Madde Bağımlılığı Tedavisinde Egzersiz

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 51 - 62, 24.06.2021

Ertuğrul Demirdel Beyza Gül Aşkın Buse Çıtlak Fatıma Zehra Zorlu

Öz

Bağımlılık, genel tabirle bir şeyi arzulama durumudur. Alınan zevk verici maddeye karşı oluşan bağlanmaya da “Madde Bağımlılığı” denir. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü’nün verilerine göre hem bağımlılık yapan madde çeşitlerinin hem de madde bağımlıları sayısının artmasıyla birlikte mortalite ve morbidite oranları yükselmiş, bu durum uluslararası bir problem haline gelmiştir.
Morbidite oranlarının artmasıyla, madde bağımlısı kişilerde bozukluk, özür ve engellilik meydana gelmektedir. Bunlar; duyu-algı bozuklukları, kas-iskelet sistemi problemleri, denge ve fonksiyonel güçlükler ve günlük yaşamlarında karşılaştıkları problemlerdir. Bu durum yaşam kalitesi, iş gücü ve sosyal rollerdeki aktifliğin azalması ile kanıtlanmıştır. Bağımlılıkla mücadelede birçok tedavi yöntemi geliştirilmekte ve uygulanmaktadır. Madde bağımlılığının fizyolojisi göz önüne alındığında egzersiz yaklaşımları her evrede bireylerin bozukluk, özür ve engellilik durumlarında iyileşme sağladığı için uygulanabilir ve sürdürülebilir bir tedavi yöntemidir. Literatürde aerobik-anaerobik egzersizler, dirençli egzersizler, denge egzersizleri, grup egzersizleri, Yoga ve Tai-Chi gibi birçok egzersiz çeşidi önerilmektedir. Bunlardan üzerine en çok çalışma yapılmış olanları aerobik egzersizlerdir. Fakat ülkemizde, egzersiz yaklaşımlarının Madde Bağımlılığı üzerine etkisini inceleyen çalışmalar yetersizdir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, uluslararası literatürü inceleyerek bağımlılıkla mücadele kapsamında uygulanan egzersizleri derlemek, bu konuda ülkemizde yapılacak çalışmalara rehberlik etmektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Denge, Egzersiz, Madde Bağımlılığı

Exercise in Substance Abuse Treatment

Öz

In general, addiction is defined as a strong craving for something. "Substance Addiction" refers to the connection that develops against the pleasurable substance consumed. According to World Health Organization data, the rates of mortality and morbidity have increased as the variety of addictive substances and the number of substance abusers has increased, and this has become an international problem. Disorder, impairment, and disability emerge among substance users as morbidity rates rise. Sensory-perception disorders, musculoskeletal system problems, balance, and functional difficulties, and barriers they face in their daily lives are among the issues they face. Reduced activity in quality of life, workforce and social roles are signs of this. In the fight against addiction, many treatment options are being developed and used. Given the physiology of substance abuse, exercise programs are a realistic and long-term therapy option since they improve persons' disorders, impairment, and disability at all stages. Many forms of exercises are advised in the literature, including aerobic-anaerobic exercises, resistance exercises, balance exercises, group activities, Yoga, and Tai-Chi. Aerobic exercises are the most researched. However, there isn't enough research in our country looking at the impact of exercise on substance abuse. This research intends to analyze the literature and gather the exercises used in the fight against addiction to influence future research in our country.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Balance, Exercise, Substance Abuse

Kaynakça

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