Footwear Preferences of Scouts Registered with the Scouting and Guiding Federation of Turkey

Öz

The aim of this study is to determine the footwear preferences of individuals who are members of the Turkish Scouting Federation and actively participate in scouting activities and camps. The research model was constructed using the general survey method. Data were collected from a total of 390 active scouts through the administration of the “Footwear Preference Scale” (27 items) and a “Personal Information Form.” Responses from 31 participants who either gave irrelevant answers to the instructions or did not respond at all were excluded from the analysis. Thus, the final dataset consisted of responses from 359 scouts, including 153 females and 206 males. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS 23 software package. For variables with two groups, the Mann-Whitney U test was applied, while the Kruskal-Wallis test was used for variables with more than two groups. In order to identify the relationships between the groups and the variables in detail within multiple-group comparisons, Post-Hoc tests were also conducted. As a result of the analyses, significant relationships were identified across all sub-dimensions of footwear preference factors—excluding the variables of price and socio-environmental factors—with comfort, quality, brand, gender, age, scouting experience, and monthly household income. A closer examination of the data revealed that as scouts' status or the duration of their active participation in scouting increased, their preference for footwear used in camps and scouting activities became more function-oriented, with less emphasis on style and trends. These findings indicate that within the Turkish Scouting Federation, the importance attached to functionality in footwear selection is directly proportional to the time spent in scouting and camp activities. Furthermore, it was concluded that gender, perceptions of quality and brand, and monthly household income are among the determining factors in scouts’ footwear preferences.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Scouting Equipment
• Scout Footwear
• Footwear Preferences
• Footwear Selection

Türkiye İzci Federasyonuna Üye İzcilerin Ayakkabı Tercihleri

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı Türkiye İzci Federasyonu’na üye olup aktif bir şekilde izcilik faaliyetlerine ve kamplara katılan bireylerin ayakkabı tercihlerini belirlemektir. Araştırmanın modeli genel tarama yöntemi ile oluşturulmuştur. Toplamda 390 aktif izcinin katıldığı çalışmada kişilere “Ayakkabı Tercihleri Ölçeği” (27) ve “Kişisel Bilgi Formu” uygulanarak veriler toplanmıştır. Yapılan anket çalışmasında yönergeye konu dışı cevap veren veya hiç cevap vermeyen 31 kişinin yanıtları dikkate alınmamıştır. Böylece 153 kadın ve 206 erkekten oluşan toplam 359 izcinin cevapları verileri oluşturmuştur. Toplanan veriler SPSS 23 paket programı kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. İki gruptan oluşan değişkenlere Mann Withney U, iki gruptan fazla olan değişkenlere Kruksal Wallis testi uygulanarak analizler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çoklu gruplarda, gruplar ile değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiyi detaylı tespit edebilmek için Post-Hoc testleri de uygulanmıştır. Analizler sonucunda fiyat değişkeni ve sosyal-çevresel faktörler dışında konfor, kalite, marka, cinsiyet, yaş, izcilik süreleri ve aylık hane geliri ile ayakkabı tercih faktörlerinin tüm alt boyutlarında ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Veriler detaylı incelendiğinde izcilerin statüleri yükseldikçe veya izcilikte aktif geçirdikleri süre arttıkça stil ve trendi göz ardı ederek kamplarda ve izcilik faaliyetlerinde tercih ettikleri ayak giysilerini bu alanlara uygun ergonomik nedenlerle satın aldıkları tespit edilmiştir. Bu sonuca göre Türkiye İzci Federasyonunda geçirilen süre ile kamp ve izcilik faaliyetlerinde giyilen ayakkabılar tercih edilirken işlevselliğe verilen önemin doğru orantıda olduğu ayrıca cinsiyetin, kalite ve marka algısının, aylık hane gelirinin ayakkabı tercihlerini belirleyen faktörleri etkilediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Kaynakça

