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Immunohistochemical and Partial Characterization Studies of Carbonic Anhydrase in the Brain of Teleost Fish Cyprinus carpio

Yıl 2013, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 2, - , 01.04.2013

S. M. Rahim S. J. Abdurrahman E. M. Taha H. F. Hassan K. D. Simon A. G. Mazlan

https://doi.org/10.4194/1303-2712-v13_2_16

Öz

Carbonic anhydrase (CA) activity is related to a variety of intermingled biological processes, including respiration, ionic transport, acid-base balance, and calcification. Carps Cyprinus carpio were investigated with respect to purification, partial characterization, and immunohistochemical localization of brain CA. The enzyme was purified up to 72 fold by affinity chromatography on sulfanilamide sepharose gel. The result is a yield of 59.6% and a specific activity of 1143 EU/mg protein with an apparent molecular weight of 28.6 kDa. The optimum pH and temperature were observed at 8.0 and 35 ºC, respectively. Ions of Na+, K+, Mg2+, and Ca2+ at concentrations of 1, 5, and 10 mM exhibited up to 25% to 30% inhibition on brain CA activity, whereas Cl- exhibited the most inhibition on enzyme activity. Acetazolamide also displayed significant inhibition on brain CA activity (54%, 83%, and 92% at respective concentrations of 1, 5, and 10 mM). Antibodies against purified gill CA from trout Oncorhynchus mykiss reacted positively only to one band corresponding to CA in carp brain supernatant. Immunohistochemical staining was observed in oligodendrocytes, its processes, and in myelinated fibers. Our findings are similar to those of previous studies on higher vertebrates CA II.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Teleost fish enzyme purification immunohistochemistry metal ions oligodendrocytes

