Basketbolcularda Statik Isınma Egzersizlerinin Dikey Sıçrama Ve Denge Performansina Akut Etkisinin İncelenmesi

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 3, 378 - 385, 30.07.2023

Mehmet Sarıkaya , Gökmen Kılınçarslan , İdris Kayantaş , Pelin Avcı , Akan Bayrakdar

https://doi.org/10.22282/tojras.1291818

Cited By: 4

Öz

Bu araştırma basketbolcularda statik ısınma egzersizlerinin dikey sıçrama ve denge performansına akut etkisinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapıldı. Araştırmanın örneklem grubunu Bingöl ili, Gençlik ve Spor Hizmetleri spor kulübünde, en az iki yıl lisanslı olarak basketbol oynayan yaş ortalaması 14,86±,83 (yıl), boy ortalaması 1,68±,09 (cm), vücut ağırlığı 52,79±7,20 (kg), BKI ortalaması 18,60±1,57 (kg/cm2) olan toplam 15 erkek basketbolcudan oluşturuldu. Sporculara ısınmak için 5 dakika hafif tempo koşu uygulandıktan sonra 5 dk boyunca statik germe uygulandı. Dikey sıçrama performansı için CMJ (Countermovement Jump) testi ve SJ (Squad Jump) testi, denge performansını belirlemek için statik ve dinamik denge testi, bacak kuvveti ölçümleri uygulandı. Değerlendirme sonucuna göre basketbolcuların CMJ ve SJ değerlerinin grup içi karşılaştırmalarında p<0.05 düzeyinde istatistiki olarak anlamlı farklılık tespit edildi. Statik denge grup içi karşılaştırmalarında Öne-Arkaya standart sapma, Sağa-Sola Ortalama Salınım hızı, Öne-Arkaya Ortalama Salınım hızı, Basınç merkezi çizim analizi, Salınım Alanı değerlerinde istatistiki olarak anlamlı farklılık tespit edildi p<0.05. Dinamik denge grup içi karşılaştırmalarında Dinamik Denge Performansı, Sağ Salınım Alanı, Sol Salınım Alanı, Sağ Dış Salınım Alanı, Sol Dış Salınım Alanı, Sola Salınım Reaksiyon Zamanı değerlerinde istatistiki olarak anlamlı farklılık tespit edildi p<0.05. Sonuç olarak statik ısınma egzersizlerin basketbolcularda sıçrama ve denge parametrelerinde akut etkisi olarak olumlu etki yaptığı kısa sürede yapılan statik ısınmaların performansı olumlu yönde etkilediği söyleyebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Basketbol, statik ısınma, denge, dikey sıçrama

Destekleyen Kurum

yok

Proje Numarası

yok

Teşekkür

Bingöl gençlik ve spor il müdürlüğüne, sporcularına desteklerinden dolayı teşekkür ederiz

Investigation of The Acute Effect of Static Warm-Up Exercise on Vertical Jump and Balance Performance in Basketball Players

Öz

This research was carried out to determine the acute effect of static warm-up exercises on vertical jump and balance performance in basketball players. The sample group of the study consists of playing basketball with a license for at least two years in Bingöl province, Youth and Sports Services sports club, mean age 14.86±.83 (years), average height 1.68±.09 (cm), body weight 52.79. It was composed of 15 male basketball players with a mean of ±7.20 (kg), BMI of 18.60±1.57 (kg/cm2). After 5 minutes of light tempo jogging was applied to warm up the athletes, static stretching was applied for 5 minutes. For vertical jump performance, CMJ (Countermovement Jump) test and SJ (Squad Jump) test, static and dynamic balance test to determine balance performance, leg strength performance were applied. According to the results of the evaluation, a statistically significant difference was found at the p<0.05 level in the intra-group comparisons of the CMJ and SJ values of the basketball players. Statistically significant difference was found in the static balance in-group comparisons in Forward-Backward Standard Deviation, Right-Left Average Swing velocity, Forward-Backward Average Swing velocity, Pressure center plot analysis, Swing Area values p<0.05. Statistically significant difference was found in Dynamic Balance Performance, Right Swing Area, Left Swing Area, Right External Swing Area, Left External Swing Field, Left Swing Reaction Time values in dynamic balance group comparisons p<0.05. As a result, it can be said that static warm-up exercises have a positive effect on the jump and balance parameters of basketball players as an acute effect, while static warm-ups in a short time affect performance positively.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Basketball, static warm-up, balance, vertical jump

