TÜRKİYE’DE BAZI LİKEN TÜRLERİNDEKİ USNİK ASİTİN HPLC YÖNTEMİ İLE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ VE ANTİMİKROBİYAL AKTİVİTELERİ

Yıl 2009, Cilt: 66 Sayı: 4, 153 - 160, 01.12.2009

Demet Cansaran Duman

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, Parmeliacea familyasına ait Parmelia saxatilis L. Ach., Parmelia sulcata Taylor, Parmelina tiliacea Hoffm. Hale, Xanthoparmelia conspersa Ach. Hale, ve Flavoparmelia caperata L. Hale liken türlerinin aseton ekstraktlarının Escherichia coli ATCC 35218 , Enterococcus faecalis RSKK 508 , Proteus mirabilis Pasteur Ens. 235 , Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa türlerini içeren yedi farklı bakteri türüne karşı antimikrobiyal aktivitelerinin değerlendirilmesidir.Yöntem: İnhibisyon zon çapları her bir ekstrakt için agar difüzyon yöntemi ile belirlenmiştir. Daha sonra, bu türlerdeki usnik asit miktarları HPLC yöntemi kullanılarak tespit edilmiştir.Bulgular: Bu çalışmada elde edilen verilere göre, Türkiye’den toplanan beş liken türünün geniş bir aralıkta değişen oranlarda antimikrobiyal aktivite gösterdikleri sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. En yüksek usnik asit miktarı % 2.38’lik bir oran ile Flavoparmelia caperata liken türünde tespit edilmiştir. İncelenen liken türlerinin tümünün, S. aureus ve P. aeruginosa hariç; E. coli, B. subtilis ve B. megaterium bakterilerine karşı antimikrobiyal aktivite gösterdiği bulunmuştur. F. caperata ’nın aseton ekstraktının B. subtilis ve B. megaterium’a karşı en yüksek antimikrobiyal aktivite gösterdiği belirlenmiştir.Sonuç: Araştırmada likenlerde usnik asit miktarı arttıkça antimikrobiyal aktivitenin de arttığı belirlenmiştir. Bu araştırmanın, Türkiye’de bulunan bazı Parmelia liken türlerinin usnik asit kompozisyonu ve antimikrobiyal aktivitesi üzerine yapılan ilk çalışma olması nedeni ile önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir. Ayrıca, F. caperata başta olmak üzere çalışılan liken türleri tedavi amaçlı ilaç içerisinde antimikrobiyal ajan olarak kullanılabilir

Anahtar Kelimeler

Liken, usnik asit, HPLC

Evaluation of Usnic Acid in Some Likens of Turkey by HPLC Analysis and Screening of their Antimicrobial Activity

Öz

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of acetone extracts obtained from the Parmelia saxatilis L. Ach., P. sulcata Taylor, Parmelina tiliacea Hoffm. Hale, Xanthoparmelia conspersa Ach. Hale, and Flavoparmelia caperata L. Hale belonging to family Parmeliaceae against seven different bacterial species including Escherichia coli ATCC 35218 , Enterococcus faecalis RSKK 508 , Proteus mirabilis Pasteur Ens. 235 , Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Method: The inhibition zone diameters were determined for each extract by the agar diffusion method. Afterwards, quantitative analyses of usnic acid amounts found in these species were determined by HPLC method.Results: Based on the data obtained in this research, it is possible to conclude that five species of lichen collected from Turkey exhibited a broad range of antimicrobial activity at varying degrees. In the study, highest amount of usnic acid was determined in Flavoparmelia caperata as; 2.38% of the dry lichen weight. All of the examined lichen species in this study, with the exception of the S. aureus and P. aeruginosa, were found to show antimicrobial activities against E. coli, B. subtilis and B. megaterium. F. caperata was determined have the highest inhibition effect on B. subtilis and B. megaterium.Conclusion: In this research it was determined that, as the amount of usnic acid concentrations were higher, the antimicrobial activities of them also increased. This study is thought to be important as it is the first report on the usnic acid composition and antimicrobial activity of some Parmelia lichen species found in Turkey. Lichens species especially F. caperata could be used as antimicrobial agents in new drugs for therapy

Anahtar Kelimeler

Lichen, usnic acid, HPLC

Kaynakça

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