Kaynakça

  • Andrews, P. 1962. Estimation of the molecular weight of protein by sephadex gel filtration. Nature , 91: 2222
  • Aspatwar, A., Tolvanen, M.E.E., and Parkkila, S. 2010. Phylogeny and expression of CA-related proteins. BMC molecular biology, 11:25-42.
  • Bayram, E., Senturk, M., Kufrevioglu, O.I., Supuran, C.T. 200 In vitro inhibition of salicylic acid derivatives on human cytosolic carbonic anhydrase isozymes I and II. Bioorg. Med. Chem., 16: 9101– 9
  • Beydemir, S., Bulbul, M., Hisar, O., Soyut, H., Yanık, T. 200 Carbonic anhydrase: Affinity purification and kinetic properties from rainbow trout lens. Int. J. Appl. Chem., 2:45–55. Bond, G.M., Stringer, J., and Brandvold, D.K. 2001. Development of integrated system of biomimetic CO2 sequestration using the enzyme carbonic anhydrase . Energy Fuel, 15: 309-316.
  • Cammer, W. and Tansey, F. A. 1987. Immunocytochemical localization of carbonic anhydrase in myelinated fibers in peripheral nervous of rat and mouse. J. Histochem. Cytochem., 35: 865-870.
  • Cammer, W. 1984. Carbonic anhydrase in oligodendrocyts and myelin in the central nervous system. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci., 429: 494-497.
  • Ceyhun, S.B., Sentük, M., Yerlikaya, E., Erdogan, O., Kufrevioglu, O. I. and Ekinci, D. 2011 . Purification and characterization of carbonic anhydrase from the teleost fish Dicentrarchus labrax ( European seabass ) liver and toxicological effect of metal on enzyme activity. Environ. Toxicol. Pharma., 32: 69-74. doi:1016/j.etap.2011.03.013.
  • Churg, A. 1973. Carbonic anhydrase histochemistry : evidence for non-enzymatic reaction and artifact production. Histochimie, 36:293-302.
  • Delaunoy, J. P., Langui, D., Ghandour, S., and Sensenbrenner, M.1986. Carbonic anhydrase in young and mature cultured rat glial cells. Advances in the biosciences, 61:77-85.
  • Delaunoy, J.P. 1983. Etude du I' anhydrase carbonique (ECI.l) dans le systeme nerveux central du rat. P h D thesis, Strasbourg, Uni. Louis-Pasteur, France.
  • Ekinci, D. , Ceyhun, S. B., Sentürk, M., Erdem, D., Küfrevioglu, O. I. and Supuran, C.T.2011. Characterization and anions inhibition studies of an  -carbonic anhydrase from the teleost fish Dicentrarchus labrax . Bioorg. Med. Chem., 19:7447 doi:10.1016/j.bmc.2010.12.033.
  • Ekinci, D., and Beydemir, S. 2010. Risk assessment of pesticides and fungicides for acid - base regulation and salt transport in rainbow trout tissues. Pestic. Biochem. Physiol., 97:66-70. doi:1016/j.pestbp.2009.12.006.
  • Esbaugh, A.J., Perry,S.F., Bayaa, M., Georgalis, T., Nickerson, J., Tufts, B. L., Gilmour, K. M., 2005. Cytoplasmic carbonic anhydrase isozymes in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss: comparative physiology and molecular evolution. J. Exp. Biol., 208: 195119 doi:10.1242/jeb.01551.
  • Evans, D.H., Piermarini, P.M., Choe, K.P.2005. The multifunctional fish gill: dominant site of gas exchange, osmoregulation, acid-base regulation and excretion of nitrogenous waste. Physiol. Rev. 85(1):97-117.
  • Filippi, D., Sciaky, M. Limozin, N. and Laurent, G. 1978. Anhydrase carbonique du system nerveux central du rat. Isolement et proprietes. Biochimie., 60: 99-102.
  • Georgalis, T., Gilmour, K. M., Yorston, J., Perry, S.F., 200 Roles of cytosolic and membrane-bound carbonic anhydrase in renal control of acid-base balance in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Am. J. Physio.l Renal. Physiol., 291:F407–F421. doi: 1152/ajprenal.00328.2005
  • Ghandour, M.S., Langley, O. K., Vincendon, G., Gombos, G., Filippi, D., Limozin, N., Dalmasso, D., Lauren, G. 19 Immunochemical and immunohistochemical study of carbonic anhydrase II in adult rat cerebellum: a marker for oligodendrocytes. Neuroscience., 5: 5595
  • Gilmour, K.M. 2012. New insights into the many functions of carbonic anhydrase into fish gills. Resp. Physiol. Neurobiol. doi.org/10.1016/j.resp.2012.06.001.
  • Gilmour, K.M.2010. Perspective on carbonic anhydrase. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 157: 193-1 doi:1016/j.cbpa.2010.06.161.
  • Gilmour, K.M., Perry, S.F., 2009. Carbonic anhydrase and acid-base regulation in fish. J. Exp. Biol., 212:164716 doi:10.1242/jeb.029181.
  • Hall, G. H. R., and Schraer, R.1983. Characterization of a high activity isozyrne purified from erythrocytes of Salmo gairdneri. Comp. Biol. Chem. Physiol. 758: 81Henry, R. P.1996. Multiple roles of carbonic anhydrase in cellular transports and metabolism. Annu. Rev. Physiol, 58:523-538.
  • Heisler, N.1984. Acid-base regulation in fishes. In : Hoar VS, Randall DG, editors. fish physiology.10a., New York; Academic Press, 10a:166-201.
  • Hilvo, M., A.Innocenti, S.M. Monti, G. De simone, C.T. Supuran, and Perry, S. F. 2008. Recent advance in research on the most novel carbonic anhydrases, CA XIII and CA XV. Curr. Pharmaceut. Des., 14: 6726
  • Kida, E., Palminiello, S., Golabek, A.A., Walus, M., Wierzba-Bobrwicz, T., Rabe, A., Albertini,G., Wisniewski, K.E. 2006. Carbonic anhydrase II in the developing and adult human brain. J. Neuropathol. Exp.,65(7):664-74.
  • Kumpulainen, T. 1981. Human carbonic anhydrase isozyme C. effect of some fixative on the antigenicity and improvements in the method of localization. Histochem, 72: 425-431.
  • Kumpulainen T., and Korhonen, L. K. 19 Immunohistochemical demonstration of carbonic anhydrase. Histochern., 58:183-192. Lin, T.Y., Liao,B.K., Horng, J.L., Yah, J.J. Hsiao, C.D. and Hwang P.P. 2008. Carbonic anhydrase 2-like a and 15a are involved in acid-base regulation and Na + uptake in Zebra fish H + -ATPase-rich cells. Am. J. Physiol., 294:C1250 C60 doi: 1152/ajpcell.00021.2008.
  • Li, Li., Fu, M. L., Yong-hao, Zhao, Y. H., and Zhu, Y. T. 20 Characterization of carbonic anhydrase II from Chlorella vulgaris in bio-CO 2 capture. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. doi 10.1007/s11356-012-1077-8.
  • Linser, P.J., Smith, K., Angelides, K. 1985. A comparative analysis of glial and neuronal markers in the retina of fish: Variable character of horizontal cells. J. Comp. Neurology., 237(2) : 264-2 doi: 1002/cne.902370210.
  • Lowry, 0.H. 1951. Protein measurement with folin phenol reagent. J. Biol. Chem., 193: 265-75.
  • Laemmli, U.K. 1970. Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature, 227: 680-685.
  • Maren, T.H.1967. Carbonic anhydrase: chemistry, physiology and inhibition. Physiol. Rev, 47: 595-782.
  • Marriq, C., Giraud, N., and Laurent, G. 1974. Isolement de l’anhydrase carbonic erythrocytaire bovine par chromatographie d’affinité . C. R. Acad. Sci. ,279:1325-1328.
  • Meldrum, N.U. and Roughten, F.J.W. 1933. Carbonic anhydrase: its preparation and properties. J. Physiol. (London) , 80: 113-142.
  • Muther, T.F. 1977. On the lack of specificity of the cobalt bicarbonate method for carbonic anhydrase. J. Histochem. Cytochem., 25: 1043-1050.
  • Ozensoy, O., Kockar, F., and Arsalan, O.Isik, S., Supuran, C.T., and Lyon, M. 2006 An evaluation of cytosolic erythrocyte carbonic anhydrase and catalase in carcinoma patient: An elevation of carbonic anhydrase activity. Clin. Biochem., 39: 804-809.
  • Parthe, V. 1981. Histochemical localization of carbonic anhydrase in vertebrate nervous tissue. J. Neurosci. Res. 6(1): 119–131.
  • Parkkila, M. D. and Parkkila, A. K.1996. Carbonic anhydrase in the alimentary tract. J. Gastroenterol, 31: 305-3 17.
  • Rahim, S.M., Mazlan, A.G., Simon, K.D., Delaunoy, J-P., Laurent, P. 2013. Immunocytochemical Localization of Carbonic Anhydrase in the Pseudobranch Tissue of the Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. J zhejiang uni-Sci-B (Biomed & Biotechnol). doi: 1631/jzus.B1200297.
  • Rahim, S.M., Hassan H. F., M.F. Namiq, M. F.,and Rasheed A. A. 2001a . Study of biochemical properties of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase in gill tissue of carp fish Cyprinus carpio. Tik. j. for pure sci., 8: 1-16.
  • Rahim, S.M., Hassan H. F., Namiq, M. F.,and Rasheed A. A., 2001b. Study of some biochemical properties of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase in erythrocytes of common carp fish Cyprinus carpio. Tik. j. for pure sci. 8:16-31.
  • Rahim, S.M., Delanuoy, J. P., and Laurent, P. 1988. Identification and immunocytochemical localization of two different carbonic anhydrase isozyme in teleostean fish erythrocytes and gill epithelia. Histochem., 89: 451-459.
  • Rahim, S.M., 1988. Contribution a I' etude de 1' anhydrase carbonique des poisons: mise en evidence de deux isozymes erythrocytaire et branchiale. Ph D Thesis, Uni. of Strasbourg. France.
  • Rickli, E.E., Ghazanfar, S.A.S., Gibbons, P.H., and Edsall, G. I. 1964. Carbonic anhydrase from human erythrocytes. J. Biol. Chem., 1964. 239: 1065-1078.
  • Randall, D., Burggren, W., and French, K. 2000 . Animal physiology, mechanisms and adaptations. 4th ed. New York; WH Freeman company.
  • Sapirstein, V., Strocchi, P.,and Gilbert, J. 1984. Properties and function of brain carbonic anhydrase. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci., 429: 481-493.
  • Sender, S., Böttcher, K., Cetin, Y., and Gerolf, G.1999. Carbonic Anhydrase in the Gill of Seawater-and Fresh water acclimated Flounder Platichthys flesus: Purification, Characterzation and immunohistochemical localization. J. Histochem. Cytochem., 47:43-50. doi: 1177/002215549904700105.
  • Soyut, H., and Beydemir, S. 2008. Purification and some kinetic properties of carbonic anhydrase from rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss liver and metal inhibition. Protein Peptide letters, 15: 528-535.
  • Soyut, H., Beydemir, S., and Hisar, O. 2008. Effect of some metals on carbonic anhydrase from brains of rainbow trout. Biol. Trace. Elem. Res., 123: 179-190. doi:1007/s12011-008-8108-9.
  • Supuran, C.T.2010. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Bioorg. and med. chem, 20 :3467-3474.
  • Supuran, C.T. 2008. Carbonic anhydrase - an overview. Curr. pharma. design,14: 603-614.
  • Supuran, C.T. 2007. Carbonic anhydrase as drug target.. an overview. Cur. Top. Med. Chem,7:825-33.
  • Tohse, H., Murayama, E., Ohira, T., Takagi, Y., Nagasawa, H. 2006. Localization and diurnal variations of carbonic anhydrase mRNA expression in the inner ear of the rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B Biochem. Mol. Biol., 145(34):257-264.
  • Towbin, H., Staekelin, T., and Grodon, P. 1979 . Electrophoretic Transfer of protein from polyacrylamide gels to nitrocellulose sheets: procedure and some application. Proc. Nati. Acad. Sci. USA, 76: 147-154.
  • Wilbur, K.M. and Anderson, N. G.1948 . Electrometric and calorimetric determination of carbonic anhydrase. J. Biol. Chem., 176: 147-154.

