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Dehumanisation of Colonised Humans Revisited: Racial Speciesism And Caliban’s “Explod[ing] Prospero’s Old Myth” in Aime Cesaire’s A Tempest

Cilt: 14 Sayı: 28 29 Temmuz 2024
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Dehumanisation of Colonised Humans Revisited: Racial Speciesism And Caliban’s “Explod[ing] Prospero’s Old Myth” in Aime Cesaire’s A Tempest

Abstract

The political turmoil between the 1950s and the 1970s that stemmed from the liberation movements in Africa, and in the Caribbean Islands, in which African/ black diaspora is so common, triggered many writers of the time to visit colonial literature in order to be able to find a meaning for the liberation struggles of the blacks. Similarly, Aimé Césaire, a Francophone literary and political figure, revisited Shakespeare’s The Tempest (around 1611), and adapted it into A Tempest (Une Tempête,1969). A Tempest is a play in which Shakespearean Prospero’s strong and univocal status is replaced by strong and rebellious Caliban, who subverts all the colonial discourses that marginalise and dehumanise the blacks. In the light of these discussions, this paper aims to discuss that in A Tempest, Caliban becomes an instrument for Césaire in order to demarginalise the blacks contrary to Prospero’s dehumanising methods applied through racial speciesism. By means of Caliban’s “explod[ing] Prospero’s old myth”, Césaire wants to prove that blacks are humans, too, with a glorious history and identity to be proud of.

Keywords

Racial Speciesism , Dehumanisation of Colonised Humans , "Thingification" , Rebellious Language , "Explod[ing]" Old Colonial Myths

Kaynakça

  1. ASHCROFT, Bill, GRIFFITHS, Gareth and TIFFIN, Helen (2002), The Empire Writes Back: Theory and Practice in Post-colonial Literatures, London and New York, Routledge.
  2. ALMQUIST, Steve (Spring, 2006). “Not Quite the Gabbling of ‘A Thing Most Brutish’: Caliban’s Kiswahili in Aimé Césaire’s ‘A Tempest’”, Callaloo, 29 (2), 587-607, https://www.jstor.org/stable/3805633.
  3. BRUNER, Charlotte H. (Sep. 1976). “The Meaning of Caliban in Black Literature Today”, Comparative Literature Studies, 13 (3), 240-253, https://www.jstor.org/stable/40246045.
  4. CESAIRE, Aimé (1992), A Tempest, Trans. Richard MILLER, New York, Ubu Repertory Theater Publications.
  5. CESAIRE, Aimé (2000), Discourse on Colonialism, Trans. Joan Pinkham, New York, Monthly Review Press.
  6. CONRAD, Joseph (2005), Heart of Darkness. Webster’ German Thesaurus Edition, San Diego, Icon Classics.
  7. DAVIS, Grogson (1997), Cambridge Studies in African and Caribbean Literature: Aimé Césaire, Ed. A. IRELE, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
  8. DELANEY, Carol (2011), Columbus and the Quest for Jerusalem, New York, Free Press.
  9. FANON, Frantz (1963), The Wretched of the Earth, Trans. Constance FARRINGTON, New York, Grove Press.
  10. FOUCAULT, Michel (1978), The History of Sexuality, New York, Pantheon Books.

Kaynak Göster

APA
Yelmiş, İ. (2024). Dehumanisation of Colonised Humans Revisited: Racial Speciesism And Caliban’s “Explod[ing] Prospero’s Old Myth” in Aime Cesaire’s A Tempest. Trakya Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 14(28), 237-268. https://doi.org/10.33207/trkede.1472379