THE EFFECTS OF SPORTING MASSAGE ON MOTIVATION AND SITUATIONAL ANXIETY IN FEMALE FOOTBALLERS

Öz

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of sporting massage on motivation and situational anxiety in female footballers. The sample group used in the study consists of a total of 19 athletes between the ages of 18-25 randomly selected from healthy volunteer female athletes who actively play football in various clubs in Gaziantep province. The measurements were done at the end of the 2015-2016 football season, when training and matches ended, at an interval of 3 days. The athletes were not given any training or diet program. The Sports Motivation Scale and the Situational Anxiety Inventory were used for psychological features. The SPSS 22.00 program was used for statistical analysis. As a result of the study, it was concluded that the pre-exercise sporting massage increased the level of psychological stimulation and motivation and had a positive impact on situational anxiety. In conclusion, it is thought that massage + warmup routines for female footballers impact positively on psychological performances and will contribute to the work to be done in this field.

Kaynakça

1. Sehlikoglu T. Masaj T.S.G.M Sağlık İsleri Daire Baskanlıgı Yayınları, Ankara, 1986: 7-14.
2. Sengir O. Fizik Tedavi Kitabı. Bayrak Matbaacılık, 2. Baskı İstanbul, 1989: 225–234.
3. Sökmen T. Spor Masörlüğü Kursu Ders Notları, Ankara. 1999.
4. Kanbir O. Klasik Masaj. Bursa: Ekin Kitabevi Yayınları; 1998.
5. Hazır M. Spor Masajı Teori ve Uygulama. Ankara: Bağırgan Yayımevi, 2001.
6. Brennan MK., DeBate RD. The effect of Chair Massage on Stress Perception of Hospital Bedside Nurses. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies. 2006: 10(4):335-342.
7. Gürel K.M., Doğdu B. Spor Masajı. 10.Sınıf Ders Kitabı, Devlet Kitapları 5.Baskı. Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı, 2014.
8. Moyer CA., Rounds J., Hannum JW. A Meta-Analysis of Massage Therapy Research. Psychological Bulletin. 2004: 130(1):3-18.

9. Güney, S. Stres ve Stresle Başa Çıkma. Yönetim ve Organizasyon. Editör. S. Güney, Ankara, Nobel Yayın Dağıtım, 2001.
10. Diego M., Field T., Hernandez R.M. Shaw JA., Rothe, E.M., Castellanos, D. & Mesner, L. Aggressive Adolecents Benefit from Massage Therapy, Adolescence; 2002, 37: 597-607.
11. Shulman KR., Jones GE. The Effectiveness of Massage Therapy Intervention on Reducing Anxiety in the Workplace. The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science., 1996, 32(2):160-173.
12. Pelletıer, L.G., Fortıer, M.S., Vallerand, R.J., Tuson, K.M. Toward a new measure of intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, and amotivation in sports: The Sport Motivation Scale (SMS). Journal of Sport ve Exercise Psychology, 1995: 17:35- 53.
13. Erdem M. Amerikan Futbolu Sporcularında Sporda Güdülenme Ölçeğinin Geliştirilmesi. Ankara Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 2008, 66 sayfa, Ankara (Danışman: Ertan KILCIGİL).
14. Shaw, K.L., Ostrow, A., Beckstead, J. Motivation and senior athlete: An examination of the psychometric properties of Sport Motivation Scale. Topics in Geriatric Rehabilation, 2005: 23(3):206-214.
15. Öner, N, Le Compte, A (1985). Durumluluk-Sürekli Kaygı Envanteri El Kitabı, İstanbul. Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Yayınları.
16. Öner, N., Le Compte, A. Süreksiz durumluk sürekli kaygı envanteri el kitabı. 2.basım, İstanbul: Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Yayınevi. 1998.
17. Elbir N.T. Spor Masajının Elit Düzey Bayan Voleybolcularda, Müsabaka Öncesi Hazırlıktaki Piskolojik Etkileri. Niğde Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 2003, 167 sayfa, Niğde (Danışman: Nedim ÇETİN).
18. Cafferelli E., Filint F. The Role of Massage in Preparation for and Recovery drom Exercise. Sport Med.1992, 14(1):1-19.
19. Field TM., Grizzle FS., Schanber S. Massage andrelaxotion Therapies, Effects od Depressed Adalescent Mothers. Adolescense, 1996, 31(124):903-911.
20. Sharper PA., Williams HG., Granner ML., Hussey JR. A Randomised Study of the Effects of Massage Therapy Compared to Quided Relaxation on Well-Being and Stress Perception Among Older Adults. Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 2007, 15:157-163.
21. Arslan FN. Müsabaka Öncesi Yapılan Masajın Futbolcuların Durumluk Kaygı Düzeylerine Etkisi. Gazi Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Doktora Tezi, 2004, 71 sayfa, Ankara (Danışman: İbrahim YILDIRAN).