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ALGILANAN AŞIRI NİTELİKLİLİK VE YENİLİKÇİ İŞ DAVRANIŞI İLİŞKİSİ

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 6, 100 - 114, 30.08.2020

Öz

Artan rekabet, hızla değişen çevre koşulları, farklılaşan bireysel ihtiyaçlar, örgüt ve organizasyon yapılarındaki değişimler, çalışanların kendilerini gerçekleştirme ve örgütte istekli çalışmalarını güçleştiren unsurlar olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Günümüz işletmelerinin çalışanlarından beklentilerinin artması yanında çalışanlarında işletmelerden talepleri artmaktadır. Çalışan taleplerini oluşturan faktörler arasında kişisel farkındalık düzeyleri ve kişilerin niteliklilik algıları önemli bir yere sahiptir. Algıları yönetirken yöneticilerin üzerinde önemle durduğu konuların başında; çalışanların yenilikçi iş davranışları sergileyebilmesi ve aşırı niteliklilik algısının yönetilerek çalışanların işletmede varlığını devam ettirmesi gelmektedir. Bu çalışmada algılanan aşırı niteliklilik ile yenilikçi iş davranışı arasındaki ilişki incelenmiş ve saha araştırmaları için bir ön hazırlık yapılması hedeflenmiştir. Belirtilen kapsamda her iki kavramda açıklanarak literatürde yapılan araştırmalar ışığında öneriler sunulmuştur.

