Investigation Of The Relationship Between Body Appreciation And Sleep Quality

Öz

Sleep causes many psychological effects in individuals. A person's body image, which is their subjective evaluation of their physical appearance, can have a significant impact on their emotions, behaviors, and overall well-being. In order to investigate the effect of sleep on body image, 395 female participants aged between 18-27 years, who were evaluated subjectively and objectively using the sleep assessment and body image scale, were included. The primary outcome of the study are the determination of the relationship between objective and subjective results of sleep quality and body appreciation. Secondary outcome are the determination of the relationship between exercise and body appreciation, which is an effective factor in determining body appreciation. After missing data scanning, 34 participants were excluded from the study and analysis were performed on 361 people (Age 20,76+1,62; Height 163,65+5,81; Weight 57,78+ 10,42; Cronbach's Alpha ,92). Body Appreciation Scale-2 and Sleep Quality Scale were applied to the participants. While there was no statistical significance in the sleep hygiene values according to the subjective sleep evaluations of the participants, a significant difference was found between very poor sleep and very good sleep in the subjective sleep evaluations. In addition, a statistical significance was found between women's body image and subjective sleep evaluations (p<0.05). In line with these results, sleep is seen as a variable that affects body perception in women. Sleep, which has many psychological effects, negatively affects the body image of the person in its deficiency. Sleep hygiene trainings on this topic, women's sleep hygiene can help raise awareness.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Sleep
• Body Appreciation
• Exercise
• Sport
• Insomnia

Beden Değerinin Uyku Kalitesiyle İlişkisinin İncelenmesi

Öz

Uyku, bireylerde birçok psikolojik etkiye neden olmaktadır. Kişinin; duygularını, davranışlarını ve hayatını etkileyen bu durum kendine olan bedensel değerine karşı olan tutumunun etkilenmesine sebep olmaktadır. Çalışmaya, uykunun beden algısına etkisini araştırmak üzere, farklı bir bakış açısıyla, subjektif ve nesnel olarak uyku değerlendirilmesi ve beden algısı ölçeği kullanılarak yapılan, yaşları 18-27 arasında olan, 395 kadın katılımcı dahil edildi. Çalışmanın birincil sonuçları uyku kalitesinin objektif ve subjektif sonuçlarının beden değeri ile ilişkisinin tespitidir. İkincil sonuçları ise, beden değerini belirlemede etkili bir faktör olan egzersiz ve beden değerinin ilişkisinin tespitidir. Katılımcılara Beden Değeri Ölçeği-2 ve Uyku Kalitesi Ölçeği uygulanmış olup 34 katılımcıdan alınan verilerin noksanlığı sebebiyle araştırmaya dahil edilmemiş olup, 361 kişi üzerine analizler yapıldı (yaş 20,76+1,62; boy 163,65+5,81; kilo 57,78+ 10,42; cronbach's alpha ,92).Katılımcıların, subjektif uyku değerlendirmelerine göre uyku hijyeni değerlerinde herhangi bir istatistiksel anlamlılık bulunmazken(p>0,05), subjektif uyku değerlendirmelerinde çok kötü uyku (14,48+1,65)ile çok iyi uyku (15,14+2,48)arasında istatistiksel bir anlamlılık(p<0,05) tespit edilmiştir. Ek olarak, kadınların beden algısı ile subjektif uyku değerlendirmeleri arasında istatistiksel bir anlamlılık bulunmuştur(p<0,05). Bu sonuçlar doğrultusunda uyku, kadınlarda beden algısını etkileyen bir değişken olarak görülmektedir. Pek çok psikolojik etkiye sahip olan uyku, noksanlığında kişinin beden algısını da negatif olarak etkilemektedir. Bu konuda verilecek uyku hijyeni eğitimleri, kadınların uyku hijyeni farkındalığını arttırmada yardımcı olabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Uyku
• Beden Değeri
• Egzersiz
• Spor
• Uykusuzluk

Kaynakça

1. Atı D. İdeal Beden İmgesini Oluşturan Sosyal ve Kurumsal Faktörler ve Bu İdealin Bireyler Üzerindeki Etkileri. Journal of Faculty of Letters/Edebiyat Fakultesi Dergisi, 2008; 25(1).
2. 2. Avalos L, Tylka TL, & Wood-Barcalow, N. The body appreciation scale: Development and psychometric evaluation. Body image, 2005; 2(3), 285-297.
3. 3. Cash T, Pruzinsky, T. Body image: A handbook of theory, research, and clinical practice. Guilford Press, New York, 2002.
4. 4. Cook SJ, MacPherson K, Langille DB. Far from ideal: Weight perception, weight control, and associated risky behaviour of adolescent girls in Nova Scotia. Canadian Family Physician, 2007; 53, 678 – 684.
5. 5. Dewald JF, Meijer AM, Oort FJ, Kerkhof GA, Bögels SM. The influence of sleep quality, sleep duration and sleepiness on school performance in children and adolescents: A meta-analytic review. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 2010; 14:179-189.
6. 6. Edell-Gustafsson UM, Kritz, EIK, Bogren, IK. Self-reported sleep quality, strain and health in relation to perceived working conditions in females. Scand. J. Caring Sci., 2002; 16: 179–187.
7. 7. Featherstone M. Body, image and affect in consumer culture. Body & society, 2010; 16(1), 193-221.
8. 8. George D. SPSS for windows step by step: A simple study guide and reference, 17.0 update, 10/e. Pearson Education India, 2011.