1. 1. Yick K-l, Yu A, Li P-l. Insights into footwear preferences and insole design to improve thermal environment of footwear. International Journal of Fashion Design, Technology and Education. 2019;12(3):325-34.
2. 2. Ön F, Kurnaz HA, Güzel Ö. Doğa turu deneyimi ve doğa yürüyüşü yönetimi: Turist rehberlerinin perspektifinden fenomonolojik bir çözümleme. Turizm Akademik Dergisi. 2021;8(2):191-206.
3. 3. Kotler P, Kartajaya H, Setiawan I. Pazarlama 4.0: Optimist Yayın Grubu; 2017.
4. 4. Gobe M. Emotional branding: The new paradigm for connecting brands to people: Simon and Schuster; 2010.
5. 5. Solomon MR. Consumer Behavior-Buying, Having and Being: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık; 2020.
6. 6. Erkek A, Yıldırım A. Antrenörlük Yapan Bireylerin Ayakkabı Tercihlerinin İncelenmesi. Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Dergisi.2(2):40-52.
7. 7. Aaker DA. Building strong brands: Simon and schuster; 2012.
8. 8. La M. Beyond the sole: An exploration of affect, desire, and commodified Black masculinity in sneaker consumption. 2023.

9. 9. Ersoy A, Arpaci F, Aksoy A. Üniversite öğrencilerinin giysi ve ayakkabı tüketiminde markaya yönelik davranış ve tercihleri. Gazi Üniversitesi Endüstriyel Sanatlar Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi. 2004(14).
10. 10. Uzun A, Sofuoğlu HZ. Spor ayakkabılarının gelişimi ve spordaki etkileri. Sportive. 2023;6(1):40-50. 11. Matthias EC, Banwell HA, Arnold JB. Methods for assessing footwear comfort: a systematic review. Footwear Science. 2021;13(3):255-74.
11. 12. Menz HB, Bonanno DR. Footwear comfort: a systematic search and narrative synthesis of the literature. Journal of Foot and Ankle Research. 2021;14(1):63.
12. 13. Rincón AG, Barbosa RLC, Mateus MA, Saavedra NO. Symbolic consumption as a non-traditional predictor of brand loyalty in the sports industry, football club segment. Heliyon. 2023;9(4).
13. 14. Stewart Anderson Jr L, Rebholz CM, White LF, Mitchell P, Curcio III EP, Feldman JA, Kahn JH. The impact of footwear and packweight on injury and illness among long-distance hikers. Wilderness & environmental medicine. 2009;20(3):250-6.
14. 15. Froats LR. Thanks for the'Memoir'ies: The Impact and Importance of Appalachian Trail Literature to Hiking Culture: Queen's University (Canada); 2021.
15. 16. Cole N. How To Choose The Right Footwear For Scouting: A Simple Guide Written by Cole in All Posts,Eagle Scout And Beyond,Scouting Culture [Available from: https://scoutsmarts.com/scouting-footwear/?utm_source.
16. 17. TİF. Scouting Level [Available from: https://tif.org.tr/.
17. 18. Uzun A, Karaçam A. Ayakkabı tercihlerini belirlemeye yönelik bir ölçek geliştirme çalışması. Sportive. 2024;7(2):273-87.
18. 19. Mínguez Morón N. Scout Leaders' Integration of Nature in Scouting Activities within Diverse Socio-Cultural Context of The Basque Country. 2024.
19. 20. Lane Keller K. Strategic Brand Managment: Building, Measuring, and Managing Brand Equity. UK: Pearson Education Limited; 2013.
20. 21. Aaker JL. Dimensions of brand personality. Journal of marketing research. 1997;34(3):347-56.
21. 22. Nath Y. " Investigating the Antecedents of Purchase Intentions and Recommendation Behaviour in the Sports Footwear Sector.
22. 23. Holbrook MB, Hirschman EC. The experiential aspects of consumption: Consumer fantasies, feelings, and fun. Journal of consumer research. 1982;9(2):132-40.
23. 24. Belk RW. Possessions and the extended self. Journal of consumer research. 1988;15(2):139-68.
