Türksat’ta yer alan çocuk kanallarında yayınlanan çizgi filmlerde obezite ile ilgili tutum ve davranışların sıklığı

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 19 Sayı: 2, 157 - 167, 23.07.2021

Sinem Sıpçık Ayşe Tat Osman Günay Ahmet Öztürk

https://doi.org/10.20518/tjph.773434

Öz

Amaç: Çocukluk çağı obezitesi 21. yüzyılın en önemli halk sağlığı sorunlarından biridir. Bu çalışmada Türkiye’deki çocuk kanallarında yayınlanan çizgi filmlerde obezite ile ilgili tutum ve davranışların yaygınlığını belirlemek amaçlanmıştır.

Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı nitelikli bu araştırmada Türksat üzerinden ücretsiz yayın yapan tüm çocuk kanalları değerlendirildi. Beş kanalda toplam 110 çizgi film serisi
yayınlanmaktadır. Her kanaldan 6 çizgi film serisi kura yöntemiyle seçilerek, toplam 30 çizgi film çalışmaya alındı. Her çizgi filmden yedişer bölüm rastgele seçildi.Toplam 210 bölüm araştırmacılar tarafından izlendi. Gözlemciler arası tutarlılığı değerlendirmek için kappa analizi yapıldı. Verilerin istatiksel analizinde Pearson ki kare, Kruskal Wallis testleri kullanıldı.

Bulgular: Çizgi filmlerin %26.2’sinde sebze ve meyve, %3.8’inde yüksek kalsiyum içeren besin, %3.3’ünde yüksek lif içeren besin, %2.4’ünde süt görseli mevcuttu. Sebze ve meyve görseli TRT Çocuk’ ta önemli derece yüksek oranda bulunmuştur. Filmlerin %10.5’inde fast-food, %12.9’unda şekerle tatlandırılmış meşrubat, %1’inde ekran karşısında yemek yeme görüntüleri mevcuttu. Ekranda yer alan fast-food görseli Cartoon Network’ te (%28.6) önemli oranda fazladır.Sağlıklı yeme davranışı, TRT Çocuk’ ta istatistiksel açıdan önemli derecede fazladır. Obezojenik yeme davranışı, Cartoon Network’ te TRT Çocuk ve Minika Çocuk’ a göre daha yüksektir.

Sonuç: Çocukların gündüz kuşaklarını izledikleri kanallarda obeziteye yol açabilecek içeriklerin yaygınlığının yanı sıra sağlıklı gıdalara ve egzersize yönelik verilen negatif mesajlar dikkat çekmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Fiziksel Aktivite, Çizgi Film, Sağlıklı Beslenme, Yeme Davranışları, Obeziyen Davranışlar

Prevalence of attitudes and behaviors related to obesity in cartoons

Öz

Objective: Childhood obesity is one of the most important public health problems of the 21st century. In this study, it is aimed that determine the prevalence of attitudes and behaviours associated with obesity in tv channels being for children in Turkey.

Methods: In this descriptive study, all children’s channels broadcasting over Turksat for free were evaluated. 110 cartoon series are broadcasted on five channels. The total of 30 cartoons were included in the study by selecting 6 cartoon series from each channel using the draw method. Seven episodes from each cartoon were randomly
selected. 210 episodes were watched by researchers. Kappa analysis was used to evaluate inter-observer consistency. Pearson chi-square and Kruskal Wallis tests were used for statistical analysis of the data.

Results: There were vegetables and fruits in 26.2% of the cartoons, food containing high calcium in 3.8%, food containing high fiber in 3.3%, and milk in 2.4%. Vegetable and fruit visuals were significantly higher on TRT Çocuk. Fast food in 10.5% of the cartoons, soft drink flavored with sugar in 12.9%, and eating in front of the screen in 1.0%. The fast food visuals on the screen is significantly higher on Cartoon Network (28.6%). Healthy eating behavior is significantly higher in TRT Çocuk. Obesogenic eating behavior is higher in Cartoon Network than TRT Çocuk and Minika Çocuk.

Conclusion: The prevalence of content that can lead to obesity, negative messages for healthy foods and exercises attract attention in daytime television programmes watched by children.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Physical Activity, Cartoon, Healthy Diet, Obesogenic Behaviours, Feeding Behaviours

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