Proje Numarası

yok

Kaynakça

• Alemdaroğlu, U. (2012). The relationship between muscle strength, anaerobic performance, agility, sprint ability and vertical jump performance in professional basketball players. Journal of Human Kinetics, 31(2012), 149-158.
• Anderson, B., & Burke, E. R. (1991). Scientific, medical, and practical aspects of stretching. Clinics in Sports Medicine, 10(1), 63-86.
• Aslan, C., & Çınar, Z. (2017). Aktif veya sedanter kadın ve erkek bireylerin seçilmiş fiziksel ve fizyolojik özelliklerinin karşılattırılması. Spor Hekimliği Dergisi, 47(1), 27-34.
• Aydın, K.(2008). Futbolcular üzerinde uygulanan iki farklı germe tekniğinin dikey sıçrama performansı ve emg değerleri üzerine akut etkileri. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Bolu.
• Bayrakdar, A, Demirhan, B, Zorba, E. (2019). The effect of calisthenics exercises of performed on stable and unstable ground on body fat percentage and performance in swimmers. MANAS Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 8(3), 2979-2992.
• Bayrakdar, A., Kılınç Boz, H.., & Işıldar, Ö. (2020). The investigation of the effect of static and dynamic core training on performance on football players. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise, 22(1), 87-95.
• Bayrakdaroğlu, S., Sever, M. O., Şenel, E., Kılınçarslan, G., & Bayrakdar, A. (2021). Futbolcu çocuklarda terabant egzersizlerine performans yanıtları. Akdeniz Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(3), 371-379.
• Behm, D. G., & Chaouachi, A. (2011). A review of the acute effects of static and dynamic stretching on performance. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 111, 2633-2651.
• Behm, D. G., Bambury, A., Cahill, F., & Power, K. (2004). Effect of acute static stretching on force, balance, reaction time, and movement time. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 36(8), 1397-1402.
• Belkhiria-Turki, L., Chaouachi, A., Turki, O., Hammami, R., Chtara, M., Amri, M.,... & Behm, D. G. (2014). Greater volumes of static and dynamic stretching within a warm-up do not impair star excursion balance performance. J Sports Med Phys Fitness, 54(3), 279-88.
• Best, T. M., & Garrett, W. E. (1993). Warming up and cooling down. Sports injuries: basic principles of prevention and care. London: Blackwell Scientific Publications, 242-251.
• Bishop, D. (2003). Warm up II: performance changes following active warm up and how to structure the warm up. Sports Medicine, 33, 483-498.
• Carvalho F, Prati J, Carvalho M, Dantas E (2009) Acute effects of static stretching and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation on the performance of vertical jump in adolescent tennis players. Fitness Performance Journal, 8(4), 264- 268.
• Costa, P. B., Graves, B. S., Whitehurst, M., & Jacobs, P. L. (2009). The acute effects of different durations of static stretching on dynamic balance performance. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 23(1), 141-147.
• Cramer Jt, Housh Tj, Weir Jp, Johnson Go, Coburn Jw, Beck Tw (2005) The Acute Effects of Static Stretching on Peak Torque, Mean Power Output, Electromyography, and Mechanomyography, European Journal of Applied Physiology, 93: 530-539.
• Delextrat, A., & Cohen, D. (2009). Strength, power, speed, and agility of women basketball players according to playing position. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 23(7), 1974-1981.
• Demir, Y. K. (2018). Statik germe uygulamalarının voleybol oyuncularının dikey sıçrama çeviklik ve sürat performansına olan akut etkileri. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü. Kırıkkale Üniversitesi Hareket ve Antrenman Bilimleri Anabilim Dalı, Kırıkkale.
