Silahlı Kuvvetlerde Fiziksel Uygunluk: Uluslararası Değerlendirme Uygulamalarının Kapsamlı Bir İncelemesi

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 26 Sayı: 2, 252 - 264, 31.08.2024

Muhammed Sıddık Çemç , Recep Şahin

https://doi.org/10.15314/tsed.1505385

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı çeşitli ülkelerin silahlı kuvvetlerinde kullanılan fiziksel uygunluk değerlendirme yöntemlerini detaylı bir şekilde incelemek ve askeri personelin operasyon yetenekleri ile genel sağlık durumlarını sürdürebilmeleri için gerekli olan fiziksel uygunluk kriterlerini değerlendirmektir. Araştırma kapsamında; Amerika Birleşik Devletleri, Almanya, Avustralya, Avusturya, Çekya, Çin, Finlandiya, Fransa, Gürcistan, