The Turkish Adaptation of Athletic Coping Skills Inventory-28 (ACSI-28): The validity and reliability study

Öz

It is the aim of this study is to test the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of Athletic Coping Skills Inventory-28 (ACSI-28) developed by Smith et al. (28). Back-translation technique was employed during the process of Turkish translation of ACSI-28. The scale is 28 items instrument which have seven subscales, namely coping with adversity, concentration, coachability, confidence and achievement motivation, goal setting/mental preparation, peaking under pressure, and freedom from worry. Respondents of the ACSI-28 indicate the extent to which they agree with each statement on a four-point Likert scale, ranging from 0 (Almost never) to 3 (Almost always). Items number 9 and 12 have been removed from the scale, which are not meaningful t value according to the analyze. With the remaining 26 items, the analyzes were repeated. After review, all the items were maintain in place. In order to test the inventory’s reliability, its Cronbach’s Alpha scores was calculated and found for each subscales coping with adversity .66, concentration .68, coachability .71, confidence and achievement motivation .65, goal setting/mental preparation .70, peaking under pressure .80, and freedom from worry .62. The scale is shown to be valid and reliable.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Talent Identification,Sport-psychological skill,Athletic Coping Skills Inventory-28.

Kaynakça

1. Abbott A. & Collins D. Eliminating the dichotomy between theory and practice in talent identification and development: Considering the role of psychology. Journal of Sports Sciences, 2004; 22, 395-408.
2. Booysen C. Designing a protocol and comparative norms for the identificatioand selection of talent among elite age-group rugby players in South Africa. (Doctoral Thesis). University of Pretoria Department of Biokinetics, Sport and Leisure Sciences, Pretoria; 2007. Retrieved from http://repository.up.ac.za/bitstream/handle/ 2263/29112/Complete.pdf?sequence=10
3. Burton D. & Raedeke TD. Sport psychology for coaches. International Journal of Sports Science and Coaching, 2008; 3(2), 291-292.
4. Büyüköztürk S. Veri analizi el kitabı. Ankara: Pegem Yayıncılık: 2004.
5. Cheung S. & Lo C. Psychological profiles and stress management training for Hong Kong national gymnasts. Journal of International Council for Health, Physical Education, Recreation, Sport & Dance, 1996; 32(4), 61–64.
6. Cogan KD. & Petrie, TA. Sport consultation: An evaluation of a season-long intervention with female collegiate gymnasts. The Sport Psychologist, 1995; 9, 282-296.
7. Cole, D. A. Utility of confirmatory factor analysis in test validation research. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1987; 55, 584-594.
8. Daus AT, Wilson J, & Freeman WM. Psychological testing as an auxiliary means of selecting successful college and professional football players. Journal of Sports Medicine, 1986; 26, 274-278.

9. Duda J, Chi L, Newton M, Walling M, & Catley D. Task and ego orientation and intrinsic motivation in sport. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 1995; 26, 40-63.
10. Erbil N, Bakır A. Meslekte profesyonel tutum envanterinin geliştirilmesi, Uluslararası İnsan Bilimleri Dergisi, 2009; 6:290-302.
11. Erkuş A. Bilimsel araştırma sarmalı. Ankara: Seçkin Yayınları: 2005.
12. Gee CJ, Marshall JC, & King JF. Should coaches use personality assessments in the talent identification process? A 15 year predictive study on professional hockey players. International Journal of Coaching Science, 2010; 4, 25-34.
13. Hayashi SW. Understanding youth sport participation through perceived coaching behaviors, social support, anxiety and coping. Dissertation Abstracts Internationals, 1998; 59 (7-A), 2418.
14. Hayslip B, Petrie TA, MacIntire MM & Jones GM. The influences of skill level, anxiety, and psychological skills use on amateur golfers’ performances. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 2010; 22, 123-133. doi:10.1080/104132009035542 81.
15. Kalaycı S. (Ed.). SPSS Uygulamalı Çok Değişkenli İstatistik Teknikleri. Ankara: Asil Yayın Dağıtım: 2006.
16. Kayış A. Güvenilirlik analizi (Reliability analysis). Kalaycı Ş. (Editör). SPSS uygulamalı çok değişkenli istatistik teknikleri. Beşinci Baskı. Ankara. Asil Yayın Dağıtım Ltd. Şti: 2010.
17. Kerr G & Minden H. Psychological factors related to the occurrence of athletic injuries, Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 1988; 10, 167–173.
18. Kline RB. Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling. 2nd ed. New York: The Guilford Press: 2005.
19. Kolt GS & Kirkby RJ. (1994). Injury, anxiety, and mood in competitive gymnasts. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 1994; 78, 955-962.
20. Konter E. Sportif Sorunlarla Başa Çıkma Becerileri Envanteri-28’in Geçerliği ve Güvenilirliğinin Test Edilmesi (Testing the Validity and Reliability of Athletic Coping Skills Inventory-28), Performans Dergisi, 2005; 11(4): 7-14.
21. Kruger A. Sport specific talent identification determinants and development of sprinting and long jumping ability among 10-15 year old children from underprivileged communities. (PhD Dissertation); 2006. Retrieved from https://dspace.nwu.ac.za/handle/10394/1318
22. Lazarus RS. From psychological stress to the emotions: A history of changing outlooks. Annual Review of Psychology, 1993; 44, 1-21.
23. McCarthy PJ, Jones MV, Harwood CG, & Olivier S. What do young athletes implicitly understand about psychological skills? Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology, 2010; 4(2).
24. Özdamar K. Paket programlar ile istatistiksel veri analizi. Eskişehir: Kaan Kitabevi: 2004.
25. Porat Y, Lufi D, & Tenenbaum, G. Psychological components contribute to select young female gymnasts. International Journal of Sports Psychology, 1989; 20, 279-286.
26. Savaşır I. Ölçek uyarlamasındaki bazı sorunlar ve çözüm yolları. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi , 1994; 33(9): 27-32.
27. Smith RE & Christensen DS. Psychology skills as predictors of performance and survival in professional baseball. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 1995; 17, 399-415.
28. Smith RE, Schutz RW, Smoll FL. & Ptacek JT. Development and validation of a multidimensional measure of sport-specific psychological skills: The athletic coping skills inventory-28. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 1995; 17, 379-389.
29. Sümer N. Yapısal Eşitlik Modelleri: Temel Kavramlar ve Örnek Uygulamalar. Türk Psikoloji Yazıları, 2000; 3(6): 49-74.
30. Tezbaşaran A. Likert Tipi Ölçek Geliştirme Kılavuzu. İkinci baskı. Türk Psikologlar Derneği Yayını, Ankara: 1997.
31. Weinberg R, Miller A, & Horn T. The influence of a self-talk intervention on collegiate cross-country runners. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 2012; 10(2): 123-134.
32. Williams JM. & Krane V. Psychological characteristics of peak performance. In: Applied sport psychology: Personal growth to peak performance. 4th ed. Williams, JM (Ed.), 2001; 137-147.