Immunohistochemical and Partial Characterization Studies of Carbonic Anhydrase in the Brain of Teleost Fish Cyprinus carpio

Yıl 2013, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 2, - , 01.04.2013

S. M. Rahim S. J. Abdurrahman E. M. Taha H. F. Hassan K. D. Simon A. G. Mazlan

https://doi.org/10.4194/1303-2712-v13_2_16

Öz

Carbonic anhydrase (CA) activity is related to a variety of intermingled biological processes, including respiration, ionic transport, acid-base balance, and calcification. Carps Cyprinus carpio were investigated with respect to purification, partial characterization, and immunohistochemical localization of brain CA. The enzyme was purified up to 72 fold by affinity chromatography on sulfanilamide sepharose gel. The result is a yield of 59.6% and a specific activity of 1143 EU/mg protein with an apparent molecular weight of 28.6 kDa. The optimum pH and temperature were observed at 8.0 and 35 ºC, respectively. Ions of Na+, K+, Mg2+, and Ca2+ at concentrations of 1, 5, and 10 mM exhibited up to 25% to 30% inhibition on brain CA activity, whereas Cl- exhibited the most inhibition on enzyme activity. Acetazolamide also displayed significant inhibition on brain CA activity (54%, 83%, and 92% at respective concentrations of 1, 5, and 10 mM). Antibodies against purified gill CA from trout Oncorhynchus mykiss reacted positively only to one band corresponding to CA in carp brain supernatant. Immunohistochemical staining was observed in oligodendrocytes, its processes, and in myelinated fibers. Our findings are similar to those of previous studies on higher vertebrates CA II.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Teleost fish enzyme purification immunohistochemistry metal ions oligodendrocytes

