BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Biyolojik Olmayan Kompleks İlaçlar

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 76 Sayı: 2, 221 - 228, 01.06.2019

Öz

Biyolojik olmayan kompleks ilaçlar son yıllarda yeni bir ilaç grubu olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu kompleks ilaçlar kimyasal ve biyolojik ilaç sınıfına girmeyen, etkin maddesi homo-moleküler yapıda olmayan, son teknoloji fizikokimyasal analitik yöntemlerle izole edilemeyen, bütünüyle miktar tayini yapılamayan ve karakterize edilemeyen yapılardan oluşan, kimyasal olarak sentezlenemeyen, biyolojik olmayan, çoğunlukla nanopartiküler sistemlerle kompleks halde bulunan tıbbi ürünlerdir. Biyolojik olmayan kompleks ilaçlar lipozomları, glatiramoitleri, demir karbonhidrat komplekslerini, polimerik miselleri ve nano-ilaçları kapsamaktadır. Bu ilaçlar, hazırlama teknolojisi açısından biyolojik ve kimyasal ilaçlardan farklılıklar gösterirler. Biyolojik olmayan kompleks ilaçların üretimi sırasında ortaya çıkan en büyük problem üretim sürecinin kontrol edilememesi, dolayısıyla seriler arasında farklılıkların olmasıdır. Biyobenzer ürünler gibi bu ürünlerde de her farklı serinin üretiminde aynı değil, benzer ürün elde edilmektedir. Biyolojik olmayan kompleks ilaçların boyut ve boyut dağılımı, yüzey yükü ve bileşimi gibi fizikokimyasal özellikleri biyolojik sistemlerle olan etkileşimlerine, dolayısıyla da biyolojik aktivitelerine etki eden faktörlerdir. Canlı kaynaklardan elde edilmemiş olsalar da, biyolojik ilaçlar gibi immünojenisiteye ve moleküler kompleksliğe sahiptirler. Bu tıbbi ürünlerin üretim sürecinde ortaya çıkan küçük değişiklikler bile istenmeyen immün sistem yanıtlarına, güvenlilik sorunlarına ve terapötik etkilerinin azalmasına neden olabilir. Bu ilaçların ruhsatlandırılmasına ilişkin gereklilikler ulusal ve uluslararası yasal düzenlemelerde tam olarak kesinleşmiş değildir. Biyolojik olmayan kompleks ilaçlarla ilgili yasal düzenlemelerde Avrupa İlaç Ajansı EMA ve FDA Gıda ve İlaç Dairesi arasında farklılıklar bulunmaktadır. Bu nedenle bu ürünlerin etkili ve güvenli şekilde kullanılabilmesi için global harmonizasyon ile gereklilikler ortaya konmalı, onay sürecinde ve sonrasında izlenmesi gereken kılavuzlar yayımlanmalıdır. Bu ürünlerle ilgili yapılan farmakodinamik, farmakokinetik ve advers etki konusundaki çalışmalar yetersizdir. Bu derlemede; lipozomlar, glatiramoitler, demir karbonhidrat general information about liposomes, glatiramoids, kompleksleri ve polimerik miseller ile ilgili genel bilgiler iron carbohydrate complexes and polymeric micelles sunulmuştur

