DNA Barcoding Resolves Taxonomic Ambiguity in Mugilidae of Parangipettai Waters (Southeast Coast of India)

Yıl 2013, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 2, - , 01.04.2013

M. Ashiq Ur Rahman S. Ajmal Khan P. S. Lyla C. Prasanna Kumar

https://doi.org/10.4194/1303-2712-v13_2_14

Öz

Species delineation among three genera and ten species of mullets (Family : Mugilidae) (Liza macrolepis, Liza parsia, Liza planiceps, Liza subviridis, Liza tade, Liza vaigiensis, Mugil cephalus, Valamugil cunnesius, Valamugil seheli, Valamugil speigleri) occurring in Parangipettai coastal waters was attempted using morphological characters and by sequencing the partial mitochondrial Cytochrome C Oxidase subunit I gene. The first three principal components (PCA) explained 90.82 % of the total variation in the 25 morphometric characters. Characters with high loadings (≥ 0.8) in the first component such as snout to I dorsal, snout to II dorsal, snout to anal, standard length, fork length and total length were selected for delineating all the 10 species using Canonical Analysis of Principal Coordinates (CAP). In spite of its robustness CAP failed to separate the species and there was high overlapping. On the contrary, all the 10 species could be clearly differentiated with COI gene sequences. While COI was found to be good for species level identification, other markers have to be used in conjunction with COI to study the phylogeny and to know the evolutionary history of mugilids.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Mullets, CAP, COI, morphometry, species delineation

