: An ecological perspective. Language Teaching Research, 136216882097351. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362168820973510
  • Miller, J. B. (1986). Toward a new psychology of women (2nd ed.). Boston: Beacon Press (MA).
  • National Center for Education Statistics. (2021, May). COE - Characteristics of public school teachers. U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences. https://nces.ed.gov/programs/coe/indicator/clr
  • NCES. (2021, May). Characteristics of Public School Teachers. National Center for Education Statistics (NCES, a part of the U.S. Department of education. Retrieved from https://nces. ed.gov/surveys/annualreports
  • Nguyen, H. T. (2013). Peer mentoring: A way forward for supporting Pre Service Efl teachers Psychosocially during the practicum. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 38(7). https://doi.org/10.14221/ajte.2013v38n7.3
  • Noble, T., Wyatt, T., McGrath, H., Roffey, S., & Rowling, L. (2008). A scoping study into approaches to student wellbeing: Final report. Canberra: Department of Education, Employment & Workplace Relations. https://docs.education.gov.au/documents/scoping-study-approaches-student-wellbeing-final-report retrieved on 15 August 2022
  • Owen, S. (2016). Professional learning communities: Building skills, reinvigorating the passion, and nurturing teacher wellbeing and “flourishing” within significantly innovative school-ing contexts. Educational Review, 68(4), 403-419. doi:10.1080/00131911.2015.1119101
  • Papatraianou, L. H., & Le Cornu, R. (2014). Problematizing the role of personal and professional relationships in early career teacher resilience. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 39(1). https://doi.org/10.14221/ajte.2014v39n1.7
  • Putwain, D. W., & Symes, W. (2010). Teachers’ use of fear appeals in the mathematics classroom: Worrying or motivating students? British Journal of Educational Psychology, 81(3), 456-474. doi:10.1348/2044-8279.002005
  • Raitskaya, L., & Tikhonova, E. (2019, June). Emotional Burnout of Female Teachers and their Coping Strategies [Paper presentation]. 16th International Conference on Efficiency and Responsibility in Education, Prague, Czech Republic.
  • Seligman, M. E. (2012). Flourish A visionary new understanding of happiness and well-being. New York: Simon & Schuster.
  • Simons, J. (2016, September 18). The importance of teachers: A collection of essays on teacher recruitment and retention. Policy Exchange. https://policyexchange.org.uk/publication/ the-importance-of-teachers-a-collection-of-essays-on-teacher-recruitment-and-retention/
  • Smetackova, I. (2017). Self-efficacy and burnout syndrome among teachers. The European Journal of Social & Behavioural Sciences, 20(3), 228-241. https://doi.org/10.15405/ejsbs.219
  • Sulis, G., Mercer, S., Mairitsch, A., Babic, S., & Shin, S. (2021). Pre-service language teacher wellbeing as a complex dynamic system. The system, 103, 102642. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. system.2021.102642
  • Twenge, J. M., Cooper, A. B., Joiner, T. E., Duffy, M. E., & Binau, S. G. (2019). Age, period, and cohort trends in mood disorder indicators and suicide-related outcomes in a nationally representative dataset, 2005–2017. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 128(3), 185-199. https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0000410
  • VanderWeele, T. J. (2017). On the promotion of human flourishing. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 114(31), 8148-8156. doi:10.1073/pnas.1702996114
  • WHO. (2021, November 17). Adolescent mental health. World Health Organization (WHO).https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/adolescent-mental-health#:~:text=It%20is%20estimated%20that%203.6,and%20unexpected%20changes%20in%20mood
  • Wilson, S., & Dumornay, N. M. (2022). Rising rates of adolescent depression in the United States: Challenges and opportunities in the 2020s. Journal of Adolescent Health, 70(3), 354-355. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2021.12.003
  • Zippia. (2022, September 9). ESL teacher demographics and statistics [2022]: Number of ESL teachers in the US. Zippia - Find Jobs, Salaries, Companies, Resume Help, Career Paths and More. https://www.zippia.com/esl-teacher-jobs/demographics/
Toplam 59 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Eğitimi (Ekonomi, İşletme ve Yönetim Hariç)
Bölüm Kadın Eğitimciler İçin İyilik Hali Stratejileri: Öğretmenleri ve Öğrencileri Güçlendirmek İçin Esneklik Merkezli Bir Çerçeve
Yazarlar

Efsevia Kyrikaki Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 3 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Kyrikaki, E. (2023). Wellbeing Strategies for Women Educators: A Resilience-Centered Framework to Empower Teachers and Students. Türk Eğitim Değerlendirmeleri Dergisi, 3(3), 7-20.