Endüstriyel kimyasallara maruz kalan işçilerde mesane ve akciğer kanser oranlarının sitolojik incelemeyle değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2009, Cilt: 66 Sayı: 2, 49 - 57, 01.06.2009

Serpil Oğuztüzün Mehtap Aydın Z. Aytül Çakmak Murat Kılıç Ümit Yırtıcı Meral Atay Müzeyyen Özhavzalı Erdal Yılmaz Emine Ö. Karaaslan

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, Kırıkkale’de endüstriyel kimyasallara maruz kalan işçilerin, mesane ve akciğer kanseri oranlarının idrar ve balgam sitolojisi yöntemleri uygulanarak değerlendirilmesidir.Yöntem: Barut fabrikasında çalışan 123 işçinin idrar sitolojisi örnekleri, ağır silah ve çelik, silah ve mühimmat fabrikalarında çalışan 408 işçinin balgam sitoloji örnekleri Papanicolaou yöntemiyle hazırlanmış ve ışık mikroskobunda değerlendirilmiştir.Bulgular: 123 işçiden 15’inin idrarında atipik sitolojik bulgular görülmüştür. Bu işçilerin hiçbirinde önceden mesane kanseri hikâyesi belirlenememiş ve ultrasonlarında da anormal bulgular görülmemiştir. 408 işçinin 209’u nun balgam sitoloji uygunsuz materyal nedeniyle değerlendirmeye alınamamıştır. Kalan 199 işçiden 103’ünde normal sitoloji, 33’ünde skuamoz metaplazi, 2’sinde displazi belirlenirken, 61 işçide de inflamasyon görülmüştür. İşçilerin kimyasallara maruziyet süresi ve sitoloji bulguları arasında bilimsel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki bulunamamıştır p>0.05 . Günde 20 adetten fazla sigara içenlerde anormal balgam %1,2 ve idrar %13 sitoloji bulguları saptanmasına karşın istatistiksel olarak yalnızca balgam sitolojisi sonuçlarıyla sigara alışkanlığı arasında bir kolerasyon bulunmuştur p=0.015

Anahtar Kelimeler

İdrar sitolojisi, balgam sitolojisi, tarama, kimyasal karsinojenler, erken teşhis, mesleki maruziyet

THE CYTOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF BLADDER AND LUNG CARCINOMA RATES ON THE WORKERS EXPOSED TO INDUSTRIAL CHEMICALS

Öz

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the ratios of bladder and lung carcinomas of workers exposed to industrial chemicals in Kırıkkale, Turkey by urinary and sputum cytology methods. Method: Urinary cytology preparations for a total of 123 workers in the gun powder production plant and sputum cytology preparations for a total of 408 workers in the heavy gun and steel, gun, and ammunition plants were prepared using Papanicolaou staining and evaluated by light microscopy.Results: For the cytological diagnoses of voided urine in all 123 workers, 15 workers had atypical cytological findings. None of them had a prior history of bladder cancer and no significant abnormality was found in their ultrasound examinations. Regarding the cytologic diagnoses of sputum in 408 workers, 209 individuals could not be evaluated because of inappropriate materials. Of the remaining 199 workers, 103 of them had results within normal limits while 33 of them showed squamous metaplasia, 2 dysplasia and 61 inflammations. No statistically significant relatedness could be found between the workers’ exposure time to chemicals and the cytological findings p>0.05 . Although abnormal cytological findings of sputum 1.2% and urine 13% was found for the smokers of more than 20 cigarettes a day, a statistical correllation was determined between only sputum cytology results and smoking habits p=0.015

Anahtar Kelimeler

Urine cytology, sputum cytology, screening, chemical carcinogens, early diagnosis, occupational exposure

Kaynakça

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