International Law of the Sea and Megisti

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 39 - 55, 27.03.2021

Emete Gözügüzelli

Öz

International Law of the Sea and Megisti

Öz

This article underlines the dispute of the maritime delimitation problem on the Megisti between Turkey and Greece. Megisti is one of the tiny islands of Greece. While excessive claims by Greece still unresolved, claimed demands potentially carry an element to create instability and a critical zone in the Eastern Mediterranean. Greece's attitude challenges the “Principle of Determining by Agreement” based on international law and the necessity of reaching an equitable result, as stated in Articles 74 and 83 of the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). The median line is not a priori delimitation rule. Inevitably, this study evaluates the question of Megisti, excessive maritime jurisdiction claims of Greece, and concentrates on the “Land Dominates the Sea Principle”.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Turkey, Greece, Maritime Delimitation, Megisti

Kaynakça

• Aasen, P. J. (2010). The Law of Maritime Delimitation and the Russian-Norwegian Maritime Boundary Dispute, FritjofNansensInstitue (FNI), Norway. Retrieved December 2, 2016, from https://www.files.ethz.ch/isn/112944/FNI-R0110.pdf
• Ankara University Law Faculty Notes. “Disarmament Issue” between Turkey and Greece.
• Beazley, P. B. (1994). Technical Aspects of Maritime Boundary Delimitation. Durham University. Retrieved March 2, 2020, from https://www.dur.ac.uk/ibru/publications/view/?id=225
• Bekdil, B. (2020). Megisti: Tiny Island, Colossal Dispute. BESA Centre Perspectives Paper, No.1,479, March 11, pp.1-4.
• Blake, G. H. (1981). Offshore jurisdiction in the Mediterranean. Ekistics, Vol. 48, No 290; 339-344, Planning for the Mediterrenean p. 343.
• Chatzichristofi, S. (2017, October, 9). New international hydrocarbons offshore tenders launched for Crete and Ionian Sea. Retrieved September 1, 2020, from https://www.internationallawoffice.com/Newsletters/Energy-Natural-Resources/Greece/Rokas-Law-Firm/New-international-hydrocarbons-offshore-tenders-launched-for-Crete-and-Ionian-Sea
• Chrysochou G., and Siousiouras P (2013). Maritime Delimitations in the Context of Recent Jurisprudence and the Greek-Turkish Issues. The A38, Journal of International Law,2(2).
• Churchill R., and Ulfstein G. (2006). The Disputed Maritime Zones around Svalbard. Power Point presentation, Virginia University, pp.551-593,
• Dulgarian, J. (2020). Megisti is the Key to Turkish & Greek Ambitions in the Eastern Mediterranean. Global Security Review, July 29.
• EMODnet (2018, December 14). Phase III, National coastlines and baselines – data set collection for European countries. Reports, Contract Number – EASME/EMFF/2015/1.3.1.7/SI2.742125, pp.1-32.
• Gözügüzelli, E. (2020). Hidrokarbon Faaliyetlerinin Uluslararası Hukuktaki Yeri ve Güney Kıbrıs. Turkish Studies, 15(6), 2939-2956 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.47356/TurkishStudies.45746
• Granitsas, A.and Bouras, S. (2013, March 7). Greek Maritime Claims Rock Boat with Turkey. Retrieved February 1, 2021, from https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424127887323978104578332352776971978.
• Greece maritime boundary and agreements, retrieved March 3, 2020, from: https://www.un.org/Depts/los/LEGISLATIONANDTREATIES/STATEFILES/GRC.htm
• Grigoriadis, I.N. and Belke L. T. (2020). UNCLOS and the Delimitation of Maritime Zones in the Eastern Mediterranean. Hellenic Foundation for European &Foreign Policy (ELIAMEP). Policy Brief 131/2020, pp.1-8.
• ICJ (1951). Fisheries Case between UK and Norway. International Court of Justice. Retrieved March 3, 2020, from https://www.icj-cij.org/public/files/case-related/5/005-19511218-JUD-01-00-EN.pdf
• ICJ (1969). North Sea Continental Shelf Cases. International Court of Justice. Retrieved March 3, 2020, from https://www.icj-cij.org/public/files/case-related/52/052-19690220-JUD-01-00-EN.pdf
• ICJ (1982). The Continental Shelf Case between Tunisia and Libyan Arab Jamahiriya. International Court of Justice. Retrieved February 3, 2021, from https://www.icj-cij.org/en/case/63
• ICJ (2009). Maritime Delimitation in the Black Sea between Romania v. Ukraine. International Court of Justice. Retrieved March 3, 2020, from https://www.icj-cij.org/en/case/132/judgments
