AN INVESTIGATION OF SENSORIAL, COGNITIVE, MOTOR FUNCTION AND SOCIAL FUNCTION OF GERIATRIC INDIVIDUALS LIVING IN URBAN AND RURAL AREA
Öz
Purpose: Loss of function occurs in systems together with aging. Environment that elderly lives in
and possibilities they have may also affect health status. The purpose of this study was to compare
sensory, cognitive, and physical function such as vision and hearing, and social function of elderly
according to living conditions in urban and rural area.
Methods: A total of 84 subjects participated in the study. Forty-two individuals were included in
each group: urban (mean age=72.21±6.13 years) and rural (mean age=74.38±6.82 years). To assess
visual, hearing, and cognitive function with physical performance and social functionality, National
Eye Health Institute Vision Function Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ), Hearing Handicap Inventory-Elderly
(HHIE), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Short physical performance test (SPPT), and
Leisure Time Assessment subscale of Social Functioning Scale (SFS) were used.
Results: The NEI-VFQ, MMSE, SPPT, and Leisure Time Assessment subscale of SFS were
significantly higher in elderly living in urban area as compared with rural area (p<0.05). The HHIE
was significantly lower in elderly living urban area than that of rural area (p<0.05).
Conclusion: The elderly living in the urban area had better social participation with the sensory,
cognitive, and physical function as compared with the elderly living in the rural area. It is essential
to assess visual, hearing, cognitive function, physical performance, and social participation of older,
especially in rural areas and to apply appropriate treatment methods for recovering their roles.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Geriatric Health Services Sensory Motor Performance Vision and Hearing Loss
Kaynakça
- Wongrakpanich S, Petchlorlian A, Rosenzweig A. Sensorineural Organs Dysfunction and Cognitive Decline: A Review Article. Aging Dis. 2016;7(6):763.
- Pan CW, Qian D-J, Sun H-P, Ma Q, Xu Y, Song E. Visual impairment among older adults in a rural community in eastern China. J Ophthalmol. 2016;2016.
- Desrosiers J, Wanet-Defalque MC, Témisjian K, Gresset J, Dubois MF, Renaud J, et al. Participation in daily activities and social roles of older adults with visual impairment. Disabil Rehabil. 2009;31(15):1227-34.
- Huang Q, Tang J. Age-related hearing loss or presbycusis. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2010;267(8):1179-91.
- Mazelová J, Popelar J, Syka J. Auditory function in presbycusis: peripheral vs. central changes. Exp Gerontol. 2003;38(1):87-94.
- Stach BA, Spretnjak ML, Jerger J. The prevalence of central presbyacusis in a clinical population. J Am Acad Audiol. 1990;1(2):109-15.
- Lin FR, Yaffe K, Xia J, Xue QL, Harris TB, Purchase-Helzner E, et al. Hearing loss and cognitive decline in older adults. JAMA intern med. 2013;173(4):293-9.
- Bilir N. Türkiye’de ve dünyada yaşlılarda demografik özellikler. İçinde: Arıoğul S, editör. Geriatri ve gerontoloji. Ankara: MN Medikal & Nobel Yayıncılık; 2006:3-9.
- VanSwearingen JM, Brach JS. Making geriatric assessment work: selecting useful measures. Phys Ther. 2001;81(6):1233.
- Brennan‐Jones CG, Taljaard DS, Brennan‐Jones SE, Bennett RJ, Swanepoel DW, Eikelboom RH. Self‐reported hearing loss and manual audiometry: A rural versus urban comparison. Aust J Rural Health. 2015;24(2):130-5
- Mangione CM, Berry S, Spritzer K, Janz NK, Klein R, Owsley C, et al. Identifying the content area for the 51-item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire: results from focus groups with visually impaired persons. Arch Ophthalmol. 1998;116(2):227-33.
- Aksoy S, F. Aslan, R. Alpar. Türkçe İşitme Engeli Ölçeği-Yaşlı (İEÖ-Y): Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. Turk Geriatri Derg. 2012;15(Suppl):74.
- Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR. "Mini-mental state". A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res. 1975;12(3):189-98.
- Houston DK, Cesari M, Ferrucci L, Cherubini A, Maggio D, Bartali B, et al. Association between vitamin D status and physical performance: the InCHIANTI study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2007;62(4):440-6.
- Birchwood, Max, et al. The Social Functioning Scale. The development and validation of a new scale of social adjustment for use in family intervention programmes with schizophrenic patients. Br J Psychiatry.1990;157(6):853-859.
- Wang Y, Xu L, Jonas JB. Prevalence and causes of visual field loss as determined by frequency doubling perimetry in urban and rural adult Chinese. Am J Ophthalmol. 2006;141(6):1078-86.
