Development and Validation of a Teachers’ Generative AI Acceptance Scale within the UTAUT Framework: The Case of ChatGPT

Fatma Gizem Karaoğlan Yılmaz; Ramazan Yılmaz; Nurgun Gencel

doi:10.51535/tell.1860597

Development and Validation of a Teachers’ Generative AI Acceptance Scale within the UTAUT Framework: The Case of ChatGPT

Abstract

This study develops a reliable and valid scale based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) to measure teachers' acceptance and usage of ChatGPT. Conducted during the 2024-2025 academic year with 440 teachers, the scale's development involved three stages. Following expert reviews for content validity, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA, n=200) identified a 22-item, four-component structure accounting for 80.193% of the total variance. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA, n=215) validated this structure with good fit indices. Reliability was confirmed by a Cronbach’s alpha of .95 and a test-retest coefficient of .97. Item-total correlations ranged from .720 to .764, demonstrating strong discriminatory power. Results indicate that this UTAUT-based instrument is a psychometrically robust tool for assessing pedagogical ChatGPT integration.

Keywords

GPT , ChatGPT Scale , Technology Acceptance , UTAUT

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Lifelong learning

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Fatma Gizem Karaoğlan Yılmaz ^*
0000-0003-4963-8083
Türkiye

Ramazan Yılmaz
0000-0002-2041-1750
Türkiye

Nurgun Gencel
0000-0002-8574-445X
Türkiye

Publication Date

March 25, 2026

Submission Date

January 10, 2026

Acceptance Date

March 12, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 1970 Volume: 8 Number: 1

DOI

https://doi.org/10.51535/tell.1860597

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA83EK72GE

APA

Karaoğlan Yılmaz, F. G., Yılmaz, R., & Gencel, N. (2026). Development and Validation of a Teachers’ Generative AI Acceptance Scale within the UTAUT Framework: The Case of ChatGPT. Journal of Teacher Education and Lifelong Learning, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.51535/tell.1860597

26172 20107

Development and Validation of a Teachers’ Generative AI Acceptance Scale within the UTAUT Framework: The Case of ChatGPT

Abstract

Keywords

References

Details

Primary Language

Subjects

Journal Section

Authors

Publication Date

Submission Date

Acceptance Date

Published in Issue

DOI

IZ

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