Kaynakça

  • 1. Flühmann B, Walson PD, Mühlebach S. Nonbiological complex drugs (NBCDs). GaBI Journal, 2014; 3(1): 30-3.
  • 2. Weinstein V. Looking at the recent FDA biosimilar guidelines immunogenicity concerns and extension to other classes of drugs. Bioprocess Int, 2012; 10(6): 10-14.
  • 3. Demir-Dora D. Biyofarmasötik ürünlerin geliştirilmesinde biyobelirteçler. Turkiye Klinikleri J Pharmacol-Special Topics, 2017; 5(2): 75-83.
  • 4. Schellekens H, Stegemann S, Weinstein V, Vlieger J, Flühmann B, Mühlebach S, et al. How to regulate nonbiological complex drugs (NBCD) and their follow-on versions: points to consider. The AAPS J, 2014; 16(1): 15-21.
  • 5. Crommelin D, Vlieger J, Weinstein V, Mühlebach S, Shah V, Schellekens H. Different pharmaceutical products need similar terminology. The AAPS J, 2013; 16 (1): 11-14.
  • 6. Özdem S, Çiçin İ, Demir-Dora D, Korucu-Nazlı C. Sorularla Biyoteknolojik ve Biyobenzer İlaçlar. 1. Baskı. Ankara: Güneş Tıp Kitapevleri, 2017.
  • 7. Nicholas JM. Complex drugs and biologics: scientific and regulatory challenges for followon products. Drug Inf J, 2012; 46(2): 197-206.
  • 8. Flühmann B, Vlieger JSB, Vulto AG, Mühlebach S, Weinstein V, Shah VP. The authorization of non-biological complex drugs (NBCDs) follow-on versions: specific regulatory and interchangeability rules ahead. GaBI Journal, 2013; 2(4): 204-7.
  • 9. Hussaarts L, Mühlebach S, Shah VP, McNeil S, Borchard G, Fluhmann B, et al. Equivalence of complex drug products: advances in and challenges for current regulatory frameworks. Ann NY Acad Sci, 2017; 1407 (1): 39–49.
  • 10. Nguyen TX, Huang L, Gauthier M, Yang G, Wang Q. Recent advances in liposome surface modification for oral drug delivery. Nanomedicine (Lond.), 2016; 11(9): 1169–1185.
  • 11. Seema R, Chanchal C, Ravi S, Ankur R, Dinesh K, Satish S, et al. Liposomes: preparations and applications. Int J Drug Dev & Res, 2012; 4 (4): 108-115.
  • 12. Akbarzadeh A, Rezaei-Sadabady R, Davaran S, Joo SW, Zarghami N, Hanifehpour Y, et. al. Liposome: classification, preparation, and applications. Nanoscale Res Lett, 2013; 8(1): 102.
  • 13. Bangale GS, Rajesh KS, Shinde GV. Stealth liposomes: a novel approach of targeted drug delivery in cancer therapy. IJPSR, 2014; 5 (11): 750-759.
  • 14. Fathi S, Oyelere KA. Liposomal drug delivery systems for targeted cancer therapy: is active targeting the best choice. Future Med Chem, 2016; 8 (17): 2091- 2112.
  • 15. Xing H, Tang L, Yang X, Hwang K, Wang W, Yin Q, et al. Selective delivery of an anticancer drug with aptamer-functionalized liposomes to breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. J Mater Chem B, 2013; 1 (39): 5288-5297.
  • 16. Okazaki S, Iwasaki T, Yuba E, Watarai S. Evaluation of pH-sensitive fusogenic polymermodified liposomes co-loaded with antigen and α-galactosylceramide as an anti-tumor vaccine. J Vet Med Sci, 2018; 80(2): 197-204.
  • 17. Thomas J, Ohtsuka M, Pichler M, Ling H. MicroRNAs: Clinical relevance in colorectal cancer. Int J Mol Sci, 2015; 16(12): 28063-28076.
  • 18. Hofheinz RD, Gnad-Vogt SU, Beyer U, Hochhaus A. Liposomal encapsulated anti-cancer drugs. Anticancer Drug, 2005; 16(7): 691-707.
  • 19. Immordino ML, Dosio F, Cattel L. Stealth liposomes: review of the basic science, rationale, and clinical applications, existing and potential. Int J Nanomedicine, 2006; 1(3): 297-315.
  • 20. Perez AP, Altubea MJ, Schilrreff P, Apezteguia G, Celes FS, Zacchino S, et al. Topical amphotericin B in ultradeformable liposomes: Formulation, skin penetration study, antifungal and antileishmanial activity in vitro. Colloids Surf. B, 2016; (139): 190–198.
  • 21. Eroğlu İ, Azizoğlu E, Özyazıcı M, Nenni M, Orhan H, Özbal S. Effective topical delivery systems for corticosteroids: dermatological and histological evaluations. Drug Deliv, 2016; 23(5): 1502-1513.
  • 22. Shashi K, Satinder K, Bharat P. A complete review on: Liposomes. IRJP, 2012; 3(7): 10-16.
  • 23. Hu CJ, Zhang L. Nanoparticle-based combination therapy toward. Biochem Pharmacol, 2012; 83(8): 1104-11.
  • 24. Lia T, Cipolla D, Rades T, Boyd BJ. Drug nanocrystallisation within liposomes. J Control Release, 2018; 288: 96–110.
  • 25. Varkony H, Weinstein V, Klinger E, Sterling J, Cooperman H, Komlosh T, et al. The glatiramoid class of immunomodulator drugs. Expert Opin Pharmacother, 2009; 10(4): 657-68.
  • 26. Bakshi S, Chalifa-Caspi V, Plaschkes I, Perevozkin I, Gurevich M, Schwartz R. Gene expression analysis reveals functional pathways of glatiramer acetate activation. Expert Opin Ther Targets, 2013; 17(4): 351–62.
  • 27. Conner J. Glatiramer acetate and therapeutic peptide vaccines for multiple sclerosis. Journal of Autoimmunity and Cell Responses, 2014; 1(3): 1-11. J Autoimmun Cell Responses.
  • 28. Varkony H, Weinstein V, Klinger E, Sterling J, Cooperman H, Komlosh T, et al. The glatiramoid class of immunomodulator drugs. Expert Opin Pharmacother, 2009; 10(4): 657-68.
  • 29. Crommelin DJ, Shah VP, Klebovich I, McNeil SE, Weinstein V, Flühmann B, et al. The similarity question for biologicals and non-biological complex drugs. Eur J Pharm Sci, 2015; 30(76): 10-7.
  • 30. Ehmann F, Saka-Kato K, Duncan R, Hernan Perez de la Ossa D, Pita R, Vidal J-M, et al. Next generation nanomedicines and nanosimilars: EU regulators’ initiatives relating to the development and evaluation of nanomedicines. Nanomedicine (Lond), 2013; 8(5): 849-56.
  • 31. https://www.fbo.gov/index.php?s=opportunity& mode=form&id=592788989854da145c8e7b6d103 c898d&tab=core&tabmode=list&= Erişim tarihi: 13.09.18).
  • 32. http://www.gabionline.net/Non-BiologicalComplex-Drugs/Guidelines/EMA-issuesreflection-paper-for-follow-on-versions-of-ironbased-nano-colloidal-products Erişim tarihi: 13.09.18).
  • 33. Deshmukh AS, Chauhan PN, Noolvi MN, Chaturvedi K, Ganguly K, Shukla SS, et al. Polymeric micelles: Basic research to clinical practice. Int J Pharm, 2017; 532(1): 249-268.
  • 34. Zhang Y, Huang Y, Song L. Polymeric micelles: nanocarriers for cancer-targeted drug delivery. AAPS Pharm Sci Tech, 2014; 15(4): 862–871.
  • 35. Torchilin VP. Structure and design of polymeric surfactant-based drug delivery systems. J Contr Rel, 2001; 73(2-3): 137-72.
  • 36. Qu X, Khutoryanskiy V, Stewart A, Rahman S, Papahadjopoulos-Sternberg B, Dufes C, et al. Carbohydrate-based micelle clusters which enhance hydrophobic drug bioavailability by up to 1 order of magnitude. Biomacromolecules, 2006; 7(12): 3452-3459.
  • 37. Duncan R, Gaspar R. Nanomedicine(s) under the microscope. Mol Pharmaceutics, 2011; 8(6): 2101-41.
  • 38. Borchard G, Flühmann B, Mühlebach S. Nanoparticle iron medicinal products – requirements for approval of intended copies of non-biological complex drugs (NBCD) and the importance of clinical comparative studies. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol, 2012; 64(2): 324-8.
  • 39. Mühlebach S, Vulto AG, de Vlieger Jon SB, Weinstein V, Flühmann B, et al. The authorization of non-biological complex drugs (NBCD) follow-on versions: specific regulatory and interchangeability rules ahead. GaBI Journal, 2013; 2(4): 204-7.

