Özel Sağlık Bakım Gereksinimi Olan Çocuklara Uygulanan Mola Bakımının Aile Üzerine Etkileri

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 33 - 40, 21.08.2023

Perver Karşıgil Sibel Küçük

Öz

Küresel olarak, özel sağlık bakım gereksinimi (ÖSBG) olan çocuğa sahip ailelerin sayısı her geçen gün artmaktadır. Ekonomik ve psikososyal kaygılar nedeniyle ÖSBG olan çocuklar için ev tercih edilen ortam olmuştur. Ancak evde bakım, ailelere çok karmaşık bakım rutinlerini izleme sorumluluğunu yüklemekte ve ebeveynlerin ilaçlar, prosedürler, bakım uygulamaları ve teknolojiyi yönetme konusunda kendilerini geliştirmelerini gerektirmektedir. ÖSBG olan bir çocuğa sürekli ve zaman alıcı karmaşık bakım sağlamak hem zihinsel hem de fiziksel olarak aile birimi için bunaltıcı ve yorucu olabilmektedir. Ebeveynler genellikle çocuğun sağlık sorunlarının karşılanması ile aile biriminin ihtiyaçlarının karşılanması arasında denge kurmaya çalışmaktadırlar. Ebeveynler genellikle kendilerini bunalmış, uykusuz, yorgun, depresif ve hatta umutsuz hissetmektedirler. Mola bakım, genellikle ÖSBG olan çocuk ve gençlerin bakıcıları için önemli bir kaynak olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Mola bakımının özellikleri bir yapboz olarak düşünüldüğünde ailenin ihtiyaçları en temel özellik olduğu için merkez yapboz parçası olarak yerleştirilebilir. Mola bakımın tüm yapboz parçalarının değişen aile ihtiyaçlarına uyması önemlidir. Parçalar değişen aile ihtiyaçlarına uygun değilse, bakım veren için yeterli bir mola olmayacak ve bu durum mola bakım hizmetlerinden yararlanamama ile sonuçlanacaktır. Ebeveynler, bakıma mola vermenin kendileri, çocukları ve ailedeki diğer kardeşler için faydalı temel bir destek olduğunu ifade etmektedirler. Bu destek primer bakıcısı olan ebeveyne uyku, dinlenme gibi temel gereksinimlerini karşılamak, diğer çocuklarının aktivitelerine katılmak, eğlenceye zaman ayırmak, alışveriş yapmak için zaman sağlamaktadır. Yapılan çalışmalarda annelerin bu hizmetten yarar gördükleri, özellikle streslerini azalttığı ve dinlenme imkânı buldukları belirlenmiştir. Bu hizmet annelerin tükenmişliğini azaltmakta ve yenilenmeleri için olanak vermektedir. Ailelerin yaşam kalitelerinde ve sağlıklı kardeşlerin anne ile geçirdikleri zamanda artış olmaktadır. Ebeveynler eğlence ve boş zaman aktivitelerine vakit bulabilmektedirler. Mola bakımının ÖSBG olan çocukların aile üzerine olumlu etkilerinin olduğu görülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Aile, bakıcılar, çocuk sağlığı, kardeşler, soluklanma bakımı, Family, caregivers, child health, siblings, respite care.

The Effects of Respite Care Applied to Children with Special Health Care Needs on the Family

Öz

Globally, the number of families with children with special health care needs (SHCN) is increasing day by day. Due to economic and psychosocial concerns, children with SHCN have preferred to be raised at home. Home care, on the other hand, places the obligation of adhering to extremely complicated care routines on families and demands parents increase their ability to manage prescriptions, procedures, care practices, and technology. Providing continuous and time-consuming complex care to a child with SHCN can be both mentally and physically overwhelming and tiring for the family unit. Parents frequently attempt to balance fulfilling their children's health requirements and satisfying the demands of the family unit. Parents often feel overwhelmed, sleepless, tired, depressed, or even hopeless. Respite care is often described as an important resource for caregivers of children and youth with SHCN. Considering the features of respite care as a puzzle, it can be placed as the center puzzle piece, as the family's needs are the most basic. It is important that all of the puzzle pieces of respite care fit the changing family needs. If the pieces are not suitable for the changing family needs, there will not be adequate respite for the caregiver, resulting in the inability to benefit from the rest care services. Parents state that taking a break from care is a useful basic support for themselves, their children, and other siblings in the family. This support provides time for the primary caregiver, the parent, to meet their basic needs such as sleep and rest, to participate in other children's activities, to spare time for entertainment and shopping. Studies have shown that mothers benefit from this service, especially reducing their stress and having the opportunity to rest. This service reduces mothers' burnout and provides opportunities for regeneration. There is an increase in the quality of life of families and the time that healthy siblings spend with their mothers. Parents can find time for entertainment and leisure activities. It is seen that respite care has positive effects on the family of children with SHCN.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Family, caregivers, child health, siblings, respite care

Kaynakça

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