• ICJ (2012). Territorial, Maritime Dispute between Nicaragua v. Colombia International Court of Justice. Retrieved February 3, 2021, from https://www.icj-cij.org/en/case/124
• International Maritime Boundaries, American Society of International Law, Jayewardence, pp. 368-371.
• Kapsi K. A. (2019). The Greek Exclusive Economic Zone. R.N 18027 Thesis, University of Piraeus.
• Kliot, N. (1989). Cooperation and conflicts in maritime issues in the Mediterranean Basin. GeoJournal, 18(3), 263-272.
• Law No: 2289/1995 amended by Law No. 4001/2011, Annex, United Nations. Retrieved March 3, 2020, from https://www.un.org/Depts/los/LEGISLATIONANDTREATIES/PDFFILES/GRC_2011_Law.pdf
• Law of the Sea Bulletin, No.54. Retrieved September 1, 2020, from https://www.un-ilibrary.org/content/books/9789210581141/read
• Legal Dictionary (n.d.). Sic utere tuo ut alienum non laedas. Retrieved March 2, 2020, from https://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/sic+utere+tuo+ut+alienum+non+laedas
• Mehmet, O. (2020, September). Co-ownership: a just solution to Greco-Turkish maritime dispute, Cyprus mail.
• Oruç, M. Ş. (2020, July 20). Megisti: One of Turkey and Greece’s interrelated controversies. Daily Sabah.
• Papanicolopulu, I. (2018). The land dominates the sea (dominates the land dominates the sea)”, QIL, Zoom-in 47, 39-48, Retrived from: http://www.qil-qdi.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/03_Whats-an-island_PAPANICOLOPULU_FIN.pdf
• PCIJ (1933). The Delimitation of the Territorial Waters between the Island of Castellorizo and the Coasts of Anatolia. No.51, Series A/B,
• Permanent Court of International Justice (PCIJ) XXVI Session, pp.1-7.
• Sgouros, G.A. (2010). The Greek EEZ: Principles of a Geopolitical Analysis. Athens. pp. 365-392. Retrieved March 3, 2020, from http://scholar.uoa.gr/sites/default/files/yianmazis/files/li._the_greek_eez-_principles_of_a_geopolitical_analysis.pdf
• Stanicek, B. (2020). Turkey: Remodelling the eastern Mediterranean. European Parliamentary Research Service, pp.1-6.
• Tanaka, Y. (2006). Predictability and Flexibility in the Law of Maritime Delimitation. Bloomsbury Publishing.
• The Territorial Sea (Baselines) Order 2014. Retrieved March 2, 2020, from https://www.marineregions.org/documents/The%20Territorial%20Sea%20(Baselines)%20Order%202014.pdf
• The Treaties of Peace 1919-1923, United Nations Treaties Series.
• The Treaty of Peace between Turkey and Greece (1914), The American Journal of International Law, Vol. 8, No. 1, Supplement: Official Documents pp. 46-55: Retrieved October 3, 2020, from https://www.jstor.org/stable/2212405
• Theodolou, N. (2020). Turkey calls Athens ‘maximalist’, EU tells Ankara: take your disputes to international courts. Cyprus Mail Newspaper. Retrieved Februaray 3, 2020, from https://cyprus-mail.com/2020/07/22/turkey-calls-athens-maximalist-eu-tells-ankara-take-your-disputes-to-international-courts-updated/
• Turkish Ministry of Foreign Affairs (n.d.). Lausanne Peace Treaty. Retrieved October 3, 2020, from http://www.mfa.gov.tr/lausanne-peace-treaty-part-i_-political-clauses.en.mfa
• United Nations (1989). The Law of the Sea-Baselines: National Legislation with Illustrative Maps. Newyork. Retrieved September 1, 2020, from https://www.un.org/Depts/los/LEGISLATIONANDTREATIES/PDFFILES/publications/E.89.V.10.pdf
• United Nations Treaty Series (1950). Vol. 49, Treaty of Peace, 1947 with Italy.
• US Department of State (1972). Theoretical Allocations of Seabed to Coastal States. Office of the Geographer. Washington, pp. 11-34.
• US State Department (2020). Greek Islands Have EEZ, Continental Shelf; Provocations Must Stop. The National Herald Newspaper. Retrieved February 3, 2021, from https://www.thenationalherald.com/greece_politics/arthro/us_state_dep_greek_islands_have_eez_continental_shelf_provocations_must_stop-386903/
• Worldcourts (1985, June 3). International Court of Justice Continental Shelf Libya v. Malta. Retrieved March 9, 2021, from http://www.worldcourts.com/icj/eng/decisions/1985.06.03_continental_shelf.htm
• Yiallourides, C., (2020, August 25). Part I: Some Observations on the Agreement between Greece and Egypt on the Delimitation of the Exclusive Economic Zone. EJITALK. Retrieved March 10, 2021, from www.ejitalk.org/18969-2/