Yabancı Ot Kontrolünde Gelişen Bir Teknik: Sürdürülebilir Tarımda Herbigasyonun Rolü

Öz

Herbigasyon, sulama suyu ile herbisitlerin eş zamanlı uygulanmasına olanak tanıyan yenilikçi bir yabancı ot yönetim tekniğidir. Damla sulama sistemleriyle entegre edildiğinde, herbisitlerin kök bölgesine kontrollü ve düşük hacimlerde ulaştırılmasını sağlayarak hem etkinlik hem de seçicilik açısından avantaj sunar. Bu yaklaşım, özellikle su ve iş gücü tasarrufu sağlaması, yabancı ot kontrolünü artırması ve ürün verimini desteklemesiyle ön plana çıkmaktadır. Son yıllarda yapılan çalışmalar, herbigasyonun farklı ürünlerde(çeltik, pamuk, mısır, bağ fidanı ve sebzeler) başarılı sonuçlar verdiğini göstermektedir. Türkiye’de yürütülen TAGEM projeleri ve damla sulama altında gerçekleştirilen saha denemeleri, çıkış öncesi ve sonrası herbisitlerin ardışık olarak uygulanmasıyla %90’ın üzerinde yabancı ot kontrolü sağlandığını ve verimde belirgin artış elde edildiğini ortaya koymuştur. Bununla birlikte, sistemin teknik altyapı gereksinimleri, ilk yatırım maliyetleri ve herbisit seçiminin dikkatle yapılması gerekliliği, yaygınlaşmasını sınırlayan etkenlerdir. Gelecekte hassas tarım teknolojileri, yapay zekâ destekli sulama sistemleri ve çevre dostu herbisit formülasyonlarıyla birleştirildiğinde herbigasyonun daha güvenli, sürdürülebilir ve ekonomik bir yöntem haline gelmesi beklenmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kemigasyon
• herbigasyon
• damla sulama
• yabancı ot
• entegre mücadele

Advances in Weed Control: The Role of Herbigation in Sustainable Agriculture

Öz

Herbigation is an innovative weed management technique that enables the simultaneous application of irrigation water and herbicides. When integrated with drip irrigation systems, it delivers herbicides precisely to the root zone in controlled amounts, enhancing both efficacy and selectivity. This approach stands out for its ability to save water and labor, improve weed control efficiency, and support crop yield. Recent studies have demonstrated the successful use of herbigation across various crops, including rice, cotton, maize, grapevine nurseries, and vegetables. Field trials conducted in Türkiye, including TAGEM projects on drip-irrigated rice, revealed that sequential pre-emergence and post-emergence herbicide applications achieved over 90% weed control, resulting in significant yield improvements. However, the adoption of herbigation is limited by its technical infrastructure requirements, high initial investment costs, and the need for careful herbicide selection. In the future, the integration of precision agriculture technologies, AI-driven irrigation systems, and environmentally friendly herbicide formulations is expected to make herbigation a more sustainable, safe, and economically viable solution for integrated weed management.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Chemigation
• herbigation
• drip irrigation
• weed
• integrated management

Kaynakça

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