ETİK TÜKETİCİYE İLİŞKİN YAYINLARIN VOSVİEWER İLE BİBLİYOMETRİK ANALİZİ

Öz

Bu çalışma, Web of Science veri tabanında 1993–2025 yılları arasında etik tüketici konusuna ilişkin yayımlanan 199 akademik çalışmayı bibliyometrik yöntemlerle analiz etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. 03.08.2025 tarihinde “All Fields” tarama seçeneği kullanılarak “ethical consumer/etik tüketici” anahtar sözcükleriyle elde edilen veriler VOSviewer 1.6.20 yazılımı aracılığıyla değerlendirilmiştir. Analiz kapsamında yayın eğilimleri, ortak yazarlık ilişkileri, atıf durumları, anahtar kelime dağılımları, yazar ve ülke üretkenlikleri ile kaynakça eşleşmeleri incelenmiştir. Bulgular, ilgili konudaki ilk yayının 1993’te, ilk atfın ise 1994’te gerçekleştiğini göstermektedir. Yayın üretkenliği açısından en yoğun yıl 2016, atıf açısından ise en yüksek yıl 2024 olarak belirlenmiştir. Araştırma alanının disiplinler arası bir nitelik taşıdığı, ancak en fazla çalışmanın işletme alanında gerçekleştirildiği tespit edilmiştir. Literatürde en sık kullanılan anahtar kelimenin “tutumlar” olduğu saptanmıştır. Bağlantı gücü en yüksek yazar Eleni Papaoikonomou, en fazla atıf alan yazar ise Deirdre Shaw’dır. Ülke bazında İngiltere en fazla yayın üretirken, en yüksek atıf sayısına Avustralya sahiptir. Kurumsal düzeyde Melbourne Üniversitesi hem atıf hem de bağlantı gücü bakımından öne çıkmaktadır. Sonuç olarak, bu çalışmanın etik tüketici literatürünü sistematik biçimde haritalandırarak mevcut araştırma eğilimlerini ortaya koyması, ilişkili alanları görünür kılması ve gelecekte yapılacak çalışmalar için potansiyel araştırma konularını belirlemeye katkı sağlaması beklenmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• etik tüketici
• etik tüketim
• tüketici davranışı
• bibliyometrik analiz

BIBLIOMEYRIC ANALYSIS OF PUBLICATIONS ON ETHICAL CONSUMERS USING VOSVIEWER

Öz

This study aims to bibliometrically analyze ethical consumer research published in the Web of Science database between 1993 and 2025. Research data were analyzed using VOSviewer 1.6.20. On August 3, 2025, the WoS database was searched in "all fields" using the keyword "ethical consumer". 199 studies published in the selected period were examined. Publication trends, co-authorship networks, citations, keywords, author and country productivity, and reference matches of the studies from these years were analyzed. Network mapping techniques were used to reveal research trends on the relevant subject in line with the data obtained. The WoS data reveal that the earliest publication on the subject was in 1993, the first citation recorded in 1994. The highest number of publications occured in 2016, and the most productive year in terms of the number of citations was 2024. Moreover, although the publications display interdisciplinary characteristics, the majority were in the field of “business,” and the most frequently used keyword was “attitudes.” Eleni Papaoikonomou has the highest link straight, while Deirdre Shaw is the most cited. The most productive country in terms of the number of publications was the United Kingdom, while Australia was the most cited country. The University of Melbourne ranks first in citations and link strength. This study is expected to contribute not only to an analysis of the literature but also to highlight related research areas and emerging trends. This study is also expected to serve as a valuable research for identifying future research areas.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• ethical consumer
• ethical consumption
• consumer behavior
• bibliometric analysis

Kaynakça

1. Adunlin, G., Diaby, V., & Xiao, H. (2015). Application of multicriteria decision analysis in health care: a systematic review and bibliometric analysis. Health Expectations, 18(6), 1894-1905.
2. Agapito, D. (2020). The senses in tourism design: A bibliometric review. Annals of Tourism Research, 83, 102934.
3. Aglozo, E. Y., & Cohen, A. B. (2025). Religious values and consumer behavior. Journal of Consumer Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcpy.1464
4. Al-Hyari, K., Alnsour, M., Al-Weshah, G., & Haffar, M. (2012). Religious beliefs and consumer behaviour: from loyalty to boycotts. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 3(2), 155-174.
5. Almalchi, H. N. H., Abedin, B., Safari, M., & Sani, M. A. (2024). Identifying Factors Affecting Ethical Consumption among Customers: Evidence from Iraq. Pakistan Journal of Life & Social Sciences, 22(2).
6. Arman, S. M., & Mark‐Herbert, C. (2024). Ethical consumption: a review and research agenda. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 48(5), e13079.
7. Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational behavior and human decision processes, 50(2), 179-211.
8. Arruda, H., Silva, E. R., Lessa, M., Proença Jr., D., & Bartholo, R. (2022). VOSviewer and Bibliometrix. Journal of the Medical Library Association, 110(3), 392– 395. https://doi.org/10.5195/jmla.2022.1434.

9. Artsın, M. (2020). Bir Metin Madenciliği Uygulaması: Vosvıewer. Eskişehir Teknik Üniversitesi Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi B-Teorik Bilimler, 8(2), 344-354.
10. Bairrada, C. M., Coelho, A. F. D. M., & Moreira, J. R. M. (2024). Attitudes toward ethical consumption in clothing: comparing Peruvian and Portuguese consumers. Journal of International Consumer Marketing, 36(2), 180-196.
11. Baker, H. K., Kumar, S., & Pandey, N. (2020). A bibliometric analysis of managerial finance: a retrospective. Managerial Finance, 46(11), 1495-1517.
12. Banytė, J., Vaidelinskaitė, Š., & Šalčiuvienė, L. (2023). Investigating the link between consumer attitudes and behaviour in the context of sustainable clothing: the role of social norms. Sustainability, 15(24), 16800.
13. Beciu, S., Arghiroiu, G. A., & Bobeică, M. (2024). From origins to trends: a bibliometric examination of ethical food consumption. Foods, 13(13), 2048.
14. Bouchard, L., Albertini, M., Batista, R., & De Montigny, J. (2015). Research on health inequalities: a bibliometric analysis (1966–2014). Social Science & Medicine, 141, 100-108.
15. Caporali, F. (2021). Agriculture, ethics, and sustainable development. In Ethics and Sustainable Agriculture: Bridging the Ecological Gaps (pp. 89-121). Cham: Springer International Publishing.
16. Carrington, M. J., Neville, B. A., & Whitwell, G. J. (2010). Why ethical consumers don’t walk their talk: Towards a framework for understanding the gap between the ethical purchase intentions and actual buying behaviour of ethically minded consumers. Journal of business ethics, 97(1), 139-158.
17. Comerio, N., & Strozzi, F. (2019). Tourism and its economic impact: A literature review using bibliometric tools. Tourism economics, 25(1), 109-131.
18. Crane, Andrew and Dirk Matten, (2004), Business Ethics, Oxford: OUP
19. Culiberg Barbara. (2014). Towards an understanding of consumer recycling from an ethical perspective. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 38 (1), 90–97.
20. Çetin, B. (2023). Tüketicilerin Satın Alma Davranışlarında Alt Kültürün Etkisi: Kalecik ve Çamlıdere İlçeleri Örneği. Uluslararası Ekonomi ve Siyaset Bilimleri Akademik Araştırmalar Dergisi, 7(16), 20-42.
21. Dimitriades, Z. S. (2006). Customer satisfaction, loyalty and commitment in service organizations: Some evidence from Greece. Management Research News, 29(12), 782-800.
22. Dinçer, F. C. Y., Yirmibeşoğlu, G., Bilişli, Y., Arık, E., & Akgün, H. (2024). Trends and emerging research directions of sustainable aviation: A bibliometric analysis. Heliyon, 10(11).
23. Dos Santos, B. S., Steiner, M. T. A., Fenerich, A. T., & Lima, R. H. P. (2019). Data mining and machine learning techniques applied to public health problems: A bibliometric analysis from 2009 to 2018. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 138, 106120.
24. Duarte, R. B., de França Lopes, G., Pimenta, J. L. C. W., & de Matos Jorge, L. M. (2023). A bibliometric analysis on sustainable aviation fuels: Core technologies, challenges and trends. Universal Journal of Carbon Research, 131-152.
25. Erciş, A., & Türk, B. (2016). Etik çerçevesinde tüketim, tüketici ve çevre: ekolojik okuryazarlığın moderatör rolü1. Çukurova Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 20(2), 1-24.
26. Eryılmaz, G. A., & Kılıç, O. (2018). Türkiye’de sürdürülebilir tarım ve iyi tarım uygulamaları. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi, 21(4), 624-631.
27. Garrigos-Simon, F. J., Narangajavana-Kaosiri, Y., & Narangajavana, Y. (2019). Quality in tourism literature: A bibliometric review. Sustainability, 11(14), 3859.
28. Gbadamosi, A. (2021). A critical overview of religion, culture and consumption in developing nations. Religion and consumer behaviour in developing nations, 1-24.
29. Geng, Y., & Maimaituerxun, M. (2022). Research progress of green marketing in sustainable consumption based on CiteSpace analysis. Sage Open, 12(3), 21582440221119835.
30. Gillani, A., & Kutaula, S. (2018). An introduction to special issue: sustainability and ethical consumerism. Management Decision, 56(3), 511-514.
31. Goodell, J. W., Kumar, S., Lahmar, O., & Pandey, N. (2023). A bibliometric analysis of cultural finance. International Review of Financial Analysis, 85, 102442.
32. Gummerus, J., Liljander, V., & Sihlman, R. (2017). Do ethical social media communities pay off? An exploratory study of the ability of Facebook ethical communities to strengthen consumers’ ethical consumption behavior. Journal of Business Ethics, 144(3), 449-465.
33. Guo, Y., Hao, Z., Zhao, S., Gong, J., & Yang, F. (2020). Artificial intelligence in health care: bibliometric analysis. Journal of medical Internet research, 22(7), e18228.
34. Güneş, E., & Karakaş, T. (2022). Tarım ve gıda sistemlerinde sürdürülebilirlik yaklaşımları. Journal of Academic Value Studies, 8(3), 304-316.
35. Halibas, A., Akram, U., Hoang, A. P., & Thi Hoang, M. D. (2025). Unveiling the future of responsible, sustainable, and ethical consumption: a bibliometric study on Gen Z and young consumers. Young Consumers, 26(7), 142-171.
36. Hallinger, P., & Chatpinyakoop, C. (2019). A bibliometric review of research on higher education for sustainable development, 1998–2018. Sustainability, 11(8), 2401.
37. Hasbullah, N. N., Sulaiman, Z., Mas' od, A., & Ahmad, S. N. (2021). Bibliometric analysis of sustainable and green consumption research from 1974 to 2019. Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education, 12(5), 1292-1301.
38. He, R., Li, H., Lian, Z., & Zheng, J. (2020). The effect of culture on consumption: A behavioral approach. Journal of Asian Economics, 67, 101180.
39. Huang, C., Yang, C., Wang, S., Wu, W., Su, J., & Liang, C. (2020). Evolution of topics in education research: A systematic review using bibliometric analysis. Educational Review, 72(3), 281-297.
40. İslamoğlu, A. H., & Altunışık, R. (2009). Satış ve Satış Yönetimi. Adapazarı: Sakarya Yayıncılık.
41. İslamoğlu, A. H., & Altunuışık, R. (2013). Tüketici Davranışları. İstanbul: Beta Yayıncılık.
42. Jia, Q., Zhou, S., Liu, R., Zuo, Y., Pan, C., Chen, Y., ... & Chen, R. (2023). How social norms influence purchasing intention of domestic products: The mediating effects of consumer ethnocentrism and domestic product judgments. Behavioral Sciences, 13(6), 453.
43. Jisana, T. K. (2014). Consumer behaviour models: an overview. Sai Om Journal of Commerce & Management, 1(5), 34-43.
44. Karimzadeh, S., & Boström, M. (2024). Ethical consumption in three stages: a focus on sufficiency and care. Environmental Sociology, 10(1), 1-11.
45. Kashyap, N., Khandai, S., & Mathew, J. (2023). Sustainable consumption: a bibliometric study. Dynamic Relationships Management Journal, 12(2), 65-79.
46. Kaur, M., Virmani, K., & Shah, M. K. (2022). Consumer Ethics: A Bibliometric Analysis. Global Journal of Enterprise Information System, 14(2), 41-49.
47. Khan, A., Goodell, J. W., Hassan, M. K., & Paltrinieri, A. (2022). A bibliometric review of finance bibliometric papers. Finance Research Letters, 47, 102520.
48. Koseoglu, M. A., Rahimi, R., Okumus, F., & Liu, J. (2016). Bibliometric studies in tourism. Annals of tourism research, 61, 180-198.
49. Kovač Žnideršić, R., Salai, S., Grubor, A., & Marić, D. (2013). Ethical consumer behaviour in marketing. International journal of multidisciplinarity in business and science, 1(1), 52-60.
50. Kumar, T. P., & Dulloo, R. (2024, February). Sustainability in aviation industry-a bibliometric analysis. In 3rd International Conference on Reinventing Business Practices, Start-ups and Sustainability (ICRBSS 2023) (pp. 848-857). Atlantis Press.
51. Küster, I., & Vila, N. (2023). Consumer ethics: An extensive bibliometric review (1995–2021). Business Ethics, the Environment & Responsibility, 32(4), 1150-1169.
52. Leyva-Hernández, S. N., Arango-Ramírez, P. M., & Gaviria-Marin, M. (2024). Analysis green consumption concept from a bibliometric. Cogent Business & Management, 11(1), 2422168.
53. Low William, Davenport Eileen. (2007). To boldly go…Exploring ethical spaces to re-politicise ethical consumption and fair trade. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 6 (5), 336–48
54. Ma, J., Hong, J., Yoo, B., & Yang, J. (2021). The effect of religious commitment and global identity on purchase intention of luxury fashion products: a cross-cultural study. Journal of Business Research, 137, 244-254.
55. Mathras, D., Cohen, A. B., Mandel, N., & Mick, D. G. (2016). The effects of religion on consumer behavior: A conceptual framework and research agenda. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 26(2), 298-311.
56. Melnyk, V., Carrillat, F. A., & Melnyk, V. (2022). The influence of social norms on consumer behavior: A meta-analysis. Journal of Marketing, 86(3), 98-120.
57. Monga, A. S. B., & Williams, J. D. (2016). Cross-cultural styles of thinking and their influence on consumer behavior. Current Opinion in Psychology, 10, 65-69.
58. Mortimer, G., Fazal-e-Hasan, S. M., Grimmer, M., & Grimmer, L. (2020). Explaining the impact of consumer religiosity, perceived risk and moral potency on purchase intentions. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 55, 102115.
59. Mucuk, İ. (2014). Pazarlama İlkeleri. İstanbul: Türkmen Kitabevi.
60. Muncy, J. A., & Vitell, S. J. (1992). Consumer ethics: An investigation of the ethical beliefs of the final consumer. Journal of business Research, 24(4), 297–311. https://doi.org/10.1016/0148-2963(92)90036-B
61. Mustapha, M. R., Ahamad, F., Hazahari, N. Y., & Samsudin, N. (2024). Ethical issues in the halal food supply chain: a systematic bibliometric review. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 15(12), 3804-3819.
62. Nam, J., Ekinci, Y., & Whyatt, G. (2011). Brand equity, brand loyalty and consumer satisfaction. Annals of tourism Research, 38(3), 1009-1030.
63. Odabaşı, Y., & Barış, G. (2016). Tüketici Davranışı, 16. b. İstanbul: Mediacat Akademi.
64. Okine, E. A., Zarei, E., & Roggow, B. J. (2024). Exploring the intellectual insights in aviation safety research: A systematic literature and bibliometric review. Safety science, 170, 106354.
65. Papaoikonomou, E., Ginieis, M., & Alarcón, A. A. (2024). The problematics of being an ethical consumer in the marketplace: unpacking the concept of ethical consumer literacy. Journal of Public Policy & Marketing, 43(2), 133-150.
66. Pradana, M., Elisa, H. P., & Syarifuddin, S. (2023). Discussing ChatGPT in education: A literature review and bibliometric analysis. Cogent Education, 10(2), 2243134.
67. Pratesi, F., Hu, L., Rialti, R., Zollo, L., & Faraoni, M. (2021). Cultural dimensions in online purchase behavior: Evidence from a cross-cultural study. Italian journal of marketing, 2021, 227-247.
68. Rasool, S., Cerchione, R., & Salo, J. (2020). Assessing ethical consumer behavior for sustainable development: The mediating role of brand attachment. Sustainable Development, 28(6), 1620-1631.
69. Rojas-Sánchez, M. A., Palos-Sánchez, P. R., & Folgado-Fernández, J. A. (2023). Systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis on virtual reality and education. Education and Information Technologies, 28(1), 155-192.
70. Roubal, O. (2022). The ethical consumer and the religious nature of environmental thinking. European Journal of Science and Theology, 18(1), 113-124.
71. Salido-Andres, N., Garcia-Rodriguez, N., & Cachero-Martinez, S. (2022). Connecting social enterprises and sustainable consumption: systematic review, bibliometric analysis, and conceptual framework. Sustainability, 14(20), 13428.
72. Šálková, D., Čábelková, I., & Hommerová, D. (2024). Ethical Consumption: What Makes People Buy" Ethical" Products. Central European Business Review, 13(2), 27.
73. Sánchez-Bravo, P., Chambers, E., Noguera-Artiaga, L., Sendra, E., Chambers IV, E., & Carbonell-Barrachina, Á. A. (2021). Consumer understanding of sustainability concept in agricultural products. Food quality and preference, 89, 104136.
74. Santovito, S., Campo, R., Rosato, P., & Khuc, L. D. (2023). Impact of faith on food marketing and consumer behaviour: a review. British Food Journal, 125(13), 462-481.
75. Shavitt, S., & Cho, H. (2016). Culture and consumer behavior: the role of horizontal and vertical cultural factors. Current opinion in psychology, 8, 149-154.
76. Shaw, N. (2024). A Study of the Factors Influencing Consumer Behaviour. Global Research Journal of Social Sciences and Management, 48-58.
77. Stern, P. C., Dietz, T., Abel, T., Guagnano, G. A., & Kalof, L. (1999). A value-belief-norm theory of support for social movements: The case of environmentalism. Human ecology review, 81-97.
78. Stillerman, J. (2015). The sociology of consumption: A global approach. John Wiley & Sons.
79. Sudbury-Riley, L., & Kohlbacher, F. (2016). Ethically minded consumer behavior: Scale review, development, and validation. Journal of business research, 69(8), 2697-2710.
80. Şahin, A., & Şen, S. (2017). Hizmet Kalitesinin Müşteri Memnuniyeti Üzerine Etkisi. Journal of International Social Research, 10(52).
81. Tekin, V. N. (2014). Tüketici Davranışları. Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
82. Vergura, D. T., Zerbini, C., Luceri, B., & Palladino, R. (2023). Investigating sustainable consumption behaviors: a bibliometric analysis. British Food Journal, 125(13), 253-276.
83. Villi, B., & Bahar, R. (2023). Cruelty-Free Etiketli Kozmetik Markalarinin Sosyal Medya Hesaplarinin İncelenmesine Yönelik Bir İçerik Analizi. Uluslararası İktisadi ve İdari İncelemeler Dergisi, (C-iasoS 2022 Özel Sayısı), 219-233. https://doi.org/10.18092/ulikidince.1220000
84. Walters, C. G. (1975). Consumer behavior: Theory and practice. Wiley.
85. Wang, E. S. T., & Chu, Y. H. (2021). How social norms affect consumer intention to purchase certified functional foods: The mediating role of perceived effectiveness and attitude. Foods, 10(6), 1151.
86. Xing, Y., & Jin, C. H. (2023). The impact of cultural values on attitude formation toward cultural products: mediating effects of country image. Sustainability, 15(14), 11172.
87. Xu, X., Chen, X., Jia, F., Brown, S., Gong, Y., & Xu, Y. (2018). Supply chain finance: A systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis. International Journal of Production Economics, 204, 160-173.
88. Yeow, P., Dean, A., & Tucker, D. (2014). Bags for life: The embedding of ethical consumerism. Journal of Business Ethics, 125, 87-99.