Non-Biological Complex Drugs

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 76 Sayı: 2, 221 - 228, 01.06.2019

Öz

Non-biological complex drugs have emerged as a new drug group in recent years. These complex drugs are medicinal products, not being a biological or chemical medicine, where the active substance is not a homomolecular structure, but consists of different structures that cannot be isolated and fully characterized by state of the art physicochemical analytical methods, not synthesized chemically, not biological and often complex with nanoparticle systems. Non-biological complex drugs include liposomes, glatiramoids, iron carbohydrate complexes, polymeric micelles and nanodrugs. These drugs differ from biological and chemical medicines in terms of preparation technology. The major problem that arises during the production of non-biological complex drugs is the inability to control the production process and therefore the differences between the series. As biosimilar products, similar products are obtained in every different production series. Physicochemical properties, such as size and size distribution, surface charge and composition of non-biological complex drugs are factors that effects interaction with biological systems and thus their biological activities. Although not derived from living sources, they have immunogenicity and molecular complexity like biological drugs. Minor changes in kompleksliğe sahiptirler. Bu tıbbi ürünlerin üretim sürecinde ortaya çıkan küçük değişiklikler bile istenmeyen immün sistem yanıtlarına, güvenlilik sorunlarına ve terapötik etkilerinin azalmasına neden olabilir. Bu ilaçların ruhsatlandırılmasına ilişkin gereklilikler ulusal ve uluslararası yasal düzenlemelerde tam olarak kesinleşmiş değildir. Biyolojik olmayan kompleks ilaçlarla ilgili yasal düzenlemelerde Avrupa İlaç Ajansı EMA ve FDA Gıda ve İlaç Dairesi arasında farklılıklar bulunmaktadır. Bu nedenle bu ürünlerin etkili ve güvenli şekilde kullanılabilmesi için global harmonizasyon ile gereklilikler ortaya konmalı, onay sürecinde ve sonrasında izlenmesi gereken kılavuzlar yayımlanmalıdır. Bu ürünlerle ilgili yapılan farmakodinamik, farmakokinetik ve advers etki konusundaki çalışmalar yetersizdir. Bu derlemede; lipozomlar, glatiramoitler, demir karbonhidrat general information about liposomes, glatiramoids, kompleksleri ve polimerik miseller ile ilgili genel bilgiler iron carbohydrate complexes and polymeric micelles sunulmuştur.are presented