Kaynakça

  • Agut, S., Peiró, J. M., & Grau, R. (2009). The effect of overeducation on job content innovation and career-enhancing strategies among young Spanish employees. Journal of Career Development, 36(2), 159-182.
  • Akkoç, İ., Turunç, Ö. & Çalışkan, A., (2011). Gelişim kültürü ve lider desteğinin yenilikçi davranış ve iş performansına etkisi: iş-aile çatışmasının aracılık rolü. İş, Güç Endüstri İlişkileri Ve İnsan Kaynakları Dergisi, 13(4), 83-114.
  • Alfes, K. (2013). Perceived overqualification and performance, the role of the peer-group. Zeitschrift für Personalforschung, 27(4), 314-330.
  • Arkonaç, A. (1998). Psikoloji: Zihin Süreçleri Bilimi, Alfa Yayınları, 2. Baskı
  • Arvan, M. (2015). How overqualification impacts job attitudes and well-being: the unique roles of perceptions and reality. University of South Florida, Thesis.
  • Ayhan, A. (1999). Yenilik (İnovasyon), Gebze İleri Teknoloji Enstitüsü Basımevi, Kocaeli.
  • Bakan, İ. & Kefe, İ. (2012). Kurumsal açıdan algı ve algı yönetimi. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 2(19), 19-34.
  • Ceylan A. & Özbal S. (2005). Yenilikçi iş davranışı ve çalışanların adalet algıları arasındaki ilişkiler üzerine bankacılık sektöründe yapılan bir çalışma. I.Ü. Siyasal Bilgiler Fakültesi Dergisi, 32, 167-184.
  • Coren, S., Ward, L.M. & Enns, J.T. (1993). Sensation and Perception, Harcourt Brace College Publishers, San Diego, California.
  • Çapraz, B., Nazlı, A., Ayyıldız, Ü., Kelgokmen D. & Kocamaz M.. (2014). Çalışanlar perspektifinden inovatif iş davranışının belirleyicileri: İzmir ilindeki öncelikli sektörlere ilişkin bir araştırma. Girişimcilik ve İnovasyon Yönetimi Dergisi, 3(1), 49-72.
  • De Jong, P.J. & Den Hartog D.N., (2007). How leaders influence employees’ innovative behaviour. European Journal of Innovation Management, 10(1), 41-64.
  • De Jong, J. P., & Den Hartog, D. N. (2008). Innovative work behavior: Measurement and validation. EIM Business and Policy Research, 8(1), 1-27.
  • De Jong P.J. & Den Hartog, D.N. (2010). Measuring Innovative Work Behaviour. Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 19 (1), 23- 36.
  • Desjardins, R. & Rubenson, K. (2011). An analysis of skill mismatch using direct measures of skills. OECD Education Working Papers, 63.
  • Erdoğan, B. & Bauer T. (2009). Perceived overqualification and its outcomes: the moderating role of empowerment. Journal of Applied Psychology, 94(2) 557-565.
  • Eurostat. (2011). One in three foreign-born persons aged 25 to 54 overqualified for their job. Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/documents/2995521/5029498/3-081.
  • James, L., Hartman, E., Stebbins, M., & Jones, A. (1977). An examination of the relationship between psychological climate and a vie model for work motivation.Personnel Psychology, 30(2), 229 - 254.
  • Janssen, O. (2000). Job demands, perceptions of effort-reward fairness and innovative work behaviour. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 73, 287-302.
  • Johnson, G. & Johnson, W. R. (1997). Perceived overqualification, emotional support, and health. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 27(21), 1906-1918 . Işık C. & Aydın E. (2016). Bilgi paylaşımının yenilikçi iş davranışına etkisi: Ayder yaylası konaklama işletmeleri üzerine bir uygulama. Girişimcilik ve İnovasyon Yönetimi Dergisi, 5(2), 75-103.
  • Kalleberg, A. (2008). The mismatched worker. Corner University, Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 61(3), 427-432
  • Kanter, R.M. (1988). When a thousand flowers bloom: structural, collective and social conditions for innovation in organizations. Research in Organizational Behaviour, 17(2), 93-131. Karacaoğlu, K. & Arslan, M. (2019). Algılanan aşırı niteliklilik ve iş tatmini ilişkisinde iyimserliğin aracı rolü: istifa eden veya erken emekli olan subaylar üzerine bir araştırma. Atatürk Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 33(1).
  • Khalifa, S. (2016). Trade, overeducation, and wage inequality. The Journal of Developing Areas, 50(2), 153-181.
  • Kristof Brown, A.L. (2000). Perceived applicant fit: distinguishing between recruiters' perceptions of person-job and person-organization fit. Personnel Psychology, 53, 643-67.
  • Kör, B. (2015). Öz liderlik, örgütlerin girişimcilik yönelimi ve çalışanların yenilikçi iş davranışları arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi: bir araştırma. Doktora Tezi İstanbul Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Kulkarni, M., Lengnick-Hall M.L. & Martinez P.C. (2015). Overqualification, mismatched qualification, and hiring decisions perceptions of employers. Personnel Review, 44(4) 529-549.
  • Lin, H.F. (2007). Knowledge sharing and firm innovation capability: an empirical study, International Journal of Manpower, 28(3/4), 315–332.
  • Liu, S., & Wang, M. (2012). Perceived overqualification: A review and recommendations for research and practice. Research in Occupational Stress and Well-being, 10(1), 1-42.
  • Li, X., & Zheng, Y. (2014). The influential factors of employees’ innovative behavior and the management advices. Journal of Service Science and Management, 7(06), 446.
