Relationship Between Visceral Fat Tissue and Exercise

Öz

There are two types of apidose tissue in the human body. Brown adipose tissue is found in small amounts in the body and produces heat in the body through adaptive thermogenesis in cold conditions and diet. White adipose tissue stores fats as triglycerides to be transferred to the blood as free fatty acids when the excess energy is needed. White fat tissue can transform into brown fat tissue due to factors such as hormonal stimulation, chronic cold environment and exercise. UCP-1 protein, an important protein found in brown adipose tissue, regulates energy distribution. White adipose tissue is divided into two in the body: subcutaneous and visceral white adipose tissue. Visceral tissue surrounds the internal organs, while subcutaneous tissue is found in the thighs and buttocks. Visceral fat cells, which accumulate especially around the abdominal organs, may be closely related to type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis development, fatty liver, cardiovascular diseases and other metabolic diseases, and the most important cause of visceral fat accumulation is due to lifestyle changes, lack of exercise and the application of diet programs. Popular types of exercise to reduce visceral fat tissue include aerobic exercise, combination exercises, resistance exercises, high-intensity interval training and sprint interval training. In particular, aerobic exercises are considered the most popular exercise method used for weight loss because they can be performed easily and cause high energy expenditure. Popular exercise models to reduce visceral fat tissue include aerobic exercise, resistance exercises, combined exercises, high-intensity interval training and sprint interval training. Among these training methods, it is aimed to determine exercise models that aim to reduce the visceral fat rate around the abdominal internal organs at a high rate, and even specifically to determine which exercise model will be most effective.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• aerobic
• resistance
• subcutaneous fat
• Visceral fat

Viseral Yağ Dokusu ve Egzersiz İlişkisi

Öz

İnsan bedeninde iki tip apidoz doku bulunmaktadır. Kahverengi yağ dokusu vücutta az miktarda bulunmakta ortamın soğuk olduğu koşullarda ve diyet zamanda adaptif termojenezis ile vücutta ısı üretimi gerçekleştirir. Beyaz yağ dokusu alınan fazla enerjiyi ihtiyaç duyulduğunda serbest yağ asitleri olarak kana aktarılmak üzere yağları trigliserit olarak depo etmektedir. Beyaz yağ dokusu hormonal uyarılar, kronik soğuk ortam ve egzersiz gibi etkenlerle kahverengi yağ dokusuna dönüşüm sağlayabilir. Kahverengi yağ dokusunda bulunan önemli bir protein olan UCP-1 proteini enerji dağılımını düzenlemektedir. Beyaz yağ dokusu vücütta subkutan ve visseral beyaz yağ dokusu olarak ikiye ayrılır. Visseral doku iç organları çevrelerken subkutan doku uyluk ve kalçalarda bulunur. Özellikle karın organlarının etrafında biriken viseral yağ hücreleri tip 2 diyabet, dislipidemi, aterosklerozis gelişimi, karaciğer yağlanması, kardiyovasküler hastalıklar ve diğer metabolik hastalıklar ile yakından ilişkili olabileceği ve viseral yağ birikiminin en önemli nedeni, yaşam tarzı değişikliğine göre egzersiz eksikliği ve diyet programlarının uygulama biçimi ile ilişkili olabilmekte. Viseral yağ dokuyu azaltmaya yönelik popüler egzersiz türleri arasında aerobik egzersiz, kombine egzersizler, direnç egzersizleri, yüksek yoğunluklu aralıklı antrenman ve sprint interval antrenmanları yer almaktadır. Özelliklede aerobik egzersizler, rahatlıkla uygulanabildiği ve yüksek enerji harcamasına sebep olduğu için kilo kaybı amacı ile kullanılan en popüler egzersiz metodu olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Viseral yağ dokuyu azaltmaya yönelik popüler egzersiz modelleri arasında aerobik egzersiz, direnç egzersizleri, kombine egzersizler, yüksek yoğunluklu aralıklı antrenman ve sprint interval antrenmanları yer almaktadır. Bu antrenman metotları içerisinde karın iç organları etrafında bulunan viseral yağ oranını yüksek oranda azaltmaya yönelik egzersiz modellerinin belirlenmesi hatta sipesifik olarak hangi egzersiz modelinin en etkili olabileceği tespiti amaçlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• aerobik
• direnç
• subkutan yağ
• Viseral yağ

Kaynakça

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