Kaynakça

  • 1. Flühmann B, Walson PD, Mühlebach S. Nonbiological complex drugs (NBCDs). GaBI Journal, 2014; 3(1): 30-3.
  • 2. Weinstein V. Looking at the recent FDA biosimilar guidelines immunogenicity concerns and extension to other classes of drugs. Bioprocess Int, 2012; 10(6): 10-14.
  • 3. Demir-Dora D. Biyofarmasötik ürünlerin geliştirilmesinde biyobelirteçler. Turkiye Klinikleri J Pharmacol-Special Topics, 2017; 5(2): 75-83.
  • 4. Schellekens H, Stegemann S, Weinstein V, Vlieger J, Flühmann B, Mühlebach S, et al. How to regulate nonbiological complex drugs (NBCD) and their follow-on versions: points to consider. The AAPS J, 2014; 16(1): 15-21.
  • 5. Crommelin D, Vlieger J, Weinstein V, Mühlebach S, Shah V, Schellekens H. Different pharmaceutical products need similar terminology. The AAPS J, 2013; 16 (1): 11-14.
  • 6. Özdem S, Çiçin İ, Demir-Dora D, Korucu-Nazlı C. Sorularla Biyoteknolojik ve Biyobenzer İlaçlar. 1. Baskı. Ankara: Güneş Tıp Kitapevleri, 2017.
  • 7. Nicholas JM. Complex drugs and biologics: scientific and regulatory challenges for followon products. Drug Inf J, 2012; 46(2): 197-206.
  • 8. Flühmann B, Vlieger JSB, Vulto AG, Mühlebach S, Weinstein V, Shah VP. The authorization of non-biological complex drugs (NBCDs) follow-on versions: specific regulatory and interchangeability rules ahead. GaBI Journal, 2013; 2(4): 204-7.
  • 9. Hussaarts L, Mühlebach S, Shah VP, McNeil S, Borchard G, Fluhmann B, et al. Equivalence of complex drug products: advances in and challenges for current regulatory frameworks. Ann NY Acad Sci, 2017; 1407 (1): 39–49.
  • 10. Nguyen TX, Huang L, Gauthier M, Yang G, Wang Q. Recent advances in liposome surface modification for oral drug delivery. Nanomedicine (Lond.), 2016; 11(9): 1169–1185.
  • 11. Seema R, Chanchal C, Ravi S, Ankur R, Dinesh K, Satish S, et al. Liposomes: preparations and applications. Int J Drug Dev & Res, 2012; 4 (4): 108-115.
  • 12. Akbarzadeh A, Rezaei-Sadabady R, Davaran S, Joo SW, Zarghami N, Hanifehpour Y, et. al. Liposome: classification, preparation, and applications. Nanoscale Res Lett, 2013; 8(1): 102.
  • 13. Bangale GS, Rajesh KS, Shinde GV. Stealth liposomes: a novel approach of targeted drug delivery in cancer therapy. IJPSR, 2014; 5 (11): 750-759.
  • 14. Fathi S, Oyelere KA. Liposomal drug delivery systems for targeted cancer therapy: is active targeting the best choice. Future Med Chem, 2016; 8 (17): 2091- 2112.
  • 15. Xing H, Tang L, Yang X, Hwang K, Wang W, Yin Q, et al. Selective delivery of an anticancer drug with aptamer-functionalized liposomes to breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. J Mater Chem B, 2013; 1 (39): 5288-5297.
  • 16. Okazaki S, Iwasaki T, Yuba E, Watarai S. Evaluation of pH-sensitive fusogenic polymermodified liposomes co-loaded with antigen and α-galactosylceramide as an anti-tumor vaccine. J Vet Med Sci, 2018; 80(2): 197-204.
  • 17. Thomas J, Ohtsuka M, Pichler M, Ling H. MicroRNAs: Clinical relevance in colorectal cancer. Int J Mol Sci, 2015; 16(12): 28063-28076.
  • 18. Hofheinz RD, Gnad-Vogt SU, Beyer U, Hochhaus A. Liposomal encapsulated anti-cancer drugs. Anticancer Drug, 2005; 16(7): 691-707.
  • 19. Immordino ML, Dosio F, Cattel L. Stealth liposomes: review of the basic science, rationale, and clinical applications, existing and potential. Int J Nanomedicine, 2006; 1(3): 297-315.
  • 20. Perez AP, Altubea MJ, Schilrreff P, Apezteguia G, Celes FS, Zacchino S, et al. Topical amphotericin B in ultradeformable liposomes: Formulation, skin penetration study, antifungal and antileishmanial activity in vitro. Colloids Surf. B, 2016; (139): 190–198.
