Amerika’da Aşırı Sağ Şiddet ve Terörizm

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 459 - 487, 30.07.2021

Nigar Neşe Kemiksiz

https://doi.org/10.30626/tesamakademi.959949

Öz

Amerika’da aşırı sağ şiddetin uzun bir geçmişi bulunmaktadır. İç savaşın ardından Ku Klux Klan Örgütü’nün Afrikalı Amerikalılara ve “işbirlikçi” beyazlara yönelik sistematik ve örgütlü şiddet uygulamaları aşırı sağ şiddetin gelişiminde önemli rol oynamıştır. 1960’lardan sonra neo-Nazilerin, Hıristiyan Kimlik doktrinine bağlı grupların ve hükümet karşıtlarının aşırı sağ sahnesine girmesi, aşırı sağda ideolojik ve örgütsel çeşitliliğe yol açmıştır. Amerika’daki aşırı sağ şiddet ve teröre ilişkin veriler, sağ kanat aşırılıkçı saldırı veya saldırı planlarının ABD’deki tüm terörist olayların çoğunluğunu oluşturduğunu, 2013’ten bu yana büyük ölçüde artmış olduğunu ve ölümcül saldırıların büyük bölümünün -11 Eylül terör eylemleri dışında- sağ kanat saldırılardan kaynaklandığını göstermektedir. 2020 başkanlık seçimlerinin ardından yaşanan Kongre binasını işgal girişimleri, aşırı sağ şiddetin boyutlarını ortaya koymuştur. Aşırı sağ şiddet ve terör eylemlerindeki düzenli artışı gösteren veriler ve son yıllarda artan kutuplaşmanın yanı sıra, COVID 19 salgınının yol açtığı ekonomik ve sosyal problemler ışığında Amerika’da aşırı sağ şiddet ve terörünün yükselişini sürdüreceği düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Aşırı Sağ Şiddet, Sağ Kanat Terörizm, ABD

The Right Extremist Violence and Terrorism in the USA

Öz

The right extremist violence goes back a long way in the history of the USA. Following the Civil War the systematic and organized violent acts perpetrated against African Americans and “collaborative” whites committed by the Ku Klux Klan Organization played an important role in the development of right extremist violence. An ideological and organizational diversification was observed when the Neo-Nazis, groups that hinged upon the Christian Identity doctrine and anti-government groups entered the stage of right extremism after the 1960s. According to data on the right extremist violence and terrorism in the USA, right-wing extremist attacks or plans of attack, which constitute the majority of all terrorist incidents, has increased substantially since 2013 and most of the deadly attacks – apart from the 9/11 terrorist attacks – were originated in the attacks of right-wing. It is considered that right extremist violence and terrorism will continue to grow in the light of economic and social problems resulting from the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, in addition to the data that indicate a steady increase in right extremist violence and terrorism, and increasing polarization in recent years.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Right Extremist Violence, Right-Wing Terrorism, USA

Kaynakça

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