ÇOK KRİTERLİ KARAR VERME YÖNTEMLERİYLE EMLAK FİYATLARI VE KONUTA ERİŞEBİLİRLİK AÇISINDAN ŞEHİR KARŞILAŞTIRMALARI

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2, 176 - 217, 01.10.2022

Gökhan Özkaya

Öz

Özellikle pandemi döneminin başlangıcından itibaren dünya genelinde emlak fiyatlarının hızla artmasıyla birlikte düşük ve orta gelirli milyonlarca insan kira ve konut fiyatları nedeniyle önemli sorunlar yaşamaktadır. Buna bağlı olarak, gelirlerinin önemli bir kısmını kira ya da konut kredisine ayırmaları gerekmektedir. Konut kira ve satın alma fiyatları, ortalama aile gelirine göre daha hızlı artmaktadır. 17 Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Hedefi'nin ve 169 ilgili hedefin çoğu, konutla diğer başlıklara göre daha fazla bağlantılıdır. Hükümetler, Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Hedeflerini destekleyen politikalar aracılığıyla tüm bireylerin sosyal, ekonomik ve ekolojik olarak sürdürülebilir toplu-luklarda yeterli ve uygun fiyatlı konutlara erişebildiği ve herkesin tam potansiyeline ulaşabileceği bir ortam sağlamalıdır. Çalışma, konut satın alınabilirliği ve emlak fi-yatlarının performansını ölçmede kullanılan göstergelerin sistematik olarak nasıl analiz edileceğine dair ve karşılaştırma yapabilmek için küme analizi ve çok kriterli karar verme yöntemlerinden oluşan yeni ve özgün bir bütünleşik yaklaşım önermektedir. Gösterge ağırlıkları Critic yöntemi ile objektif olarak belirlendikten sonra 25 ülkeden 60 şehir TOPSIS, VIKOR, PROMETHEE I-II, ARAS, COPRAS, ELECTRE, SAW ve MAUT yöntemleri ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Ayrıca Borda Sayım Metodu ile genel bir ortak sıralama elde edilmiştir. Ayrıca ülkeler ve şehirler bazında değerlendirmeler ve karşılaştırmalar yapılmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

emlak piyasası, erişebilir konut, kentsel eşitsizlik, sürdürülebilir kalkınma hedefleri, ÇKKV

CITY COMPARISONS IN TERMS OF PROPERTY PRICES AND HOUSING AFFORDABILITY THROUGH MULTI-CRITERIA DECISION-MAKING METHODS

Öz

Especially since the beginning of the pandemic period, millions of people with low and middle incomes are experiencing significant problems due to the rapid increase in real estate prices worldwide. Therefore, they have to allocate a significant portion of their income to rent or housing loans. The price of renting and purchasing a home is increasing faster than the average family income. Many of the 17 SDGs and 169 related objectives have a greater connection to housing than others. Governments should provide an environment where all individuals have access to adequate and affordable housing in socially, economically and ecologically sustainable communities, and where everyone can reach their full potential, through policies that support the Sustainable Development Goals. This study proposes a new and original integrated approach consisting of cluster analysis and multi-criteria decision-making methods to systematically analyse indicators and compare the performance of housing affordability and property prices in cities. After determining the indicator weights objectively with the Critic method, 60 cities from 25 countries are compared with TOPSIS, VIKOR, PROMETHEE I-II, ARAS, COPRAS, ELECTRE, SAW and MAUT methods. Also, a general common ranking was obtained with the Borda Count Method. In addition, evaluations and comparisons are made in terms of countries and cities.

Anahtar Kelimeler

property market, affordable housing, urban inequality, sustainable development goals, MCDM

Kaynakça

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