Düzeltici Egzersizlerin Yaşlı Erkeklerde Lordoz ve Kifoz Açıları ile Fonksiyonel Yeteneğe Etkisi

Öz

Yaşlıların sağlığının ve yaşam kalitesinin korunmasında ve geliştirilmesinde önemli bir husus, onların günlük yaşam aktivitelerini yerine getirirken bağımsızlıklarını korumak, aktif ve bağımsız yaşamalarını mümkün kılmaktır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, NASM temelli hibrit egzersizin İstanbul'daki yaşlılarda fonksiyonel yetenek ile lordoz ve kifoz açıları üzerine etkilerini araştırmak. İstanbul'daki yaşlı erkek popülasyonundan kolayda örnekleme tekniği kullanılarak 40 katılımcı seçildi ve rastgele olarak NASM tabanlı egzersizler alan bir deney grubu ve herhangi bir tedavi uygulanmayan bir kontrol grubu (her grup 20 katılımcıdan oluşuyor) olarak ayrıldı. Giriş kriterleri herhangi bir hastalığın bulunmaması, belirli ilaçları almamak ve 65-85 yaş arasında olmaktı. Deney grubu 8 hafta boyunca hibrit NASM egzersizlerini gerçekleştirirken, kontrol grubunun özel bir eğitim programı yoktu. Dengenin statik ve dinamik formları sırasıyla Romberg Testi (açık ve kapalı gözlerle) ve Zamanlı Kalkma ve Yürüme Testi kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Veri analizi, p<0,05'te tekrarlanan ölçümler kovaryans analizi kullanılarak yapıldı. İstatistiksel bulgular, deney grubunun açık gözlerle statik denge ve dinamik denge açısından skorlarının müdahale sonrasında arttığını gösterdi (p<0,05), ancak kontrol grubunda böyle bir gelişme gözlenmedi. Ayrıca katılımcıların fonksiyonel yeteneklerinde statik ve dinamik denge göstergelerine göre anlamlı bir farklılık gözlendi. Çeşitli duruş kontrol faktörlerini içeren NASM tabanlı hibrit egzersiz programının, yaşlıların fonksiyonel yeteneğini geliştirmede etkili bir program olduğu görülmektedir; bu nedenle programın etkinliği ve pahalı ekipmanlara ihtiyaç duyulmaması nedeniyle yaşlıların evde rehabilitasyonunda ve özellikle yaşlı rehabilitasyon merkezlerinde uygulanması önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Düzeltici egzersizler
• fonksiyonel yetenek
• lordoz ve kifoz açıları
• statik ve dinamik denge

The Effect of Corrective Exercises on Lordosis and Kyphosis Angles and the Functional Ability of Elderly Men

Öz

Introduction: An important consideration in maintaining and improving the elderly’s health and quality of life is preserving their independence in performing daily activities of life and making it possible for them to live actively and independently. Thus, therapists and specialists in sport sciences implement some exercises to facilitate and improve their balance. Objective: The purpose this study to investigate the effects of NASM-based hybrid exercise on the functional ability and lordosis and kyphosis angles of elderly’s in Istanbul. Methods: Out of the population of elderly men in Istanbul, 40 participants were selected using the convenience sampling technique and were randomly divided into an experimental group that received NASM-based exercises and a control group with no treatment (each group containing 20 participants). The entry criteria were the lack of any particular illness, the lack of taking particular medications, and being 65-85. The experimental group performed the hybrid NASM-exercises for 8 weeks, while the control group had no special training program. Static and dynamic forms of balance were evaluated using the Romberg’ Test (with open and closed eyes) and the Timed Up and Go Test, respectively. Data analysis was conducted using the repeated measures covariance analysis at p<0.05. Results: The statistical findings showed that scores of the experimental group in terms of the static balance with open eyes and the dynamic balance improved after receiving the intervention (p<0.05), while no such improvement was observed in the control group. Moreover, a significant difference was observed in the participants’ functional ability according to the indicators of static and dynamic balance. Conclusion: It seems that the NASM-based hybrid exercise program that included several posture-control factures is an effective program to improve the elderly’s functional ability; thus, the program is recommended to be implemented for the rehabilitation of the elderly at home and particularly in elderly rehabilitation centers due to its effectiveness and the fact that costly equipment is not needed for them.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Corrective exercises
• Functional ability
• Lordosis and kyphosis angles
• Static and dynamic balance

Kaynakça

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