Kaynakça

  • Andrews, P. 1962. Estimation of the molecular weight of protein by sephadex gel filtration. Nature , 91: 2222
  • Aspatwar, A., Tolvanen, M.E.E., and Parkkila, S. 2010. Phylogeny and expression of CA-related proteins. BMC molecular biology, 11:25-42.
  • Bayram, E., Senturk, M., Kufrevioglu, O.I., Supuran, C.T. 200 In vitro inhibition of salicylic acid derivatives on human cytosolic carbonic anhydrase isozymes I and II. Bioorg. Med. Chem., 16: 9101– 9
  • Beydemir, S., Bulbul, M., Hisar, O., Soyut, H., Yanık, T. 200 Carbonic anhydrase: Affinity purification and kinetic properties from rainbow trout lens. Int. J. Appl. Chem., 2:45–55. Bond, G.M., Stringer, J., and Brandvold, D.K. 2001. Development of integrated system of biomimetic CO2 sequestration using the enzyme carbonic anhydrase . Energy Fuel, 15: 309-316.
  • Cammer, W. and Tansey, F. A. 1987. Immunocytochemical localization of carbonic anhydrase in myelinated fibers in peripheral nervous of rat and mouse. J. Histochem. Cytochem., 35: 865-870.
  • Cammer, W. 1984. Carbonic anhydrase in oligodendrocyts and myelin in the central nervous system. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci., 429: 494-497.
  • Ceyhun, S.B., Sentük, M., Yerlikaya, E., Erdogan, O., Kufrevioglu, O. I. and Ekinci, D. 2011 . Purification and characterization of carbonic anhydrase from the teleost fish Dicentrarchus labrax ( European seabass ) liver and toxicological effect of metal on enzyme activity. Environ. Toxicol. Pharma., 32: 69-74. doi:1016/j.etap.2011.03.013.
  • Churg, A. 1973. Carbonic anhydrase histochemistry : evidence for non-enzymatic reaction and artifact production. Histochimie, 36:293-302.
  • Delaunoy, J. P., Langui, D., Ghandour, S., and Sensenbrenner, M.1986. Carbonic anhydrase in young and mature cultured rat glial cells. Advances in the biosciences, 61:77-85.
  • Delaunoy, J.P. 1983. Etude du I' anhydrase carbonique (ECI.l) dans le systeme nerveux central du rat. P h D thesis, Strasbourg, Uni. Louis-Pasteur, France.
  • Ekinci, D. , Ceyhun, S. B., Sentürk, M., Erdem, D., Küfrevioglu, O. I. and Supuran, C.T.2011. Characterization and anions inhibition studies of an  -carbonic anhydrase from the teleost fish Dicentrarchus labrax . Bioorg. Med. Chem., 19:7447 doi:10.1016/j.bmc.2010.12.033.
  • Ekinci, D., and Beydemir, S. 2010. Risk assessment of pesticides and fungicides for acid - base regulation and salt transport in rainbow trout tissues. Pestic. Biochem. Physiol., 97:66-70. doi:1016/j.pestbp.2009.12.006.
  • Esbaugh, A.J., Perry,S.F., Bayaa, M., Georgalis, T., Nickerson, J., Tufts, B. L., Gilmour, K. M., 2005. Cytoplasmic carbonic anhydrase isozymes in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss: comparative physiology and molecular evolution. J. Exp. Biol., 208: 195119 doi:10.1242/jeb.01551.
  • Evans, D.H., Piermarini, P.M., Choe, K.P.2005. The multifunctional fish gill: dominant site of gas exchange, osmoregulation, acid-base regulation and excretion of nitrogenous waste. Physiol. Rev. 85(1):97-117.
  • Filippi, D., Sciaky, M. Limozin, N. and Laurent, G. 1978. Anhydrase carbonique du system nerveux central du rat. Isolement et proprietes. Biochimie., 60: 99-102.
  • Georgalis, T., Gilmour, K. M., Yorston, J., Perry, S.F., 200 Roles of cytosolic and membrane-bound carbonic anhydrase in renal control of acid-base balance in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Am. J. Physio.l Renal. Physiol., 291:F407–F421. doi: 1152/ajprenal.00328.2005