• Drinkwater, E. J., Pyne, D. B., & McKenna, M. J. (2008). Design and interpretation of anthropometric and fitness testing of basketball players. Sports Medicine, 38, 565-578.
• Erbaş, Ü., & Çakır, Z. (2021) Elit ve elit olmayan tekvandocuların üst ekstremite reaksiyon süreleri ve bacak denge düzeylerinin karşılaştırılması. Uluslararası Güncel Eğitim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 7(1), 89-98.
• Erculj F, Blas M, and Bracic M. (2010). Physical demands on young elite european female basketball players with special reference to speed, agility, explosive strength, and take-off power. Journal of Strength and Condition Reseurch, 24(11): 2970-2978.
• Esmer, O. & Eskiyecek, C. G. (2020). Adölesan basketbolcularda statik ve dinamik isınma-germe egzersizlerinin bazı motorik özelliklerine etkisi. Journal of Social and Humanities Sciences Research, 7(54), 1454-1459.
• Faigenbaum, A.D., Bellucci, M., Bernieri, A., Bakker, B., & Hoorens, K. (2005). Acute effects of different warm-up protocols on fitness performance in children. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 19(2), 376-381.
• Galetin N, Cvetkovic M, Ujsasi D, Cokorilo N, Andrasic S, Lazarevic M.(2017) Effects of statıc stretchıng of varıous duratıons on the vertıcal jump among female volleyball players, Physical Education and Sport, 15(1), 207-217.
• Gül, M., Rejioğlu, G., Gül, G. K. (2020). 10-14 yaş yüzücülere uygulanan farklı isınma protokollerinin esnekliğe etkisi. Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Araştırmaları Dergisi, 12(1), 27-35.
• Handrakis, J. P., Southard, V. N., Abreu, J. M., Aloisa, M., Doyen, M. R., Echevarria, L. M., ... & Douris, P. C. (2010). Static stretching does not impair performance in active middle-aged adults. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 24(3), 825-830.
• Hedrick, A. (1992). Exercise physiology: Physiological responses to warm-up. Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 14(5), 25-27.
• Kahraman, M. Z., Balica, D., & Celik, M. (2023). Genç erkek futsalcılarda farklı ısınma protokollerinin sürat, dikey sıçrama, denge ve bacak kuvvetine akut etkisi. Journal of ROL Sport Sciences, 4(1), 229-246.
• Karvonen, J. (1992). Importance of warm-up and cool down on exercise performance. In Medicine in sports training and coaching (Vol. 35, pp. 189-214). Karger Publishers.
• Kostopoulos N., Bekris E., Apostolidis N., Kavroulakis E., Kostopoulos P. (2012). The effect of a balance and proprioception training program on amateur basketball players’ passing skills. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 12(3):316-323.
• Lewis, N. L., Brismée, J. M., James, C. R., Sizer, P. S., & Sawyer, S. F. (2009). The effect of stretching on muscle responses and postural sway responses during computerized dynamic posturography in women and men. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 90(3), 454-462.
• Malone, T. R., Garrett, W. E., & Zachazewski, E. J. (1996). Athletic injuries and rehabilitation. Muscle: Deformation, injury, repair. Zachazewski EJ, David JM, Quillen WS (Eds), Philadelphia, WB Saunders Co, 71-91.
• Meckell Y, Casorla T, Eliakim A. (2009). The influence of basketball dribbling on repeated sprints. International Journal of Coaching Science, 3(2): 43-56.
• Metaxas, TI, Koutlianos N, Sendelides T, Mandroukas A. (2009). Preseason physi-ological profile of soccer and basketball players in different divisions. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 23(6): 1704–1713.
• Mor, A., Yurtseven, R., Mor, H., & Acar, K. (2021). 11-12 yaş grubu futbolcularda farklı isınma protokollerinin bazı performans parametrelerine etkisi. Spormetre Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 19(4), 72-83.