Kaynakça

• Anderson, M.J., Gorley, R.N. and Clarke, K.R. 2008. PERMANOVA for PRIMER: guide to software and statistical methods. PRIMER–E Ltd., Plymouth, United Kingdom, 214pp.
• Avise, J.C. and Walker, D. 2000. Abandon all species concepts? A response. Conserv Genet, 1: 77– 88.
• Avsar, D. 1994. Diet and feeding behavior of scaldfish (Arnoglossus laterna Walbaum, 1792) in the bay of Mersin. Acta Adriatica, 34(1/2): 89– 101.
• Bembo, D.G., Carvalho, G.R., Cingolani, N., Arneri, E., Giannetti, G. and Pitcher, T.J. 1996. Allozymic and morphometric evidence for two stocks of the European anchovy Engraulis encrasicolus in Adriatic waters. Marine Biology, 126: 529–538.
• Caldara, F., Bargelloni, L., Ostellari, L., Penzo, E., Colombo, L. and Patarnello, T. 1996. Molecular phylogeny of grey mullets based on mitochondrial DNA sequence analysis: evidence of a differential rate of evolution at the intrafamily level. Mol Phylogenet Evol, 6: 416– 424.
• Corti, M., Thorpe, R.S., Sola, L., Sbordani, V. and Cataduella, S. 1988. Multivariate morphometrics in aquaculture: a case study of six stocks of the common carp (Cyprinus carpio) from Italy. Can J Fish Aquat Sci, 45: 1548– 1554.
• Delgado, J.V., Molina, A., Lobillo, J., Alonso, A. and Camacho M.E. 1992. Morphometrical study on the chromosomes of three species of mullet (Teleostei: Mugilidae). Caryologia, 45: 263– 271.
• Durand, J.D., Chen, W.J., Shen, K.N., Fu, C. and Borsa, P. 20 Genus-level taxonomic changes implied by the mitochondrial phylogeny of grey mullets (Teleostei: Mugilidae). C. R. Biologies, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.crvi.2012.09.005 ;
• Fontdevila, A. and Moya, 2003. A. La especiacio´n: modelos y casos de estudio. In: evolucio´n: origen, adaptacio´n y divergencia de lasespecies. Sı´ntesis, Madrid, 165– 224.
• Fraga, E., Schneider, H., Nirchio, M., Santa-Brigida, E., Rodrigues- Filho, L.F. and Sampaio, I. 2007. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of mullets (Mugilidae, Mugiliformes) based on two mitochondrial genes. J Appl Ichthyol, 23: 598– 604.
• Fre´zal, L. and Leblois, R. 2008. Four years of DNA barcoding: current advances and prospects. Infection, Genetics and Evolution, 8: 727– 736.
• Gilbert, C.R. 1993. Geographic distribution of the striped mullet (Mugil cephalus) in the Atlantic and Eastern Pacific ocean. Fla Sci, 56: 204–210.
• Gornung, E., Cordisco, C.A., Rossi, A.R., De Innocentiis, S., Crosetti, D. and Sola, L. 2001. Chromosomal evolution in Mugilidae: karyotype characterization of Liza saliens and comparative localization of major and minor ribosomal genes in the six Mediterranean mullets. Mar Biol, 139: 55– 60.
• Gornung, E., Mannarelli, M.E., Rossi, A.R. and Sola, L. 200 Chromosomal evolution in Mugilidae (Pisces, Mugiliformes): FISH mapping of the (TTAGGG) telomeric repeat in the six Mediterranean mullets. Hereditas, 2004, 140: 158– 159, doi: 10.1111/j.160152 2004.01784.x ;
• Harrison, I.J. and Howes, G.J. 1991. The pharyngobranchial organ of mugilid fishes. Its structure, variability, ontogeny, possible function and taxonomic utility. Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History, 57: 111– 132.
• Hendry, A.P., Vamosi, S.M., Latham, S.J., 2000. Questioning species realities. Conserv Genet, 1: 67–
• Hickerson, M.J., Meyer, C.P. and Moritz, C. 2006. DNA barcoding will often fail to discover new animal species over broad parameter space. Systematic Biology, 55: 729– 739.
• Holden, M.J. and Raitt, D.F.S. 1974. Manual of fisheries science. Part 2. Methods of resource investigations and their application. (Ed.), FAO, Rome, Italy.
• Kumar, C.P., John, B.A., Khan, S.A., Lyla, P.S., Murugan, S., Rozihan, M. and Jalal, K.C.A. 2011. Efficiency of universal barcode gene (cox1) on morphologically cryptic Mugilidae fishes delineation. Tr in Appl Sci Res, 6(9): 1028– 1036.
• Kunz, W. 2002. When is a parasite species a species? Trends in Parasitology, 18: 121– 124.
• Locke, S.A., McLaughlin, J.D. and Marcogliese, D.J. 2010. DNA barcodes show cryptic diversity and a potential physiological basis for host specificity among Diplostomoidea (Platyhelminthes: Digenea) parasitizing freshwater fishes in the St. Lawrence River, Canada. Molecular Ecology, 19: 2813– 2827.
• Menezes, N.A. 1983. Guiapra´ticoparaconhecimento e identificac ¸a˜o das tainhas e paratis (Pisces, Mugilidae) do litoralbrasileiro. Rev Bras Zool, 2: 1–
• Nelson, J.S. 1994. Fishes of the world. Wiley, New York.
• Nirchio, M., Cervigon, F., Porto, J.I.R., Perez, J.E., Gomez, J.A. and Villalaz J. 2003. Karyotype supporting Mugil curema Valenciennes, 1836 and Mugil gaimardianus Desmarest, 1831 (Mugilidae: Teleostei) as two valid nominal species. Sci Mar, 67: 113– 115.