  • Ghandour, M.S., Langley, O. K., Vincendon, G., Gombos, G., Filippi, D., Limozin, N., Dalmasso, D., Lauren, G. 19 Immunochemical and immunohistochemical study of carbonic anhydrase II in adult rat cerebellum: a marker for oligodendrocytes. Neuroscience., 5: 5595
  • Gilmour, K.M. 2012. New insights into the many functions of carbonic anhydrase into fish gills. Resp. Physiol. Neurobiol. doi.org/10.1016/j.resp.2012.06.001.
  • Gilmour, K.M.2010. Perspective on carbonic anhydrase. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 157: 193-1 doi:1016/j.cbpa.2010.06.161.
  • Gilmour, K.M., Perry, S.F., 2009. Carbonic anhydrase and acid-base regulation in fish. J. Exp. Biol., 212:164716 doi:10.1242/jeb.029181.
  • Hall, G. H. R., and Schraer, R.1983. Characterization of a high activity isozyrne purified from erythrocytes of Salmo gairdneri. Comp. Biol. Chem. Physiol. 758: 81Henry, R. P.1996. Multiple roles of carbonic anhydrase in cellular transports and metabolism. Annu. Rev. Physiol, 58:523-538.
  • Heisler, N.1984. Acid-base regulation in fishes. In : Hoar VS, Randall DG, editors. fish physiology.10a., New York; Academic Press, 10a:166-201.
  • Hilvo, M., A.Innocenti, S.M. Monti, G. De simone, C.T. Supuran, and Perry, S. F. 2008. Recent advance in research on the most novel carbonic anhydrases, CA XIII and CA XV. Curr. Pharmaceut. Des., 14: 6726
  • Kida, E., Palminiello, S., Golabek, A.A., Walus, M., Wierzba-Bobrwicz, T., Rabe, A., Albertini,G., Wisniewski, K.E. 2006. Carbonic anhydrase II in the developing and adult human brain. J. Neuropathol. Exp.,65(7):664-74.
  • Kumpulainen, T. 1981. Human carbonic anhydrase isozyme C. effect of some fixative on the antigenicity and improvements in the method of localization. Histochem, 72: 425-431.
  • Kumpulainen T., and Korhonen, L. K. 19 Immunohistochemical demonstration of carbonic anhydrase. Histochern., 58:183-192. Lin, T.Y., Liao,B.K., Horng, J.L., Yah, J.J. Hsiao, C.D. and Hwang P.P. 2008. Carbonic anhydrase 2-like a and 15a are involved in acid-base regulation and Na + uptake in Zebra fish H + -ATPase-rich cells. Am. J. Physiol., 294:C1250 C60 doi: 1152/ajpcell.00021.2008.
  • Li, Li., Fu, M. L., Yong-hao, Zhao, Y. H., and Zhu, Y. T. 20 Characterization of carbonic anhydrase II from Chlorella vulgaris in bio-CO 2 capture. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. doi 10.1007/s11356-012-1077-8.
  • Linser, P.J., Smith, K., Angelides, K. 1985. A comparative analysis of glial and neuronal markers in the retina of fish: Variable character of horizontal cells. J. Comp. Neurology., 237(2) : 264-2 doi: 1002/cne.902370210.
  • Lowry, 0.H. 1951. Protein measurement with folin phenol reagent. J. Biol. Chem., 193: 265-75.
  • Laemmli, U.K. 1970. Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature, 227: 680-685.
  • Maren, T.H.1967. Carbonic anhydrase: chemistry, physiology and inhibition. Physiol. Rev, 47: 595-782.
  • Marriq, C., Giraud, N., and Laurent, G. 1974. Isolement de l’anhydrase carbonic erythrocytaire bovine par chromatographie d’affinité . C. R. Acad. Sci. ,279:1325-1328.
  • Meldrum, N.U. and Roughten, F.J.W. 1933. Carbonic anhydrase: its preparation and properties. J. Physiol. (London) , 80: 113-142.
  • Muther, T.F. 1977. On the lack of specificity of the cobalt bicarbonate method for carbonic anhydrase. J. Histochem. Cytochem., 25: 1043-1050.
  • Ozensoy, O., Kockar, F., and Arsalan, O.Isik, S., Supuran, C.T., and Lyon, M. 2006 An evaluation of cytosolic erythrocyte carbonic anhydrase and catalase in carcinoma patient: An elevation of carbonic anhydrase activity. Clin. Biochem., 39: 804-809.