• Morrin, N., & Redding, E. (2013). Acute effects of warm-up stretch protocols on balance, vertical jump height, and range of motion in dancers. Journal of Dance Medicine & Science, 17(1), 34-40.
• Nelson, A. G., Kokkonen, J., Arnall, D. A., & Li, L. (2012). Acute stretching increases postural stability in nonbalance trained individuals. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 26(11), 3095-3100.
• Palancı Y, Pepe H (2017). Effects of flexibility exercıses in female volleyball players on vertical jump performance, Niğde Üniversitesi, Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 11(3), 243-252.
• Pliauga V, Kamandulis S, Dargevičiūtė G, Jaszczanin J, Klizienė I, Stanislovaitienė J, Stanislovaitis A. (2015). The effect of a simulated basketball game on players’ sprint and jump performance, temperature and muscle damage. Journal of Human Kinetics, 46(1), 167-75.
• Romero-Franco, N., & Jiménez-Reyes, P. (2015). Unipedal postural balance and countermovement jumps after a warm-up and plyometric training session: A randomized controlled trial. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 29(11), 3216-3222.
• Ross, A., & Leveritt, M. (2001). Long-term metabolic and skeletal muscle adaptations to short-sprint training. Sports Medicine, 31, 1063-1082.
• Sargeant, A. J. (1987). Effect of muscle temperature on leg extension force and short-term power output in humans. European journal of applied physiology and occupational physiology, 56, 693-698.
• Sarıkaya, M. (2022). 12-14 yaş kadın taekwondocularda bosu egzersizlerinin biyomotor özelliklere etkisi, 1. Baskı, Efe Akademik Yayıncılık, İstanbul.
• Sarıkaya, M., Satılmış, N., Kayantaş, İ., Kılınçarslan, G., & Bayrakdar, A. (2023). Pnf egzersizlerinin voleybolcularda denge ve sıçrama performansı üzerine akut etkisi var mıdır? The Online Journal of Recreation and Sports, 12(2), 147-160.
• Satılmış, N. (2023) Obez Çocuklara Uygulanan Aerobik Egzersizin Antioksidan ve Oksidan Sistem üzerine etkileri, Nobel Kitabevi, 1. Baskı, Ankara.
• Saygın, Ö., Polat, Y., & Karacabey, K. (2005). Çocuklarda hareket eğitiminin fiziksel uygunluk özelliklerine etkisi. Fırat Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Tıp Dergisi, 19(3), 205-212.
• Sever, O. (2018). Futbolcuların fiziksel uygunluk düzeylerinin mevki ve yaş değişkenlerine göre incelenmesi. 1. Basım, Akademisyen Kitabevi, Ankara.
• Sharma, N., Sharma, A., Sandhu, JS. (2020). Functional performance testing in athletes with functional ankle instability. Asian journal of sports medicine 2.4, s:249.
• Simic, L., Sarabon, N., & Markovic, G. (2013). Does pre-exercise static stretching inhibit maximal muscular performance? A meta-analytical review. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 131-148.
• Subaşı SS, (2008) Gelecek N, Aksakoglu G. Effects of different warm-up periods on knee proprioception and balance in healthy young individuals. J Sport Rehab;17: 186-205.
• Torres, E. M., Kraemer, W. J., Vingren, J. L., Volek, J. S., Hatfield, D. L., Spiering, B. A., ... et al. (2008). Effects of stretching on upper-body muscular performance. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 22(4), 1279-1285.
• Yamaguchi T, Ishii K (2005) Effects of Static Stretching for 30 Seconds and Dynamic Stretching on Leg Extension Power. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 19(3): 677– 683.
• Zakas, A. (2005). The effect of stretching duration on the lower-extremity flexibility of adolescent soccerplayers. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies; 9(3): 220-25.