Öz
Marine aquaculture in Turkey has been rapidly growing during the last two decades in the coastal zone. This growth has led the government to take measures to reduce environmental degradation. After the new regulation for aquaculture, in 2007, most sea farm cages were relocated from shallow water to relatively deeper areas in Gulluk Bay. In this study a spatial analysis of marine fish farming was performed, using several GIS data layers to assess Allocated Aquaculture Zone (AZA) and to monitor operations. A spatial analysis of fish farming the Gulluk Bay in the context of the other major sea users and their relative percentages in the sea use pattern were determined. The Allocated Aquaculture Zone (AZA) amounted to 20.8 % of total water surface area; licensed cage areas occupied 0.45%, trawl areas 34.4%, important natural areas 35.4% and multiusage zones the rest. The study used water quality index (TRIX) data for evaluation in conjunction with GIS. The study shows how different terrestrial and marine activities interact with each other, and that certain areas are subject to layers of multiple usages and water quality index (TRIX) data was evaluated by using a GIS.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- EIA, 2008. Mugla-Milas Fish Farming Environmental Impact Assessment Report. Mugla, Turkey, 126 pp, (In Turkish).
- FAO, 2012. Draft of Guidelines for establishment of Allocated Zones for Aquaculture (AZA) in the Mediterranean countries. General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean Studies and Reviews No. 93, 35 pp.
- IMST-165, 2008. MED POL PHASE IV Long term biomonitoring, trend and compliance monitoring program in coastal areas from Aegean Northeastern
- Mediterranean and Eutrophication monitoring in Mersin Bay Final Report. Izmir –Turkey, 257 pp. IMST-DEU/BAP, 2012. Project no.KB.FEN.025. GIS for Integrated Coastal Management in the Bayof Gulluk and for the Determination of Marine and Coastal Areas of Use, Final Report. Izmir –Turkey, 19 pp.
- IU, 2006. Project to determine possible parameters and of pollution for Sensitive Areas of Mugla Province in relation to proposed new Aquaculture Areas, 94 pp (In Turkish).
- MARA (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) Report, 19 Research project of Gulluk Lagun. Institute of Fishery in Bodrum, Turkey, 41pp (In Turkish). MARA, 2008. Notification of Fishery Regulation. Turkish Official Gazette No. 26974, (In Turkish)
- MARA-FAO, 2009. Report Developing a Roadmap for Turkish Marine Aquaculture Site Selection and Zoning Using an Ecosystem Approach to Management Project TCP-TUR-3101, 44 pp.
- MEDPOL, 2009. MED POL PHASE IV Long term biomonitoring, trend and compliance monitoring program in coastal areas from Aegean Northeastern Mediterranean and Eutrophication monitoring in Mersin Bay Final Report, 396 pp.
- MEF, 2007. The notification to identify the closed bay and gulf qualified sensitive where fish farms are not suitable to be established in the seas. Turkish Official Gazette No. 26413 (In Turkish).
- MEF, 2009. The notification to monitor of fish farming facilities . Turkish Official Gazette No. 27257 (In Turkish).
- ÇOB, 2012. Aydin-Mugla-Denizli Planning Region 1/100 000 Scale Environment Master Plan Information
- Report. General Directorate of EIA and Planning. 141 pp (In Turkish). MEF, 2010. Aydin-Mugla-Denizli Planning Region 1/100 000 Scale Environment Master Plan Information Report. General Directorate of EIA and Planning. 141 pp (In Turkish).
- MEF, 2011. General Directory of Nature Protection and National Parks. (http://gis2.cevreorman.gov.tr/mp/)
- Tokac, A., Unal, V., Tosunoglu, Z., Akyol, O., Ozbilgin, H. and Gokce, G. 2010. Aegean Sea fisheries. DTO Izmir Publications, Izmir, 390 pp (In Turkish).
- TURKSTAT, 2010. Fishery Statistics Prime Ministry Republic of Turkey Turkish Statistical Institute Fishery Statistics in 2009. ISSN 1013-6177 (In Turkish) (http://www.turkstat.gov.tr)
- TKDK, 2013. Official web page of Republic of Turkey Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock http://www.tkdk.gov.tr/BasvuruFiles/BasvuruPaketiH azirlamaDokumanlari/KirsalAlan/KirsalAlan.xls, (Accessed date, Jan18, 2013) (in Turkish).