- Hashemi H, Yekta A, Jafarzadehpur E, Doostdar A, Ostadimoghaddam H, Khabazkhoob M. The prevalence of visual impairment and blindness in underserved rural areas: a crucial issue for future. Eye. 2017;31(8):1221-1228
- Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu Basın Odası Haberleri http://www.tuik.gov.tr/basinOdasi/haberler/2014_63_20141106.pdf. Erişim Tarihi: Ağustos 2017
- Laplante-Lévesque A, Hickson L, Worrall L. Rehabilitation of older adults with hearing impairment: A critical review. J Aging Health. 2010;22(2):143-53.
- Tang HD, Zhou Y, Gao X, Liang L, Hou MM, Qiao Y, et al. Prevalence and risk factor of cognitive impairment were different between urban and rural population: a community-based study. J Alzheimers Dis. 2016;49(4):917-25.
- Fischer ME, Cruickshanks KJ, Schubert CR, Pinto AA, Carlsson CM, Klein BE, et al. Age‐Related Sensory Impairments and Risk of Cognitive Impairment. Am Geriatr Soc. 2016;64(10):1981-7.
- Choi LH. Factors affecting volunteerism among older adults. J Appl Gerontol. 2003;22(2):179-96.
- Strawbridge WJ, Wallhagen MI, Shema SJ, Kaplan GA. Negative consequences of hearing impairment in Old Age a longitudinal analysis. Gerontologist. 2000;40(3):320-6.
- Michikawa T. Prevalence, adverse health, and risk factors in association with sensory impairments: data from a prospective cohort study of older Japanese. Environ Health Prev Med. 2016;21(6):403-9.
KENTSEL VE KIRSAL BÖLGEDE YAŞAYAN GERİATRİK BİREYLERİN DUYUSAL, KOGNİTİF, MOTOR FONKSİYONLARI VE SOSYAL İŞLEVSELLİKLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Öz
Amaç: Yaşlanma ile birlikte vücut
sistemlerinde fonksiyon kaybı meydana geldiği bilinmektedir.Yaşlıların yaşadığı
çevre ve buna bağlı olarak sahip oldukları imkanlar da sağlık durumlarını etkileyebilir.
Bu çalışmanın amacı, geriatrik bireylerin görme ve işitme gibi duyusal,
kognitif vefiziksel fonksiyonları ile sosyal işlevselliklerini kentsel ve
kırsal bölgede yaşama durumlarına göre
karşılaştırılması idi.
Yöntem: Çalışmaya toplam 84 kişi
katıldı. Kentsel (yaş ortalaması 72,21±6,13 yıl) ve kırsal (yaş ortalaması
74,38±6,82 yıl) olmak üzere her bir gruba 42 birey dahil edildi. Görme, işitme
ve kognitif fonksiyonları ile fiziksel performans ve sosyal katılımı değerlendirmek
için bireylere Ulusal Göz Sağlığı Enstitüsü Görme İşlevleri Anketi
(USGE-GİA-39), İşitme Engeli Ölçeği-Yaşlı (IEÖ-Y), Mini Mental Durum Testi
(MMDT), kısa fiziksel performans testi (KFPT) ve Sosyal İşlevsellik ÖlçeğI (SİÖ)’nin
Boş Zamanları Değerlendirme alt ölçeği uygulandı.
Sonuçlar: Kentsel bölgede yaşayan
bireylerin UGSE-GİA-39 puanları, MMDT puanları, KFPT değerleri ve SİÖ-Boş Zaman
Aktiviteleri Değerlendirme Ölçeği puanları kırsal bölgede yaşayanlardan anlamlı
olarak daha yüksek bulundu (p<0,05). Kentsel bölgede yaşayan bireylerin
İEÖ-Y puanları kırsal bölgede yaşayan grubun değerlerinden anlamlı olarak daha
düşüktü (p<0,05).
Tartışma: Kentsel bölgede yaşayan
geriatrik bireylerin, kırsal bölgede yaşayan geriatrik bireylere göre, duyusal,
kognitif ve fiziksel fonksiyonları ile birlikte sosyal katılımlarının daha iyi
olduğu bulundu. Özellikle kırsal bölgede yaşayan geriatrik bireylerin görme, işitme,
kognitif fonksiyonları, fiziksel performans ve sosyal katılımlarını
değerlendirmek ve fonksiyonlarını geri kazanabilmeleri için uygun tedavi
yöntemlerini uygulamak önemlidir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Duyu Motor Performans Geriatrik Sağlık Hizmetler Görme ve İşitme Kaybı
Kaynakça
- Wongrakpanich S, Petchlorlian A, Rosenzweig A. Sensorineural Organs Dysfunction and Cognitive Decline: A Review Article. Aging Dis. 2016;7(6):763.
