Salda Gölü’nde 1995–2025 Yılları Arasında Yüzey Su Alanı ve Kıyı Şeridi Değişimlerinin Uydu Verileri Kullanılarak Analizi

Öz

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’nin güneybatısında yer alan Salda Gölü’nde 1995–2025 yılları arasındaki yüzey su alanı ve kıyı şeridi değişimleri Landsat uydu görüntüleri kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Landsat 5 TM ve Landsat 8 OLI sensörlerinden elde edilen çok zamanlı görüntüler üzerinde Normalize Edilmiş Fark Su Endeksi (NDWI) hesaplanmış, ardından eşikleme yöntemi uygulanarak yüzey su alanları belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada 6/7/1995, 1/7/2005, 13/7/2015 ve 8/7/2025 tarihlerine ait görüntüler değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuçlara göre göl yüzey alanı 1995 yılında 44,36 km², 2005 yılında 44,19 km², 2015 yılında 44,46 km² iken 2025 yılında 42,63 km²’ye gerilemiştir. Zamansal analiz, son otuz yılda gölün yüzey alanında dalgalanmalar olmakla birlikte genel eğilimin küçülme yönünde olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Kıyı şeridi değişimi, özellikle güneybatı ve güneydoğu kesimlerinde belirgin çekilmeler olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu bulgular, Salda Gölü’nün iklim değişikliği, yeraltı suyu kullanımı ve turizm baskısı gibi çevresel tehditlerden etkilendiğini ve düzenli olarak uzaktan algılama temelli izlemenin önemini vurgulamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Salda Gölü
• Landsat
• NDWI
• Yüzey Su Alanı
• Kıyı Şeridi Değişimi

Analysis of Surface Water Area and Shoreline Changes in Lake Salda Between 1995 and 2025 Using Satellite Data

Öz

This study investigates the changes in surface water area and shoreline of Lake Salda, located in southwestern Türkiye, between 1995 and 2025 using Landsat satellite imagery. Multitemporal images acquired from the Landsat 5 TM and Landsat 8 OLI sensors were processed to derive the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), and a thresholding method was applied to delineate surface water bodies. Four acquisition dates (July 6, 1995; July 1, 2005; July 13, 2015; and July 8, 2025) were analyzed to ensure seasonal consistency. The results indicate that the lake’s surface area decreased from 44.36 km² in 1995, 44.19 km² in 2005, and 44.46 km² in 2015 to 42.63 km² in 2025. Although short-term fluctuations were observed, the long-term trend points to a gradual shrinkage of the lake. Shoreline change maps reveal more pronounced retreat in the southwestern and southeastern sections compared to the northern parts. These findings highlight the impacts of climate change, groundwater extraction, and tourism pressure on Lake Salda, emphasizing the necessity of regular remote sensing-based monitoring for sustainable management.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Salda Lake
• Landsat
• NDWI
• Surface Water Area
• Shoreline Change

Kaynakça

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33. İnternet Kaynakları
34. 1-Salda Gölü Doğal Sit Alanı, https://tvk.csb.gov.tr/salda-golu-dogal-sit-alani-haber-231661, (27.08.2025)