• Papasotiropoulos, V., Klossa-Kilia, E., Kilias, G. and Alahiotis, S. 200 Genetic divergence and phylogenetic relationships in grey mullets (Teleostei: Mugilidae) using allozyme data. Biochem Genet, 39: 155– 168. Papasotiropoulos, V., Klossa-Kilia, E., Kilias, G. and Alahiotis, S. 200 Genetic divergence and phylogenetic relationships in grey mullets (Teleostei: Mugilidae) based on PCR– RFLP analysis of mtDNA segments. Biochem Genet, 40: 71– 86. Papasotiropoulos, V., Klossa-Kilia, E., Kilias, G. and Alahiotis, S. 2007. Molecular phylogeny of grey mullets (Teleostei: Mugilidae) in Greece: evidence from sequence analysis of mtDNA segments. Biochem Genet, 45: 623– 636.
• Pillay, T.V.R. 1954. The biology of the grey mullet, Mugil tade Forskal with observations on its fishery in Bengal. Proc Natl Inst Sci India, 20(2): 187– 217.
• Poulin, R. Keeney, D.B. 2007. Host specificity under molecular and experimental scrutiny. Trends in Parasitology, 24: 24– 28.
• Price, P.W. 1996. Species concept. In: biological evolution. Saunders College Publishing, Philadelphia, 59– 73pp.
• Reddy, P.S.R. 1977. Biosystematic studies in mullets (Family: Mugilidae) of Porto Novo (Tamil Nadu, S. India). PhD thesis. Annamalai University, India.
• Rossi, A.R., Crosetti, D., Gornung, E. and Sola, L. 1996. Cytogenetic analysis of global populations of Mugil cephalus (striped mullet) by different staining techniques and fluorescent in situ hybridization. Heredity, 76: 77– 82.
• Rossi, A.R., Gornung, E. and Crosetti, D. 1997. Cytogenetic analysis of Liza ramada (Pisces, Perciformes) by different staining techniques and fluorescent in situ hybridization. Heredity, 79: 83– 87.
• Rossi, A.R., Capula, M., Crosetti, D., Campton, D.E. and Sola, L. 1998. Genetic divergence and phylogenetic inferences in five species of Mugilidae (Pisces: Perciformes). Mar Biol, 131: 213–218.
• Rossi, A.R., Gornung, E., Crosetti, D., De Innocentiis, S. and Sola, L. 2000. Cytogenetic analysis of Oedalechilus labeo (Pisces: Mugilidae), with report of NOR variability. Mar Biol, 136: 159– 162.
• Rossi, A.R., Ungaro, A., De Innocentiis, S., Crosetti, D. and Sola, L. 2004. Phylogenetic analysis of Mediterranean mugilids by allozymes and 16S mt-rRNA genes investigation: are the Mediterranean species of Liza monophyletic? Biochem Genet, 42: 301– 315.
• Sarojini, K.K. 1953. Mugil dussumieri Valenciennes as a synonym of M. parsia Hamilton, a biometric study. Proc Natl Inst Sci India, 19(3): 437– 445.
• Schultz, L.P. 1946. A revision of the genera of mullets, fishes of the family Mugilidae, with descriptions of three new genera. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 96: 377– 395.
• Semina, A.V., Polyakova, N.E. and Brykov, V.A. 2007. Analysis of mitochondrial DNA: taxonomic phylogenetic relationships in two fish taxa (Pisces: Mugilidae and Cyprinidae). Biochemistry, 72: 1349– 13
• Shepherd, G. 1991. Meristis and morphometric variation in black sea bass north of Cape Hatteras, North Carolina. N Am J Fish Manag, 11: 139–148.
• Stiassny, M.L.J. 1993. What are grey mullets? Bull Mar Sci, 52: 197– 219.
• Tamura, K., Dudley, J., Nei, M. and Kumar, S. 2007. MEGA 4: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (MEGA) software version 4.0. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 24: 1596– 1599.
• Thomson, J.M. 1954. The Mugilidae of Australia and adjacent seas. Aust. J. Mar. Freshwat. Res, 5 (1): 70– 1
• Thomson, J.M. 1981. The taxonomy of grey mullets. In: Oren O H, eds. Aquaculture of Grey Mullets. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1–15pp.
• Thomson, J.M. 1997. The Mugilidae of the world. Mem Qld Mus, 41: 457–562.
• Trewavas, E. and Ingham, S.E. 1972. A key to the species of Mugilidae (Pisces) in the northeastern Atlantic and Mediterranean, with explanatory notes. Journal Zoology, 167: 15– 29 doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7998.1972. tb017x ;
• Turan, C., Caliskan, M. and Kucuktas, H. 2005. Phylogenetic relationships of nine mullet species (Mugilidae) in the Mediterranean Sea. Hydrobiologia, 532: 45– 51.
• Turan, C., Gurlek, M., Erguden, D., Yaghoglu, D. and Ozturk, B. 2011. Systematic status of nine Mullet species (Mugilidae) in the Mediterranean sea. Turkish journal of Fisheries and aquatic sciences, 11: 315– 3
• Ward, R.D., Zemlak, T.S., Innes, B.H., Last, P.R. and Hebert, P.D.N. 2005. DNA barcoding Australia’s fish species. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci, 360: 1847– 1857.