  • Lobene, E. & Meade, A.W. (2010). Perceived overqualification: An exploration of outcomes. 25. Annual Meeting of The Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Atlanta.
  • Luksyte, A. (2011). How can organizations maximize their overqualified employees potential? examining organizationally-based strategies. A Dissertation Presented to The Faculty of the Department of Psychology University of Houston.
  • Luksyte, A. & Spitzmueller, C. (2016). When are overqualified employees creative? it depends on contextual factors. Journal of Organizational Behaviour, 37, 635-653.
  • Maynard, D.C & Parfyonova, N.M (2013). Perceived overqualification and withdrawal behaviours: Examining the roles of job attitudes and work values. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 86, 435–455.
  • Maynard, D.C., Joseph, T.A & Maynard, A.M. (2006). Underemployment, job attitudes, and turnover intentions. Journal of Organizational Behaviour, 27, 509–536.
  • Newport, C. (2019). Pür Dikkat. İstanbul. Metropolis Yayınevi.
  • Oldham, Greg R. & Cummings A., (1996). Employee creativity: personal and contextual factors at work. Academy of Management Journal, 39(3), 607-634.
  • Oslo Kılavuzu, (2005). Yenilik verilerinin toplanması ve yorumlanması için ilkeler (3. Baskı), OECD/Eurostat Ortak Yayımı, 1-166.
  • Özaydın, M. M, Baltacı, I., Çelik, E. ve Aslan, B. (2019). Uyumsuz eşleşme olgusu; Türkiye işgücü piyasası örneği. ÇASGEM.
  • Özpulat, F. ve Karakuzu, S. (2018). Yenilikçi davranışı etkileyen faktörler: devlet hastanesi örneği. Journal of Anatolian Cultural Research, 2(3), 46-58.
  • Porter, M. E. (1990). The competitive advantage of nations. Free Press, New York.
  • Purc E. & Laguna M. (2019). Personal values and innovative behaviour of employees. Frontiers in Psychology, 10(865), 1-16.
  • Rogers, E. M. (1995). Diffusion of innovation. New York: Free Pres 5th edition.
  • Romanov, D., Sinai, A. & Eizman, G. (2016). Overeducation, job mobility and earnings mobility among holders of first degrees. Applied Economics, 49(26), 2563-2578.
  • Saragih, H., Supriyati, Y. & Nikensari, I. (2018). The effect of leader member exchange (lmx), perceived overqualification, and job satisfaction on turnover intention in the Indonesian ministry of defense advances in economics. Business and Management Research, 86, 18-23.
  • Schumpeter, J. A. (1934). The theory of economic development: an inquiry into profits, capital, credit, interest, and the business cycle. Transaction Publishers (2006).
  • Scott, G. & Bruce, R.A. (1994). Determinants of innovative behaviour: a path model of individual innovation in the workplace. The Academy of Management Journal, 37(3), 580-607.
  • Sicherman, N., & Galor, O. (1990). A theory of career mobility. Journal of Political Economy, 98(1), 169-192.
  • Sidiropoulou D. D., Argyropoulou, K., Drosos, N., Kaliris, A., & Mikedaki, K. (2015). Exploring career management skills in higher education: perceived self-efficacy in career, career adaptability and career resilience in Greek university student. International Journal of Learning, 14(2), 36-52. Støren, L. A., & Wiers-Jenssen, J. (2009). Foreign Diploma Versus Immigrant Background. Journal of Studies in International Education, 14(1), 29–49.
  • Wassermann, M., Fujishiro, K. & Hoppe, A. (2017). The effect of perceived overqualification on job satisfaction and career satisfaction among immigrants: does host national identity matter?. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 61, 77-87.
  • West, M. A., & Farr, J. L. (1989). Innovation at work: Psychological perspectives. Social Behaviour, 4(1), 15-30.
  • West, M. A. & Farr, J. L. (1990). lnnovation and creativity at work: psychological and organizational strategy. NY: John Wiley Sons, 265-267.
  • Wu, C., Tian, A., Luksyte, A. & Spitzmueller, C. (2017). On the association between perceived overqualification and adaptive behaviour. Personnel Review, 46(2), 339-354.
  • Yang, W., Guan, Y., Lai, X., She, Z., & Lockwood, A. J. (2015). Career adaptability and perceived overqualification: Testing a dual-path model among Chinese human resource management professionals. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 90, 154-162.
  • Yildiz, B., Uzun, S., & Coşkun, S. S. (2017). Drivers of innovative behaviors: The moderator roles of perceived organizational support and psychological empowerment. International Journal of Organizational Leadership, 6, 341-360.
  • Yıldız, B. ve Arda, A. Ö (2018). Algılanan aşırı nitelikliliğin yenilikçi işyeri davranışları üzerindeki etkisinde kolektif şükranın rolü. Yönetim ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 16(2), 141-161.
  • Yuan, F., & Woodman, R. W. (2010). Innovative behaviour in the workplace: the role of performance and image outcome expectation. Academy of Management Journal, 53(2), 323-342.
  • Zhang, M.J., Law, K. & Lin, B. (2016). You think you are big fish in a small pond? perceived overqualification, goal orientations, and proactivity at work. Journal of Organizational Behaviour, 37, 61-84.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERCEIVED OVERQUALIFICATION AND INNOVATIVE WORK BEHAVIOR

