Measles Complication: Sensorineural Hearing Loss. Case Report and Review of the Literature

Abstract

Measles is one of the viral infections frequently seen in childhood. Incidence and severe complications such as hearing loss significantly decreased with national vaccination programmes. A 5 year old boy who had vaccinated two doses, experienced severe measles two years ago, was consulted with hearing loss complaint. The hearing loss was confirmed with audiological parameters as sensorineural hearing loss. Sensorineural hearing loss was considered as a complication of severe measles, after elimination of other causes. In childhood, sensorineural hearing loss can develop due to otoimmune, traumatic and vascular diseases or viral infections such as measles. In conclusion, it is known that the degree and the complications of measles has been decreased by vaccination programmes. However, despite vaccination, measles and, some of its complications such as hearing loss should not be forgotten that they may still be seen. Key words: Measles, Sensorineural Hearing Loss, Otosclerosis

Keywords

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Kızamık Komplikasyonu: Sensörinöral Tip İşitme Kaybı. Olgu Sunumu ve Literatürün Gözden Geçirilmesi

Öz

Kızamık, çocukluk çağında sık görülen viral enfeksiyonlardan biridir. Ulusal aşılama programları sayesinde, hem görülme sıklığı hem de işitme kaybı dahil bir çok komplikasyonu anlamlı derecede azalmıştır. İki doz kızamık aşısı yapılmış olmasına rağmen, iki yıl önce ağır seyreden kızamık sonrası, sağ kulakta işitme kaybı farkedilen beş yaşındaki erkek çocuğun yapılan incelemeleri sonrasında sensörinöral işitme kaybı saptandı. Gelişen sensörinöral tip işitme kaybı, diğer nedenler ekarte edildikten sonra iki yıl önce geçirilen kızamığın komplikasyonu olarak değerlendirildi. Çocukluk çağında sensörinöral tip işitme kaybı kalıtsal, metobolik, toksik, otoimmun, travmatik ve vasküler nedenlerle ilişkili olabileceği gibi, kızamık ve diğer viral infeksiyonlar sonrasında da gelişebilir. Sonuç olarak, kızamığın şiddet ve komplikasyonlarının, aşılama programları sayesinde azaldığı bilinmektedir. Ancak, aşılamaya rağmen kızamığa ve işitme fonksiyonlarının kaybını da içeren birtakım komplikasyonlarına rastlanılabileceği unutulmamalıdır. Anahatar Kelimeler: Kızamık, Sensörinöral Işitme Kaybı, Otoskleroz.

Anahtar Kelimeler

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Kaynakça

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