- Volleinweider, R.A., Giovanardi, F., Montanari, G. and Rinaldi, A. 1998. Characterization of the trophic conditions of marine coastal waters, with special reference to the NW Adriatic Sea: proposal for a trophic scale, turbidity and generalized water quality index. Environmetrics, 9: 329–357. doi: 1002/(SICI)1099-095X (199805/06)9:3<329::AIDENV308>3.0.CO;2-9
- Yucel-Gier, G., Pazi, I., Kucuksezgin, F.and Kocak, F. 20 The composite trophic status index (TRIX) as a potential tool for the regulation of Turkish marine aquaculture as applied to the eastern Aegean coast (Izmir Bay) J. Appl. Ichthyol., 27: 39–4. doi: 10.1111/j.1439042010.01576.x
Öz
Türkiye’de deniz yetiştiriciliği kıyısal alanlarda son 20 yıl boyunca hızlı bir şekilde artış göstermiştir. Bunun sonucu olarak hükümet, çevrede oluşan negatif etkilerin azaltılması yolunda önlemler almıştır. 2007 yılında yayınlanan yönetmelikten sonra birçok balık çiftliği Güllük Körfezi’nin kıyı sularından daha derin sulara taşınmıştır. Bu çalışmada, balık çiftliklerinin alansal analizleri ve izleme çalışmaları CBS veri katmanları kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Güllük Körfezi’nde balık çiftliklerinin alansal analizi, diğer deniz kullanıcıları ve kullanım alan yüzdeleri ile birlikte tanımlanmıştır. Deniz yetiştiriciliğine ayrılan alan körfezin %20.8 (yetiştiricilik için kiralanan alan körfezin %0.45’ini), trol alanı %34.4, önemli doğa alanı %35.4’ünü kapsamakta olup, kalan deniz alanının ise birden fazla kullanıcıya ait olduğu belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada kullanılan su kalite indeksi (TRIX) değerlendirilmesinde CBS kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışmada farklı karasal ve denizel kullanıcıların birbiriyle ilişkileri, bazı alanların çoklu kullanıcıları olduğu ve su kalite indeksinin CBS ile değerlendirilebileceği gösterilmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- EIA, 2008. Mugla-Milas Fish Farming Environmental Impact Assessment Report. Mugla, Turkey, 126 pp, (In Turkish).
- FAO, 2012. Draft of Guidelines for establishment of Allocated Zones for Aquaculture (AZA) in the Mediterranean countries. General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean Studies and Reviews No. 93, 35 pp.
- IMST-165, 2008. MED POL PHASE IV Long term biomonitoring, trend and compliance monitoring program in coastal areas from Aegean Northeastern
- Mediterranean and Eutrophication monitoring in Mersin Bay Final Report. Izmir –Turkey, 257 pp. IMST-DEU/BAP, 2012. Project no.KB.FEN.025. GIS for Integrated Coastal Management in the Bayof Gulluk and for the Determination of Marine and Coastal Areas of Use, Final Report. Izmir –Turkey, 19 pp.
- IU, 2006. Project to determine possible parameters and of pollution for Sensitive Areas of Mugla Province in relation to proposed new Aquaculture Areas, 94 pp (In Turkish).
- MARA (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) Report, 19 Research project of Gulluk Lagun. Institute of Fishery in Bodrum, Turkey, 41pp (In Turkish). MARA, 2008. Notification of Fishery Regulation. Turkish Official Gazette No. 26974, (In Turkish)
- MARA-FAO, 2009. Report Developing a Roadmap for Turkish Marine Aquaculture Site Selection and Zoning Using an Ecosystem Approach to Management Project TCP-TUR-3101, 44 pp.
- MEDPOL, 2009. MED POL PHASE IV Long term biomonitoring, trend and compliance monitoring program in coastal areas from Aegean Northeastern Mediterranean and Eutrophication monitoring in Mersin Bay Final Report, 396 pp.
- MEF, 2007. The notification to identify the closed bay and gulf qualified sensitive where fish farms are not suitable to be established in the seas. Turkish Official Gazette No. 26413 (In Turkish).
- MEF, 2009. The notification to monitor of fish farming facilities . Turkish Official Gazette No. 27257 (In Turkish).
- ÇOB, 2012. Aydin-Mugla-Denizli Planning Region 1/100 000 Scale Environment Master Plan Information
- Report. General Directorate of EIA and Planning. 141 pp (In Turkish). MEF, 2010. Aydin-Mugla-Denizli Planning Region 1/100 000 Scale Environment Master Plan Information Report. General Directorate of EIA and Planning. 141 pp (In Turkish).
- MEF, 2011. General Directory of Nature Protection and National Parks. (http://gis2.cevreorman.gov.tr/mp/)
- Tokac, A., Unal, V., Tosunoglu, Z., Akyol, O., Ozbilgin, H. and Gokce, G. 2010. Aegean Sea fisheries. DTO Izmir Publications, Izmir, 390 pp (In Turkish).
- TURKSTAT, 2010. Fishery Statistics Prime Ministry Republic of Turkey Turkish Statistical Institute Fishery Statistics in 2009. ISSN 1013-6177 (In Turkish) (http://www.turkstat.gov.tr)
- TKDK, 2013. Official web page of Republic of Turkey Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock http://www.tkdk.gov.tr/BasvuruFiles/BasvuruPaketiH azirlamaDokumanlari/KirsalAlan/KirsalAlan.xls, (Accessed date, Jan18, 2013) (in Turkish).
- Volleinweider, R.A., Giovanardi, F., Montanari, G. and Rinaldi, A. 1998. Characterization of the trophic conditions of marine coastal waters, with special reference to the NW Adriatic Sea: proposal for a trophic scale, turbidity and generalized water quality index. Environmetrics, 9: 329–357. doi: 1002/(SICI)1099-095X (199805/06)9:3<329::AIDENV308>3.0.CO;2-9
- Yucel-Gier, G., Pazi, I., Kucuksezgin, F.and Kocak, F. 20 The composite trophic status index (TRIX) as a potential tool for the regulation of Turkish marine aquaculture as applied to the eastern Aegean coast (Izmir Bay) J. Appl. Ichthyol., 27: 39–4. doi: 10.1111/j.1439042010.01576.x
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 1 Ağustos 2013 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2013 |