OECD ÜLKELERİNDE AR-GE HARCAMALARININ YENİLİK ÖLÇÜMLERİNE VE İKTİSADİ BÜYÜMEYE ETKİSİ

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 83 - 0, 31.12.2020

Yasemin Hece Muhammed Furkan Demir Gizem Nazlıcan Güner

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı 23 OECD ülkesinin, 2007-2016 yılları arasındaki Ar-Ge faaliyetleri ile inovasyon çıktıları arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. Bu amaca yönelik olarak Ar-Ge harcamasının gayri safi yurt içi harcama içerisindeki payı Ar-Ge faaliyetlerinin başat ölçütü olarak kabul edilmiştir. İnovasyon çıktıları olarak ülkelerin bilim ve mühendislik alanında hakemli dergilerde yayımlanan makale sayısı, patent başvuru sayıları (yerleşikler), mobil uygulama ve yazılım alanında kurulan girişim şirketi sayısı ve yüksek teknolojili ürün ihracatı verileri alınmıştır. Spearman Sıralama Korelasyonu testi ile analiz edilerek amprik bir araştırma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın sonucunda, seçilen OECD ülkelerinde Ar-Ge harcamalarının gayri safi yurt içi hasıladaki payı ile inovasyon çıktıları arasında pozitif ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki olduğunu gözlemledik. Ar-Ge harcamalarının gayri safi yurt içi hasıladaki payı görece daha yüksek olan OECD ülkelerinde hakemli dergilerde yayımlanan makale sayısı, patent başvuru sayıları, mobil uygulama ve yazılım alanında kurulan girişim şirketi sayısı ve yüksek teknolojili ürün ihracatı hacminin de yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Araştırma ve Geliştirme, İnovasyon, Yüksek Teknoloji, Patent Sayısı

Teşekkür

Asist. Prof. Dr. Osman GÜLSEVEN'e katkılarından dolayı teşekkür ederiz.

The Impact of R&D on Innovation and Economic Growth in OECD Countries

Öz

The aim of this paper is to study the impact of research and development on innovation in 23
OECD countries by examining how innovation outputs vary among countries over the period
2007-2016. In order to examine the relation we use R&D expenditure as percentage of GDP
as the main measure for R&D in a country and apply Spearman Rank Correlation to see how
it is related to innovation outcomes such as number of articles published in science and
engineering, number of patent applications by residents, number of start-ups in mobile apps
and software, and high technology exports. We find that there exists a positive, statistically
significant relation between innovation variables and R&D expenditure (as % of GDP) in
selected countries. OECD countries that have higher R&D expenditure (as% of GDP) tend to
have higher number of scientific publications, higher number of patent applications, higher
number of start-ups in mobile technologies and higher volume of high technology exports.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Research and Development, Innovation, Patent, High Technology Export

Kaynakça

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