Exploring the Dynamics of Hamstring Strength in Volleyball: A Positional Perspective Through a Cross-sectional Lens

Öz

To the best of our knowledge, there is no study in the literature examining the isolated eccentric hamstring strength according to the playing positions of volleyball players, but there are few studies evaluating the hamstring muscle strength according to the playing positions. The aim of this study was to compare the eccentric hamstring muscle strength levels of elite volleyball players according to their playing positions. Elite volleyball players (n=31 female and n=32 male) aged between 18-35 who took part in the 2022-2023 Turkish Volleyball 1st League season and were included in a similar training program participated in the study voluntary. Sixty-three volleyball players were categorized as libero (n=5 female and n=6 male), middle player (n=8 female and n=8 male), opposite (n=4 female and n=6 male), setter (n=6 female and n=4 male) and spiker (n=7 female and n=9 male). Eccentric hamstring muscle strength was assessed during Nordic Hamstring exercise (NHE) using IVMES H-Bord (IVMES, Ankara, Turkey) device. As a result of the comparison of the eccentric hamstring strength of the volleyball players according to the positions, it was determined that there was no statistically significant difference between the maximum and mean eccentric hamstring muscle strengths and muscle strength differences of both female (F=0.403-5.331; p=0.255-0.982) and male (F=4.167-6.985; p=0.137-0.384) athletes. In addition, there was no significant difference between male and female athletes in terms of mean and maximum eccentric hamstring muscle strength and muscle strength differences according to their positions (F=0.001-3.823; p=0.055-0.972). In our study, it was found that the eccentric hamstring strength and bilateral strength difference percentages of both male and female volleyball players did not differ according to their positions. The fact that the eccentric hamstring strength levels of volleyball players did not differ according to the positions in previous studies and in our study is thought to be related to the changing structure of volleyball.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Eccentric muscle strength
• Hamstring
• Playing position
• Volleyball

Voleybolda Hamstring Gücü Dinamiklerinin Araştırılması: Kesitsel Bir Mercekten Konumsal Bir Perspektif

Öz

Bilgimiz dahilinde literatürde izole eksantrik hamstring kuvvetini voleybol oyuncularının oyun pozisyonlarına göre inceleyen bir çalışma bulunmamakla birlikte, hamstring kas kuvvetini oyun pozisyonlarına göre değerlendiren az sayıda çalışma bulunmaktadır. Bu araştırmanın amacı, elit voleybolcuların eksantrik hamstring kas kuvvetlerinin oyun pozisyonlarına göre karşılaştırmaktır. Araştırmaya, 2022-2023 Türkiye Voleybol 1. Lig sezonunda yer alan, benzer antrenman programına alınan 18-35 yaş aralığında 63 (n=31 kadın ve n=32 erkek) elit voleybol sporcusu gönüllü katılmıştır. Sporcular libero (n= 5 kadın ve n=6 erkek), orta oyuncu (n=8 kadın ve n=8 erkek), pasör çaprazı (n= 4 kadın ve n=6 erkek), pasör (n= 6 kadın ve n=4 erkek) ve smaçör (n=7 kadın ve n=9 erkek) olarak kategorize edildi. Sporcuların eksantrik hamstring kas kuvvetleri Nordic Hamstring egzersizi (NHE) sırasında IVMES H-Bord (IVMES, Ankara, Türkiye) kullanılarak yapıldı. Voleybolcuların eksantrik hamstring kuvvetinin mevkilere göre karşılaştırılması sonucunda hem kadın (F=0.403-5.331; p=0.255-0.982) hem erkek (F=4.167-6.985; p=0.137-0.384) sporcuların her iki taraf maksimum ve ortalama eksantrik hamstring kas kuvvetleri ve kas kuvvet farkları arasında istatistiksel olarak fark olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca kadın ve erkek sporcular arasında ortalama ve maksimum eksantrik hamstring kas kuvvetleri ve kas kuvvet farkları bakımından mevkilere göre anlamlı bir fark olmadığı görüldü (F=0.001-3.823; p=0.055-0.972). Çalışmamızda hem kadın hem erkek voleybol oyuncuların eksantrik hamstring kuvvetleri ve iki taraf arası kuvvet farklılık yüzdeleri mevkilere göre farklılık göstermediği bulundu. Geçmiş araştırmalarda ve araştırmamızda, voleybolcuların eksantrik hamstring kuvvet düzeylerinin mevkilere göre farklılık göstermemesi, voleybolun değişen yapısı ile ilgili olduğu düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Eksantrik kas kuvveti
• Hamstring
• Oyun pozisyonu
• Voleybol.

Kaynakça

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