YAPAY ZEKÂ DESTEKLİ KARAR ALMA SİSTEMLERİNİN ORTA KADEME YÖNETİCİLERİN OTONOMİSİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ: KARAR YAPISININ ARACI VE LİDERLİĞİN DÜZENLEYİCİ ROLÜ

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, yapay zekâ destekli karar alma sistemleri (YZ-DKS) kullanımına ilişkin algıların orta kademe yöneticilerin iş otonomisi üzerindeki etkisini araştırmak, bu ilişkinin karar yapısındaki değişim aracılığıyla nasıl gerçekleştiğini ortaya koymak ve dönüşümcü liderliğin alt boyutlarının bu ilişkideki düzenleyici rolünü incelemektir. Araştırma Türkiye’de kamu kurumlarında görev yapan orta kademe yöneticiler üzerinde yürütülmüş ve çalışma, YZ-DKS ile yönetsel özerklik arasındaki ilişkiyi aracılık ve moderasyon etkilerini birlikte ele alan çok katmanlı bir modelle incelemesi ve dönüşümcü liderliğin dört alt boyutunu analiz etmesi bakımından literatüre özgün katkı sunması beklenmektedir. Nicel araştırma kapsamında kartopu örnekleme yöntemiyle 390 kamu yöneticisinden elde edilen veriler doğrulayıcı faktör analizi, yapısal eşitlik modellemesi ve Hayes PROCESS analizleri kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular, YZ-DKS kullanım algılarının iş otonomisini negatif yönde etkilediğini ve bu etkinin büyük ölçüde karar yapısındaki değişim aracılığıyla gerçekleştiğini göstermektedir. Ayrıca dönüşümcü liderliğin özellikle entelektüel teşvik ve ilham veren motivasyon boyutlarının bu olumsuz etkiyi zayıflattığı belirlenmiştir. Çalışma, yapay zekâ tabanlı sistemlerin yönetsel özerklik üzerinde sınırlayıcı etkiler yaratabileceğini, ancak uygun liderlik yaklaşımlarının bu etkileri dengeleyebileceğini ortaya koymaktadır. Bu bağlamda insan odaklı teknoloji tasarımı ve dönüşümcü liderlik uygulamalarının güçlendirilmesi önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Yapay Zeka
• Karar Destek Sistemleri
• Otonomi
• Orta Kademe Yönetim
• Dönüşümcü Liderlik

Etik Beyan

KARAR SAYISI TOPLANTI TARİHİ 2025.11.373 26.09.2025 "Yapılan görüşmeler sonucunda, aşağıdaki tabloda isimleri belirtilen araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan “Yapay Zeka Destekli Karar Alma Sistemlerinin Orta Kademe Yöneticilerin Otonomisi Üzerindeki Etkisi: Karar Yapısının Aracı ve Liderliğin Düzenleyici Rolü” isimli araştırma projesi dosyası ve ilgili belgeler araştırmanın gerekçe, amaç, yaklaşım ve yöntemleri dikkate alınarak incelenmiş olup, projenin gerçekleştirilmesinde etik sakınca bulunmadığına kurulumuz üyeleri tarafından oy birliği ile karar verilmiştir."

THE IMPACT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE-SUPPORTED DECISION-MAKING SYSTEMS ON THE AUTONOMY OF MIDDLE MANAGERS: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF DECISION-MAKING STRUCTURES AND THE REGULATORY ROLE OF LEADERSHIP

Öz

The aim of this study is to examine the impact of perceptions regarding the use of artificial intelligence supported decision-making systems (AI-DMS) on the job autonomy of middle managers, to reveal how this relationship is mediated by changes in the decision-making structure, and to investigate the moderating role of the sub-dimensions of transformational leadership in this relationship. The research was conducted among middle managers working in public institutions in Türkiye. The study is expected to make an original contribution to the literature by examining the relationship between AI-DMS and managerial autonomy using a multi-level model that considers both mediating and moderating effects, and by analysing the four sub-dimensions of transformational leadership. Within the scope of this quantitative research, data collected from 390 public sector managers using snowball sampling was analysed using confirmatory factor analysis, structural equation modelling and Hayes PROCESS analyses. The findings indicate that perceptions of AI-DMS usage negatively affect job autonomy, and that this effect is largely mediated by changes in the decision-making structure. Furthermore, it was determined that transformational leadership, particularly its dimensions of intellectual stimulation and inspirational motivation, mitigates this negative effect. The study demonstrates that AI-based systems can create restrictive effects on managerial autonomy, but that appropriate leadership approaches can balance these effects. In this context, it is recommended that human-centred technology design and transformative leadership practices be strengthened.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Artificial Intelligence
• Decision Support Systems
• Autonomy
• Middle Management
• Transformational Leadership

Etik Beyan

DECISION NUMBER MEETING DATE 2025.11.373 26.09.2025 ‘As a result of the discussions, the research project file entitled ’The Impact of Artificial Intelligence-Supported Decision-Making Systems on the Autonomy of Middle Managers : The Mediating Role of Decision Structure and the Regulatory Role of Leadership" prepared by the researchers whose names are listed in the table below, along with the relevant documents, has been reviewed taking into account the rationale, purpose, approach, and methods of the research, and our board members have unanimously decided that there are no ethical concerns regarding the implementation of the project."

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