  • 21. Eroğlu İ, Azizoğlu E, Özyazıcı M, Nenni M, Orhan H, Özbal S. Effective topical delivery systems for corticosteroids: dermatological and histological evaluations. Drug Deliv, 2016; 23(5): 1502-1513.
  • 22. Shashi K, Satinder K, Bharat P. A complete review on: Liposomes. IRJP, 2012; 3(7): 10-16.
  • 23. Hu CJ, Zhang L. Nanoparticle-based combination therapy toward. Biochem Pharmacol, 2012; 83(8): 1104-11.
  • 24. Lia T, Cipolla D, Rades T, Boyd BJ. Drug nanocrystallisation within liposomes. J Control Release, 2018; 288: 96–110.
  • 25. Varkony H, Weinstein V, Klinger E, Sterling J, Cooperman H, Komlosh T, et al. The glatiramoid class of immunomodulator drugs. Expert Opin Pharmacother, 2009; 10(4): 657-68.
  • 26. Bakshi S, Chalifa-Caspi V, Plaschkes I, Perevozkin I, Gurevich M, Schwartz R. Gene expression analysis reveals functional pathways of glatiramer acetate activation. Expert Opin Ther Targets, 2013; 17(4): 351–62.
  • 27. Conner J. Glatiramer acetate and therapeutic peptide vaccines for multiple sclerosis. Journal of Autoimmunity and Cell Responses, 2014; 1(3): 1-11. J Autoimmun Cell Responses.
  • 28. Varkony H, Weinstein V, Klinger E, Sterling J, Cooperman H, Komlosh T, et al. The glatiramoid class of immunomodulator drugs. Expert Opin Pharmacother, 2009; 10(4): 657-68.
  • 29. Crommelin DJ, Shah VP, Klebovich I, McNeil SE, Weinstein V, Flühmann B, et al. The similarity question for biologicals and non-biological complex drugs. Eur J Pharm Sci, 2015; 30(76): 10-7.
  • 30. Ehmann F, Saka-Kato K, Duncan R, Hernan Perez de la Ossa D, Pita R, Vidal J-M, et al. Next generation nanomedicines and nanosimilars: EU regulators’ initiatives relating to the development and evaluation of nanomedicines. Nanomedicine (Lond), 2013; 8(5): 849-56.
  • 31. https://www.fbo.gov/index.php?s=opportunity& mode=form&id=592788989854da145c8e7b6d103 c898d&tab=core&tabmode=list&= Erişim tarihi: 13.09.18).
  • 32. http://www.gabionline.net/Non-BiologicalComplex-Drugs/Guidelines/EMA-issuesreflection-paper-for-follow-on-versions-of-ironbased-nano-colloidal-products Erişim tarihi: 13.09.18).
  • 33. Deshmukh AS, Chauhan PN, Noolvi MN, Chaturvedi K, Ganguly K, Shukla SS, et al. Polymeric micelles: Basic research to clinical practice. Int J Pharm, 2017; 532(1): 249-268.
  • 34. Zhang Y, Huang Y, Song L. Polymeric micelles: nanocarriers for cancer-targeted drug delivery. AAPS Pharm Sci Tech, 2014; 15(4): 862–871.
  • 35. Torchilin VP. Structure and design of polymeric surfactant-based drug delivery systems. J Contr Rel, 2001; 73(2-3): 137-72.
  • 36. Qu X, Khutoryanskiy V, Stewart A, Rahman S, Papahadjopoulos-Sternberg B, Dufes C, et al. Carbohydrate-based micelle clusters which enhance hydrophobic drug bioavailability by up to 1 order of magnitude. Biomacromolecules, 2006; 7(12): 3452-3459.
  • 37. Duncan R, Gaspar R. Nanomedicine(s) under the microscope. Mol Pharmaceutics, 2011; 8(6): 2101-41.
  • 38. Borchard G, Flühmann B, Mühlebach S. Nanoparticle iron medicinal products – requirements for approval of intended copies of non-biological complex drugs (NBCD) and the importance of clinical comparative studies. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol, 2012; 64(2): 324-8.
  • 39. Mühlebach S, Vulto AG, de Vlieger Jon SB, Weinstein V, Flühmann B, et al. The authorization of non-biological complex drugs (NBCD) follow-on versions: specific regulatory and interchangeability rules ahead. GaBI Journal, 2013; 2(4): 204-7.
Toplam 39 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Derleme
Yazarlar