  • Parthe, V. 1981. Histochemical localization of carbonic anhydrase in vertebrate nervous tissue. J. Neurosci. Res. 6(1): 119–131.
  • Parkkila, M. D. and Parkkila, A. K.1996. Carbonic anhydrase in the alimentary tract. J. Gastroenterol, 31: 305-3 17.
  • Rahim, S.M., Mazlan, A.G., Simon, K.D., Delaunoy, J-P., Laurent, P. 2013. Immunocytochemical Localization of Carbonic Anhydrase in the Pseudobranch Tissue of the Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. J zhejiang uni-Sci-B (Biomed & Biotechnol). doi: 1631/jzus.B1200297.
  • Rahim, S.M., Hassan H. F., M.F. Namiq, M. F.,and Rasheed A. A. 2001a . Study of biochemical properties of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase in gill tissue of carp fish Cyprinus carpio. Tik. j. for pure sci., 8: 1-16.
  • Rahim, S.M., Hassan H. F., Namiq, M. F.,and Rasheed A. A., 2001b. Study of some biochemical properties of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase in erythrocytes of common carp fish Cyprinus carpio. Tik. j. for pure sci. 8:16-31.
  • Rahim, S.M., Delanuoy, J. P., and Laurent, P. 1988. Identification and immunocytochemical localization of two different carbonic anhydrase isozyme in teleostean fish erythrocytes and gill epithelia. Histochem., 89: 451-459.
  • Rahim, S.M., 1988. Contribution a I' etude de 1' anhydrase carbonique des poisons: mise en evidence de deux isozymes erythrocytaire et branchiale. Ph D Thesis, Uni. of Strasbourg. France.
  • Rickli, E.E., Ghazanfar, S.A.S., Gibbons, P.H., and Edsall, G. I. 1964. Carbonic anhydrase from human erythrocytes. J. Biol. Chem., 1964. 239: 1065-1078.
  • Randall, D., Burggren, W., and French, K. 2000 . Animal physiology, mechanisms and adaptations. 4th ed. New York; WH Freeman company.
  • Sapirstein, V., Strocchi, P.,and Gilbert, J. 1984. Properties and function of brain carbonic anhydrase. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci., 429: 481-493.
  • Sender, S., Böttcher, K., Cetin, Y., and Gerolf, G.1999. Carbonic Anhydrase in the Gill of Seawater-and Fresh water acclimated Flounder Platichthys flesus: Purification, Characterzation and immunohistochemical localization. J. Histochem. Cytochem., 47:43-50. doi: 1177/002215549904700105.
  • Soyut, H., and Beydemir, S. 2008. Purification and some kinetic properties of carbonic anhydrase from rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss liver and metal inhibition. Protein Peptide letters, 15: 528-535.
  • Soyut, H., Beydemir, S., and Hisar, O. 2008. Effect of some metals on carbonic anhydrase from brains of rainbow trout. Biol. Trace. Elem. Res., 123: 179-190. doi:1007/s12011-008-8108-9.
  • Supuran, C.T.2010. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Bioorg. and med. chem, 20 :3467-3474.
  • Supuran, C.T. 2008. Carbonic anhydrase - an overview. Curr. pharma. design,14: 603-614.
  • Supuran, C.T. 2007. Carbonic anhydrase as drug target.. an overview. Cur. Top. Med. Chem,7:825-33.
  • Tohse, H., Murayama, E., Ohira, T., Takagi, Y., Nagasawa, H. 2006. Localization and diurnal variations of carbonic anhydrase mRNA expression in the inner ear of the rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B Biochem. Mol. Biol., 145(34):257-264.
  • Towbin, H., Staekelin, T., and Grodon, P. 1979 . Electrophoretic Transfer of protein from polyacrylamide gels to nitrocellulose sheets: procedure and some application. Proc. Nati. Acad. Sci. USA, 76: 147-154.
  • Wilbur, K.M. and Anderson, N. G.1948 . Electrometric and calorimetric determination of carbonic anhydrase. J. Biol. Chem., 176: 147-154.
Toplam 54 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