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 6, 100 - 114, 30.08.2020

Öz

Increasing competition, rapidly changing environmental conditions, differentiating individual needs, changes in organizational and organizational structures emerge as factors that make employees' self-fulfillment and willingness to work in the organization difficult. In addition to increasing the expectations of today's companies from their employees, their demands from companies are increasing. Among the factors that make up the employee demands, personal awareness levels and perceptions of the people's qualifications have an important place. Employee retention and innovative business behavior are among the issues that managers emphasize while managing perceptions. In this study, the relationship between perceived overqualification and innovative work behavior is examined and a preliminary preparation is aimed for field research. In the given background, both concepts are explained and suggestions are presented in the light of the researches in the literature.

Kaynakça

  • Agut, S., Peiró, J. M., & Grau, R. (2009). The effect of overeducation on job content innovation and career-enhancing strategies among young Spanish employees. Journal of Career Development, 36(2), 159-182.
  • Akkoç, İ., Turunç, Ö. & Çalışkan, A., (2011). Gelişim kültürü ve lider desteğinin yenilikçi davranış ve iş performansına etkisi: iş-aile çatışmasının aracılık rolü. İş, Güç Endüstri İlişkileri Ve İnsan Kaynakları Dergisi, 13(4), 83-114.
  • Alfes, K. (2013). Perceived overqualification and performance, the role of the peer-group. Zeitschrift für Personalforschung, 27(4), 314-330.
  • Arkonaç, A. (1998). Psikoloji: Zihin Süreçleri Bilimi, Alfa Yayınları, 2. Baskı
  • Arvan, M. (2015). How overqualification impacts job attitudes and well-being: the unique roles of perceptions and reality. University of South Florida, Thesis.
  • Ayhan, A. (1999). Yenilik (İnovasyon), Gebze İleri Teknoloji Enstitüsü Basımevi, Kocaeli.
  • Bakan, İ. & Kefe, İ. (2012). Kurumsal açıdan algı ve algı yönetimi. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 2(19), 19-34.
  • Ceylan A. & Özbal S. (2005). Yenilikçi iş davranışı ve çalışanların adalet algıları arasındaki ilişkiler üzerine bankacılık sektöründe yapılan bir çalışma. I.Ü. Siyasal Bilgiler Fakültesi Dergisi, 32, 167-184.
  • Coren, S., Ward, L.M. & Enns, J.T. (1993). Sensation and Perception, Harcourt Brace College Publishers, San Diego, California.
  • Çapraz, B., Nazlı, A., Ayyıldız, Ü., Kelgokmen D. & Kocamaz M.. (2014). Çalışanlar perspektifinden inovatif iş davranışının belirleyicileri: İzmir ilindeki öncelikli sektörlere ilişkin bir araştırma. Girişimcilik ve İnovasyon Yönetimi Dergisi, 3(1), 49-72.
  • De Jong, P.J. & Den Hartog D.N., (2007). How leaders influence employees’ innovative behaviour. European Journal of Innovation Management, 10(1), 41-64.
  • De Jong, J. P., & Den Hartog, D. N. (2008). Innovative work behavior: Measurement and validation. EIM Business and Policy Research, 8(1), 1-27.
  • De Jong P.J. & Den Hartog, D.N. (2010). Measuring Innovative Work Behaviour. Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 19 (1), 23- 36.
  • Desjardins, R. & Rubenson, K. (2011). An analysis of skill mismatch using direct measures of skills. OECD Education Working Papers, 63.
  • Erdoğan, B. & Bauer T. (2009). Perceived overqualification and its outcomes: the moderating role of empowerment. Journal of Applied Psychology, 94(2) 557-565.
  • Eurostat. (2011). One in three foreign-born persons aged 25 to 54 overqualified for their job. Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/documents/2995521/5029498/3-081.
  • James, L., Hartman, E., Stebbins, M., & Jones, A. (1977). An examination of the relationship between psychological climate and a vie model for work motivation.Personnel Psychology, 30(2), 229 - 254.
  • Janssen, O. (2000). Job demands, perceptions of effort-reward fairness and innovative work behaviour. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 73, 287-302.
  • Johnson, G. & Johnson, W. R. (1997). Perceived overqualification, emotional support, and health. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 27(21), 1906-1918 . Işık C. & Aydın E. (2016). Bilgi paylaşımının yenilikçi iş davranışına etkisi: Ayder yaylası konaklama işletmeleri üzerine bir uygulama. Girişimcilik ve İnovasyon Yönetimi Dergisi, 5(2), 75-103.
  • Kalleberg, A. (2008). The mismatched worker. Corner University, Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 61(3), 427-432
  • Kanter, R.M. (1988). When a thousand flowers bloom: structural, collective and social conditions for innovation in organizations. Research in Organizational Behaviour, 17(2), 93-131. Karacaoğlu, K. & Arslan, M. (2019). Algılanan aşırı niteliklilik ve iş tatmini ilişkisinde iyimserliğin aracı rolü: istifa eden veya erken emekli olan subaylar üzerine bir araştırma. Atatürk Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 33(1).
  • Khalifa, S. (2016). Trade, overeducation, and wage inequality. The Journal of Developing Areas, 50(2), 153-181.
  • Kristof Brown, A.L. (2000). Perceived applicant fit: distinguishing between recruiters' perceptions of person-job and person-organization fit. Personnel Psychology, 53, 643-67.
  • Kör, B. (2015). Öz liderlik, örgütlerin girişimcilik yönelimi ve çalışanların yenilikçi iş davranışları arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi: bir araştırma. Doktora Tezi İstanbul Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Kulkarni, M., Lengnick-Hall M.L. & Martinez P.C. (2015). Overqualification, mismatched qualification, and hiring decisions perceptions of employers. Personnel Review, 44(4) 529-549.
  • Lin, H.F. (2007). Knowledge sharing and firm innovation capability: an empirical study, International Journal of Manpower, 28(3/4), 315–332.
  • Liu, S., & Wang, M. (2012). Perceived overqualification: A review and recommendations for research and practice. Research in Occupational Stress and Well-being, 10(1), 1-42.
  • Li, X., & Zheng, Y. (2014). The influential factors of employees’ innovative behavior and the management advices. Journal of Service Science and Management, 7(06), 446.
  • Lobene, E. & Meade, A.W. (2010). Perceived overqualification: An exploration of outcomes. 25. Annual Meeting of The Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Atlanta.
  • Luksyte, A. (2011). How can organizations maximize their overqualified employees potential? examining organizationally-based strategies. A Dissertation Presented to The Faculty of the Department of Psychology University of Houston.
  • Luksyte, A. & Spitzmueller, C. (2016). When are overqualified employees creative? it depends on contextual factors. Journal of Organizational Behaviour, 37, 635-653.
  • Maynard, D.C & Parfyonova, N.M (2013). Perceived overqualification and withdrawal behaviours: Examining the roles of job attitudes and work values. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 86, 435–455.
  • Maynard, D.C., Joseph, T.A & Maynard, A.M. (2006). Underemployment, job attitudes, and turnover intentions. Journal of Organizational Behaviour, 27, 509–536.
  • Newport, C. (2019). Pür Dikkat. İstanbul. Metropolis Yayınevi.
  • Oldham, Greg R. & Cummings A., (1996). Employee creativity: personal and contextual factors at work. Academy of Management Journal, 39(3), 607-634.
  • Oslo Kılavuzu, (2005). Yenilik verilerinin toplanması ve yorumlanması için ilkeler (3. Baskı), OECD/Eurostat Ortak Yayımı, 1-166.
  • Özaydın, M. M, Baltacı, I., Çelik, E. ve Aslan, B. (2019). Uyumsuz eşleşme olgusu; Türkiye işgücü piyasası örneği. ÇASGEM.
  • Özpulat, F. ve Karakuzu, S. (2018). Yenilikçi davranışı etkileyen faktörler: devlet hastanesi örneği. Journal of Anatolian Cultural Research, 2(3), 46-58.
  • Porter, M. E. (1990). The competitive advantage of nations. Free Press, New York.