9. 9. Gillen MM, Rosenbaum DL, Winter VR, Bloomer SA. Hormonal contraceptive use and women’s well-being: links with body image, eating behavior, and sleep. Psychology, Health & Medicine, 2023; 1-12.
10. 10. He J, Sun S, Zickgraf, HF, Lin Z, Fan X. Meta-analysis of gender differences in body appreciation. Body image, 2020; 33, 90-100.
11. 11. Iliescu EA, Coo H, McMurry MH, Meers CL, Quinn MM, Singer, MA, Hopman WM. Quality of sleep and health–related quality of life in haemodialysis patients. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., 2003; 18: 126–132.
12. 12. Landry GJ, Best JR, Liu-Ambrose T. Measuring sleep quality in older adults: a comparison using subjective and objective methods. Frontiers in aging neuroscience, 2015; 7, 166.
13. 13. Leite HM, Garcez A, Nunes MAA, Pattussi MP, Canuto R, Paniz VMV, et al. Shift work, sleep duration, and body image dissatisfaction among female workers in southern Brazil. Arch Womens Ment Health, 2019; 22(5):583-92.
14. 14. Nag C, Pradhan RK. Impact of television on sleep habits. Biological Rhythm Research, 2012; 43:423-430.
15. 15. Oktan V, Saylan E. Beden değeri ölçeği-2’nin (BDÖ-2) Türkçe adaptasyonu: geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Mersin Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 2020; 16(1), 94-103.
16. 16. Oktan V, Şahin M. Kız ergenlerde beden imajı ile benlik saygısı arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. Uluslararası insan bilimleri dergisi, 2010; 7(2), 543-556.
17. 17. Önder İ, Masal E, Demirhan E, Horzum MB, Beşoluk Ş. Psychometric properties of sleep quality scale and sleep variables questionnaire in Turkish student sample. International Journal of Psychology and Educational Studies, 2016; 3(3), 9-21.
18. 18. Öngören B. Sosyolojik Açidan Sağlikli Beden İmgesi. Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2015; 16(34), 25-45.
19. 19. Pavlova M, Sheikh LS. Sleep in women. In Seminars in neurology. Thieme Medical Publishers.2011; 31(04), 397-403.
20. 20. Radwan H, Hasan HA, Ismat H, Hakim H, Khalid H, Al-Fityani L, Ayman A. Body mass index perception, body image dissatisfaction and their relations with weight-related behaviors among university students. International journal of environmental research and public health, 2019; 16(9), 1541.
21. 21. Rosenbaum DL, Gillen MM, Bloomer SA. The effects of sleep on body image: examining the roles of depression, perceived stress, and anxiety. Journal of American college health, 2023; 1-9.
22. 22. Scott AJ, Webb TL, Martyn-St James M, Rowse G, Weich S. Improving sleep quality leads to better mental health: A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Sleep medicine reviews, 2021; 60, 101556.
23. 23. Selvi Y, Kandeğer A, Sayın AA. Gündüz Aşırı Uykululuğu. Current Approaches in Psychiatry/Psikiyatride Guncel Yaklasimlar, 2016; 8(2).
24. 24. Shapiro C, Flanigan M. Function of sleep. BMJ, 1993, 306: 383–385.
25. 25. Tylka TL, Kroon Van Diest AM. The Intuitive Eating Scale-2: Item refinement and psychometric evaluation with college women and men. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 2013; 60, 137-153.
26. 26. Tylka TL, Wood-Barcalow NL. The Body Appreciation Scale-2: item refinement and psychometric evaluation. Body Image, 2015; 12, 53-67.
27. 27. Uchida S, Shioda K, Morita Y, Kubota C, Ganeko M, Takeda N. Exercise effects on sleep physiology. Frontiers in neurology, 2012; 3, 48.
28. 28. Vitiello MV, Larsen LH, Moe KE. Age-related sleep change: gender and estrogen effects on the subjective–objective sleep quality relationships of healthy, noncomplaining older men and women. Journal of psychosomatic research, 2004; 56(5), 503-510.
29. 29. Vuori I, Urponen H, Hasan J, Partinen M. Epidemiology of exercise effects on sleep. Acta physiologica scandinavica. Supplementum, 1988; 574, 3-7.
30. 30. Watling J, Pawlik B, Scott K, Booth S, Short MA. Sleep loss and affective functioning: more than just mood. Behavioral sleep medicine, 2017; 15(5), 394-409.
31. 31. Wood-Barcalow NL, Tylka TL, Augustus-Horvath CL. “But I like my body”: Positive body image characteristics and a holistic model for young-adult women. Body image, 2010; 7(2), 106-116.
32. 32. Yang PY, Ho KH, Chen HC, Chien MY. Exercise training improves sleep quality in middle-aged and older adults with sleep problems: a systematic review. Journal of physiotherapy, 2012; 58(3), 157-163.
33. 33. ZubiaVeqar ME. Sleep quality improvement and exercise: A Review. International Journal of Sciencific and Research Publications, 2012; 2(8), 1-8.