24. 25. Carrington MJ, Neville BA, Whitwell GJ. Why ethical consumers don’t walk their talk: Towards a framework for understanding the gap between the ethical purchase intentions and actual buying behaviour of ethically minded consumers. Journal of business ethics. 2010;97(1):139-58.
25. 26. Peattie K. Green consumption: Behavior and norms. Annual review of environment and resources. 2010;35:195-228.
26. 27. Rosato A. Selling substitute goods to loss‐averse consumers: Limited availability, bargains, and rip‐offs. The RAND Journal of Economics. 2016;47(3):709-33.
27. 28. Kazakevitch G, Torlina L. Consumer choice, information product quality, and market implications. Seeking Success in E-Business: A Multidisciplinary Approach: Springer; 2003. p. 403-20.
28. 29. Wang R, Ke C, Cui S. Product price, quality, and service decisions under consumer choice models. Manufacturing & Service Operations Management. 2022;24(1):430-47.
29. 30. Odabaşı Y, Barış G. Tüketici davranışı (13. baskı). İstanbul: MediaCat Yayınları. 2013.
30. 31. Lipowski M, Angowski M. Gender and consumer behaviour in distribution channels of services. International Journal of Synergy and Research. 2016(5).
31. 32. Friedmann E, Lowengart O. The context of choice as boundary condition for gender differences in brand choice considerations. European Journal of marketing. 2018;52(5/6):1280-304.
32. 33. Karjalainen S. Gender differences in thermal comfort and use of thermostats in everyday thermal environments. Building and environment. 2007;42(4):1594-603.
33. 34. Brough AR, Wilkie JE, Ma J, Isaac MS, Gal D. Is eco-friendly unmanly? The green-feminine stereotype and its effect on sustainable consumption. Journal of consumer research. 2016;43(4):567-82.
34. 35. Windiyani W, Hamid RS, Syamsuddin S, Ikbal M. The Role of Women Entrepreneurship and Eco-Friendly Entrepreneurship on Market Orientation and Marketing Performance of Female Entrepreneurs. Proceedings Series on Social Sciences & Humanities. 2024;15:147-52.
35. 36. Durmaz Y, Akdoğan L. The effect of environmental responsibility on green consumption intention: the moderator role of price sensitivity and the mediator role of environmental concern. A case study in Turkey. Environment, Development and Sustainability. 2024;26(4):9089-114.
36. 37. Gentina E, Shrum L, Lowrey TM. Teen attitudes toward luxury fashion brands from a social identity perspective: A cross-cultural study of French and US teenagers. Journal of Business Research. 2016;69(12):5785-92.
37. 38. Isaksen KJ, Roper S. The Commodification of Self‐Esteem: Branding and B ritish Teenagers. Psychology & Marketing. 2012;29(3):117-35.
38. 39. Muniz Jr AM, O'guinn TC. Brand community. Journal of consumer research. 2001;27(4):412-32.
39. 40. Carpenter SM, Yoon C. Aging and consumer decision making. Aging and decision making. 2015:351-70.
40. 41. Yoon C, Cole CA, Lee MP. Consumer decision making and aging: Current knowledge and future directions. Journal of Consumer Psychology. 2009;19(1):2-16.
41. 42. Lai AW. Consumption Situation and Product Knowledge in the Adoption of a New Product. European Journal of Marketing. 1991;25:55-67.
42. 43. Gözen H. Marka denkliği ve marka aşkı: Eğitim Yayınevi; 2024.
43. 44. Demir Ö, Gülcü Y. Sanayi işletmeleri ve uygulamalarının incelenmesi: Elazığ organize sanayi bölgesinde yapılan bir araştırma. Firat University Journal of Social Sciences. 2012;22(2).