  • Purc E. & Laguna M. (2019). Personal values and innovative behaviour of employees. Frontiers in Psychology, 10(865), 1-16.
  • Rogers, E. M. (1995). Diffusion of innovation. New York: Free Pres 5th edition.
  • Romanov, D., Sinai, A. & Eizman, G. (2016). Overeducation, job mobility and earnings mobility among holders of first degrees. Applied Economics, 49(26), 2563-2578.
  • Saragih, H., Supriyati, Y. & Nikensari, I. (2018). The effect of leader member exchange (lmx), perceived overqualification, and job satisfaction on turnover intention in the Indonesian ministry of defense advances in economics. Business and Management Research, 86, 18-23.
  • Schumpeter, J. A. (1934). The theory of economic development: an inquiry into profits, capital, credit, interest, and the business cycle. Transaction Publishers (2006).
  • Scott, G. & Bruce, R.A. (1994). Determinants of innovative behaviour: a path model of individual innovation in the workplace. The Academy of Management Journal, 37(3), 580-607.
  • Sicherman, N., & Galor, O. (1990). A theory of career mobility. Journal of Political Economy, 98(1), 169-192.
  • Sidiropoulou D. D., Argyropoulou, K., Drosos, N., Kaliris, A., & Mikedaki, K. (2015). Exploring career management skills in higher education: perceived self-efficacy in career, career adaptability and career resilience in Greek university student. International Journal of Learning, 14(2), 36-52. Støren, L. A., & Wiers-Jenssen, J. (2009). Foreign Diploma Versus Immigrant Background. Journal of Studies in International Education, 14(1), 29–49.
  • Wassermann, M., Fujishiro, K. & Hoppe, A. (2017). The effect of perceived overqualification on job satisfaction and career satisfaction among immigrants: does host national identity matter?. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 61, 77-87.
  • West, M. A., & Farr, J. L. (1989). Innovation at work: Psychological perspectives. Social Behaviour, 4(1), 15-30.
  • West, M. A. & Farr, J. L. (1990). lnnovation and creativity at work: psychological and organizational strategy. NY: John Wiley Sons, 265-267.
  • Wu, C., Tian, A., Luksyte, A. & Spitzmueller, C. (2017). On the association between perceived overqualification and adaptive behaviour. Personnel Review, 46(2), 339-354.
  • Yang, W., Guan, Y., Lai, X., She, Z., & Lockwood, A. J. (2015). Career adaptability and perceived overqualification: Testing a dual-path model among Chinese human resource management professionals. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 90, 154-162.
  • Yildiz, B., Uzun, S., & Coşkun, S. S. (2017). Drivers of innovative behaviors: The moderator roles of perceived organizational support and psychological empowerment. International Journal of Organizational Leadership, 6, 341-360.
  • Yıldız, B. ve Arda, A. Ö (2018). Algılanan aşırı nitelikliliğin yenilikçi işyeri davranışları üzerindeki etkisinde kolektif şükranın rolü. Yönetim ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 16(2), 141-161.
  • Yuan, F., & Woodman, R. W. (2010). Innovative behaviour in the workplace: the role of performance and image outcome expectation. Academy of Management Journal, 53(2), 323-342.
  • Zhang, M.J., Law, K. & Lin, B. (2016). You think you are big fish in a small pond? perceived overqualification, goal orientations, and proactivity at work. Journal of Organizational Behaviour, 37, 61-84.
Toplam 56 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular İşletme
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Ali Görener

Rumeysa Kaymakcı Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Ağustos 2020
Gönderilme Tarihi 20 Mayıs 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019 Cilt: 3 Sayı: 6

Kaynak Göster

APA Görener, A., & Kaymakcı, R. (2020). ALGILANAN AŞIRI NİTELİKLİLİK VE YENİLİKÇİ İŞ DAVRANIŞI İLİŞKİSİ. İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Girişimcilik Dergisi, 3(6), 100-114.