S. M. Rahim Bu kişi benim

S. J. Abdurrahman Bu kişi benim

E. M. Taha Bu kişi benim

H. F. Hassan Bu kişi benim

K. D. Simon Bu kişi benim

A. G. Mazlan Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Nisan 2013
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2013 Cilt: 13 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Rahim, S. M., Abdurrahman, S. J., Taha, E. M., Hassan, H. F., vd. (2013). Immunohistochemical and Partial Characterization Studies of Carbonic Anhydrase in the Brain of Teleost Fish Cyprinus carpio. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 13(2). https://doi.org/10.4194/1303-2712-v13_2_16
AMA Rahim SM, Abdurrahman SJ, Taha EM, Hassan HF, Simon KD, Mazlan AG. Immunohistochemical and Partial Characterization Studies of Carbonic Anhydrase in the Brain of Teleost Fish Cyprinus carpio. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. Nisan 2013;13(2). doi:10.4194/1303-2712-v13_2_16
Chicago Rahim, S. M., S. J. Abdurrahman, E. M. Taha, H. F. Hassan, K. D. Simon, ve A. G. Mazlan. “Immunohistochemical and Partial Characterization Studies of Carbonic Anhydrase in the Brain of Teleost Fish Cyprinus Carpio”. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 13, sy. 2 (Nisan 2013). https://doi.org/10.4194/1303-2712-v13_2_16.
EndNote Rahim SM, Abdurrahman SJ, Taha EM, Hassan HF, Simon KD, Mazlan AG (01 Nisan 2013) Immunohistochemical and Partial Characterization Studies of Carbonic Anhydrase in the Brain of Teleost Fish Cyprinus carpio. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 13 2
IEEE S. M. Rahim, S. J. Abdurrahman, E. M. Taha, H. F. Hassan, K. D. Simon, ve A. G. Mazlan, “Immunohistochemical and Partial Characterization Studies of Carbonic Anhydrase in the Brain of Teleost Fish Cyprinus carpio”, Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, c. 13, sy. 2, 2013, doi: 10.4194/1303-2712-v13_2_16.
ISNAD Rahim, S. M. vd. “Immunohistochemical and Partial Characterization Studies of Carbonic Anhydrase in the Brain of Teleost Fish Cyprinus Carpio”. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 13/2 (Nisan 2013). https://doi.org/10.4194/1303-2712-v13_2_16.
JAMA Rahim SM, Abdurrahman SJ, Taha EM, Hassan HF, Simon KD, Mazlan AG. Immunohistochemical and Partial Characterization Studies of Carbonic Anhydrase in the Brain of Teleost Fish Cyprinus carpio. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 2013;13. doi:10.4194/1303-2712-v13_2_16.
MLA Rahim, S. M. vd. “Immunohistochemical and Partial Characterization Studies of Carbonic Anhydrase in the Brain of Teleost Fish Cyprinus Carpio”. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, c. 13, sy. 2, 2013, doi:10.4194/1303-2712-v13_2_16.
Vancouver Rahim SM, Abdurrahman SJ, Taha EM, Hassan HF, Simon KD, Mazlan AG. Immunohistochemical and Partial Characterization Studies of Carbonic Anhydrase in the Brain of Teleost Fish Cyprinus carpio. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 2013;13(2).