- Pan CW, Qian D-J, Sun H-P, Ma Q, Xu Y, Song E. Visual impairment among older adults in a rural community in eastern China. J Ophthalmol. 2016;2016.
- Desrosiers J, Wanet-Defalque MC, Témisjian K, Gresset J, Dubois MF, Renaud J, et al. Participation in daily activities and social roles of older adults with visual impairment. Disabil Rehabil. 2009;31(15):1227-34.
- Huang Q, Tang J. Age-related hearing loss or presbycusis. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2010;267(8):1179-91.
- Mazelová J, Popelar J, Syka J. Auditory function in presbycusis: peripheral vs. central changes. Exp Gerontol. 2003;38(1):87-94.
- Stach BA, Spretnjak ML, Jerger J. The prevalence of central presbyacusis in a clinical population. J Am Acad Audiol. 1990;1(2):109-15.
- Lin FR, Yaffe K, Xia J, Xue QL, Harris TB, Purchase-Helzner E, et al. Hearing loss and cognitive decline in older adults. JAMA intern med. 2013;173(4):293-9.
- Bilir N. Türkiye’de ve dünyada yaşlılarda demografik özellikler. İçinde: Arıoğul S, editör. Geriatri ve gerontoloji. Ankara: MN Medikal & Nobel Yayıncılık; 2006:3-9.
- VanSwearingen JM, Brach JS. Making geriatric assessment work: selecting useful measures. Phys Ther. 2001;81(6):1233.
- Brennan‐Jones CG, Taljaard DS, Brennan‐Jones SE, Bennett RJ, Swanepoel DW, Eikelboom RH. Self‐reported hearing loss and manual audiometry: A rural versus urban comparison. Aust J Rural Health. 2015;24(2):130-5
- Mangione CM, Berry S, Spritzer K, Janz NK, Klein R, Owsley C, et al. Identifying the content area for the 51-item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire: results from focus groups with visually impaired persons. Arch Ophthalmol. 1998;116(2):227-33.
- Aksoy S, F. Aslan, R. Alpar. Türkçe İşitme Engeli Ölçeği-Yaşlı (İEÖ-Y): Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. Turk Geriatri Derg. 2012;15(Suppl):74.
- Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR. "Mini-mental state". A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res. 1975;12(3):189-98.
- Houston DK, Cesari M, Ferrucci L, Cherubini A, Maggio D, Bartali B, et al. Association between vitamin D status and physical performance: the InCHIANTI study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2007;62(4):440-6.
- Birchwood, Max, et al. The Social Functioning Scale. The development and validation of a new scale of social adjustment for use in family intervention programmes with schizophrenic patients. Br J Psychiatry.1990;157(6):853-859.
- Wang Y, Xu L, Jonas JB. Prevalence and causes of visual field loss as determined by frequency doubling perimetry in urban and rural adult Chinese. Am J Ophthalmol. 2006;141(6):1078-86.
- Hashemi H, Yekta A, Jafarzadehpur E, Doostdar A, Ostadimoghaddam H, Khabazkhoob M. The prevalence of visual impairment and blindness in underserved rural areas: a crucial issue for future. Eye. 2017;31(8):1221-1228
- Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu Basın Odası Haberleri http://www.tuik.gov.tr/basinOdasi/haberler/2014_63_20141106.pdf. Erişim Tarihi: Ağustos 2017
- Laplante-Lévesque A, Hickson L, Worrall L. Rehabilitation of older adults with hearing impairment: A critical review. J Aging Health. 2010;22(2):143-53.
- Tang HD, Zhou Y, Gao X, Liang L, Hou MM, Qiao Y, et al. Prevalence and risk factor of cognitive impairment were different between urban and rural population: a community-based study. J Alzheimers Dis. 2016;49(4):917-25.
- Fischer ME, Cruickshanks KJ, Schubert CR, Pinto AA, Carlsson CM, Klein BE, et al. Age‐Related Sensory Impairments and Risk of Cognitive Impairment. Am Geriatr Soc. 2016;64(10):1981-7.
- Choi LH. Factors affecting volunteerism among older adults. J Appl Gerontol. 2003;22(2):179-96.
- Strawbridge WJ, Wallhagen MI, Shema SJ, Kaplan GA. Negative consequences of hearing impairment in Old Age a longitudinal analysis. Gerontologist. 2000;40(3):320-6.
- Michikawa T. Prevalence, adverse health, and risk factors in association with sensory impairments: data from a prospective cohort study of older Japanese. Environ Health Prev Med. 2016;21(6):403-9.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi |
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 27 Ağustos 2018 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2018 Cilt: 29 Sayı: 2 |