Büşra Cesur Bu kişi benim

Devrim Demir Dora Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Haziran 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019 Cilt: 76 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Cesur, B., & Dora, D. D. (2019). Biyolojik Olmayan Kompleks İlaçlar. Türk Hijyen Ve Deneysel Biyoloji Dergisi, 76(2), 221-228.
AMA Cesur B, Dora DD. Biyolojik Olmayan Kompleks İlaçlar. Turk Hij Den Biyol Derg. Haziran 2019;76(2):221-228.
Chicago Cesur, Büşra, ve Devrim Demir Dora. “Biyolojik Olmayan Kompleks İlaçlar”. Türk Hijyen Ve Deneysel Biyoloji Dergisi 76, sy. 2 (Haziran 2019): 221-28.
EndNote Cesur B, Dora DD (01 Haziran 2019) Biyolojik Olmayan Kompleks İlaçlar. Türk Hijyen ve Deneysel Biyoloji Dergisi 76 2 221–228.
IEEE B. Cesur ve D. D. Dora, “Biyolojik Olmayan Kompleks İlaçlar”, Turk Hij Den Biyol Derg, c. 76, sy. 2, ss. 221–228, 2019.
ISNAD Cesur, Büşra - Dora, Devrim Demir. “Biyolojik Olmayan Kompleks İlaçlar”. Türk Hijyen ve Deneysel Biyoloji Dergisi 76/2 (Haziran 2019), 221-228.
JAMA Cesur B, Dora DD. Biyolojik Olmayan Kompleks İlaçlar. Turk Hij Den Biyol Derg. 2019;76:221–228.
MLA Cesur, Büşra ve Devrim Demir Dora. “Biyolojik Olmayan Kompleks İlaçlar”. Türk Hijyen Ve Deneysel Biyoloji Dergisi, c. 76, sy. 2, 2019, ss. 221-8.
Vancouver Cesur B, Dora DD. Biyolojik Olmayan Kompleks İlaçlar. Turk Hij Den Biyol Derg. 2019;76(2):221-8.