Ebeveynlerde yaşama iyimserlikle yönelme ve umut düzeyleri ile sağlıkla ilgili yaşam kalitesi ilişkilerinin değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 2, 129 - 140, 31.08.2020

Ece Elif Öcal Hatice Aygar Emrah Atay Gülsüm Öztürk Emiral Muhammed Fatih Önsüz Selma Metintaş

https://doi.org/10.20518/tjph.563057

Öz

Amaç: Hayata iyimserlik ve umutla yaklaşmak, kişinin psikolojik iyiliğini ve yaşam kalitesini artıracaktır. Çalışmada, erişkin yaş grubunda yaşama iyimserlikle yönelme ve umut düzeylerinin, fiziksel ve ruhsal alanlarda sağlıkta yaşam kalitesi ile ilişkisinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlandı. Yöntem: Kesitsel tipteki çalışma Eskişehir ilinde 3 ilkokulda 674 öğrencinin velilerinde gerçekleştirildi. Çalışmada veri toplamak amacıyla kapsamlı literatür taramasından sonra 4 bölümden oluşan anket form oluşturuldu. Birinci bölüm ebeveynlerin sosyodemografik özelliklerini/öz-soygeçmiş özelliklerini, ikinci bölüm sağlıkla ilgili yaşam kalitesi ölçeği “Short Form 12 (SF-12)”, üçüncü bölüm “Yaşam Yönelim Testi’nin (YYT)” ve dördüncü bölüm ise “Sürekli Umut Ölçeği” sorularını içermekteydi. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis ve çoklu lineer regresyon analizleri kullanıldı. Bulgular: Yaşları 24-55 arasında değişmekte olup ortalama±SD 36.23±4.49 yıl idi. Sağlıkta yaşam kalitesi Fiziksel Bileşen Özet Skor’dan aldıkları puanlar 25.0-63.2 arasında değişmekte olup ortanca değeri 50.5 iken, Mental Bileşen Özet Skor’dan aldıkları puanlar 15.6-66.3 arasında değişmekte olup ortanca değeri 49.5 idi. Umut duygulanımı ve iyimserliğin Mental sağlık üzerine etkisi daha fazla iken, iyimserliğin umuda göre etkisinin daha yüksek olduğu saptandı. Her iki ölçek birlikte regresyon modeline alındığında ise Yaşam yönelim testi ölçeğinin fiziksel sağlık üzerindeki etkisi ortadan kalktı, sürekli umut ölçeğinin etkisi devam etmekteydi. Sonuç: İyimserlik ve umut sağlık durumuyla yakından ilişkilidir. Genel sağlıklı gruplarda sağlığın korunması için iyimserlik ve umut duyguları, olumsuz duygu ve kognisyonlardan uzak olma eğilimini yansıtacaktır. Yaşam kalitesinin iyileştirilmesi için sağlığın korunmasında iyimserlik ve umut duygulanımlarının kişilerin yaşamının bir parçası haline getirilmesinin önemli olduğu kanaatine varıldı.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İyimserlik, yaşam kalitesi, umut, Türkiye

Assessment of the relationships between optimistic life orientation and hope levels and health-related quality of life in parents

Öz

Objective: Approaching life with optimism and hope will increase one’s psychological well-being and quality of life. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the association between optimism and hope levels in adults on health-related quality of life in physical and mental areas. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at three different primary schools in Eskisehir with a sample of 674 parents of students. In order to collect data, a questionnaire consisting of 4 parts was formed after conducting a comprehensive literature review. The first part includes the sociodemographic characteristics of the parents, the second part of the health-related quality of life scale “Short Form 12 (SF-12)’’, the third part of the Life Orientation Test (LOT) and the fourth part ‘’Dispositional Hope Scale’’ questions. Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis and multiple linear regression analyzes were used to evaluate the data. Results: The ages of participants ranged from 24 to 55 years, with a mean ± SD of 36.23 ± 4.49 years.The scores from the health-related quality of life Physical Component Summary (PCS) Score ranged from 25.0 to 63.2 with a median of 50.5, while the scores from the Mental Component Summary (MCS) Score ranged from 15.6 to 66.3 with a median of 49.5. When both scales were taken together into a regression model, the influence of the LOT on physical health disappeared, and the effect of the Dispositional Hope Scale continued. Conclusion: Optimism and hope are closely related to one’s state of health. In generally healthy groups, optimism and hope will reflect the tendency to stay
away from negative emotions and cognitions in order to protect one’s health. It was concluded that in order to improve one’s quality of life and health, it is important to make optimism and hopefulness a part of life.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Optimism, quality of life, hope, Turkey

Kaynakça

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