Investigation of Microplastic Contamination in Diadema Setosum Obtained from a Fishing Barn

Year 2024, Volume: 10 Issue: 4, 217 - 231, 01.12.2024

Ece Kılıç , Erkan Uğurlu

https://doi.org/10.52998/trjmms.1479819

Abstract

This study is undertaken to evaluate microplastic contamination levels in Diadema setosum specimens obtained from a fishing barn. Microplastic (MP) pollution levels and their potential impacts on marine biota are still unknown compared to coastal and offshore environments. For this purpose, 19 individuals of D. setosum were collected and microplastic abundance in their gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and gonad were investigated. Mean microplastic abundance in GITs was 3.0 MPs±3.1 MPs per individual and 0.9±1.0 MPs per g wet weight. Mean microplastic abundance in the gonads was 0.3±0.6 MPs per individual and 0.08±0.2 MPs per g wet weight. Among all MPs, 45% of extracted MPs were fibers, followed by fragments (44%) and pellets (11%). Regarding size, the majority of the MPs extracted from GITs and all of the MPs extracted from gonads were small size MPs (less than 1 mm in size). FTIR analysis validated the plastic nature of suspected particles. Polyethylene (PE) (50%) and polypropylene (PP) (50%) were the most common type of polymers. These are the main polymers used in production of fishing nets; therefore, this result seems to validate the anthropogenic influence in the study area. This study contributes to the knowledge of the transfer of microplastics to the marine food web and highlights the need for protective measures.

Keywords

İskenderun Bay, Microplastics, Microplastic Ingestion, Pollution, Türkiye

Balıkçı Barınağından Elde Edilen Diadema Setosum’da Mikroplastik Kontamisyonunun Araştırılması

Abstract

Bu çalışma, bir balıkçı barınağından toplanan Diadema setosum'u örneklerindeki mikroplastik kontaminasyonunun varlığını araştırmak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Mikroplastik (MP) kirlilik seviyeleri ve bunların deniz biyotası üzerindeki potansiyel etkileri, kıyı ve açık deniz ortamlarıyla karşılaştırıldığında hala bilinmemektedir. Bu amaçla 19 D. setosum bireyi toplanmış ve gastrointestinal sistem (GİS) ve gonaddaki mikroplastik bolluğu araştırılmıştır. GİS'teki ortalama mikroplastik bolluğu kişi başına 3,0 MPs±3,1 MP ve ıslak ağırlığın gramı başına 0,9±1,0 MP olarak bulundu. Gonaddaki ortalama mikroplastik miktarı birey başına 0,3±0,6 MP ve yaş ağırlık başına 0,08±0,2 MP olarak bulundu. Tüm MP'ler arasında, ekstrakte edilen MP'lerin %45'inin fiber, %44’ünün fragment ve %11’inin pellet olduğu bulunmuştur. Boyutla ilgili olarak, GIT'ten çıkarılan MP'lerin çoğunluğu ve gonaddan çıkarılan MP'lerin tümü küçük boyutlu MP'lerdi (boyutu 1 mm'den küçük). FTIR analizi, şüpheli parçacıkların plastik yapısını doğruladı ve yaygın polimer türü olarak polietilen (PE) (%50) ve polipropilen (PP) (%50) bulundu. Bu polimerler balık ağlarının üretiminde kullanılan başlıca polimerlerdir, dolayısıyla bu sonuç, çalışma alanındaki antropojenik etkiyi doğrulamaktadır. Bu çalışma, mikroplastiklerin deniz ürünleri ağına aktarımı konusundaki bilgi birikimine katkıda bulunmakta ve koruyucu ölçümlerin gerekliliğini vurgulamaktadır.

Keywords

İskenderun Körfezi, Mikroplastik, Mikroplastik alımı, Kirlilik, Türkiye

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