D vitamini metabolik sendrom bileşenlerini etkiler mi?

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 72 Sayı: 2, 143 - 154, 01.06.2015

Sevil Karahan Yılmaz Aylin Ayaz

Öz

Metabolik sendrom tüm dünyada giderek yaygınlaşan kardiyometabolik komplikasyonları ile yüksek morbidite ve mortaliteye sahip önemli bir halk sağlığı sorunudur. Kalıtımla gelen bazı özellikler dışında hareketsiz yaşam tarzı, yanlış beslenme alışkanlıkları gibi çevresel etmenler metabolik sendrom için risk faktörü oluşturmaktadır. Metabolik sendromun önemli komponentleri; dislipidemi HDL düzeyi düşüklüğü, artmış trigiserid düzeyi , hiperglisemi, yüksek kan basıncı ve abdominal obezitedir. Metabolik sendromu oluşturan beş ana komponent dışında temelinde insülin direncinin rol oynadığı düşünülen birçok klinik tabloda bu sendromun klinik yansımaları olarak kabul edilmektedir. Metabolik sendromun klinik yansımaları; diyabet, esansiyel hipertansiyon, visseral obezite, kardiyovasküler rahatsızlıklar, insülin direnci, osteoporoz, polikistik over sendromu, dislipidemi, hiperkoagulabilite, hiperürisemi, kemik mineral yoğunluğu, yağlı karaciğer ve uyku apnesidir. Son yıllarda D vitamininin, şişmanlık ve insülin direncinin neden olduğu hastalıkların oluşumunu önlediği, eksikliğinin ise bu hastalıkların ortaya çıkmasını kolaylaştırdığı ileri sürülmektedir. D vitamini yetersizliği gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkelerde prevalansı giderek artan bir halk sağlığı sorunudur. D vitamini yağda eriyebilen bir vitamin olmasına karşın, vücutta sentez edilen ve sentezlendiği yerin dışında farklı bölgelerde etki göstermesi nedeniyle günümüzde bir hormon olarak ta tanımlanmaktadır. Kalsiyum dengesi üzerine bilinen olumlu etkilerinin yanı sıra, endokrin sistemle ilgili fizyolojik işlevlere de sahiptir. Vitamin D düzeyini gösteren en iyi gösterge serum 25 OH D düzeyidir. D vitamini alımı ve 25 OH D düzeyinin obezite, metabolik sendrom ve diyabetle ilişkili olduğu bildirilmektedir. Vitamin D ile ilişkisi en çok araştırılan hastalıklar; kardiyovasküler hastalıklar, böbrek hastalıkları, diyabet, obezite, metabolik sendromdur. Bu derlemede D vitaminin metabolik sendrom bileşenlerinden insülin direnci, diyabet, obezite, hipertansiyon, dislipidemi, kardiyovasküler hastalıklar, yağlı karaciğer hastalığı, polikistik over sendromu ve kemik mineral yoğunluğu üzerine etkilerinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır

Anahtar Kelimeler

Metabolik sendrom, D vitamini, diyabet, obezite, dislipidemi

Does vitamin D affects components of the metabolic syndrome?

Öz

Metabolic syndrome is a major public health problem which has become increasingly common worlwide with cardiometabolic complications and have high morbidity and mortality. In addition to some genetical features, environmental factors such sedentary lifestyle, improper eating habits constitutes a risk factor for metabolic syndrome. Important components of the metabolic syndrome are dyslipidemia low HDL levels, high triglycerides level , hyperglycemia, elevated blood pressure and abdominal obesity. Forming metabolic syndrome of other than the five main components, insulin resistance on the basis thought to play a role in several clinical implications of this syndrome is considered. Clinical implications of the metabolic syndrome are; diabetes, essential hypertension, visceral obesity, cardiovascular disorders, insulin resistance, osteoporosis, polycystic ovary syndrome, dyslipidemia, bone mineral density, fatty liver disease and sleep apnea. In recent years, it is suggested that vitamin D prevents the occurrence of diseases caused by obesity and insulin resistance and the lack of it facilitates occurence of these diseases. Vitamin D deficiency is a public health problem with a growing prevalence in developed and developing countries. Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin, but it is synthesized in the body and affect also other regions it is expressed in the body. Because of this it is described as a hormone in the present day. As well as its known positive effects on calcium balance, it has also physiological functions related the endocrine system. The best indicator showing gösteren en iyi gösterge serum 25 OH D düzeyidir. D vitamini alımı ve 25 OH D düzeyinin obezite, metabolik sendrom ve diyabetle ilişkili olduğu bildirilmektedir. Vitamin D ile ilişkisi en çok araştırılan hastalıklar; kardiyovasküler hastalıklar, böbrek hastalıkları, diyabet, obezite, metabolik sendromdur. Bu derlemede D vitaminin metabolik sendrom bileşenlerinden insülin direnci, diyabet, obezite, hipertansiyon, dislipidemi, kardiyovasküler hastalıklar, yağlı karaciğer hastalığı, polikistik over sendromu ve kemik mineral yoğunluğu üzerine etkilerinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır

Anahtar Kelimeler

Metabolic syndrome, vitamin D, diabetes, obesity, dyslipidemia

Kaynakça

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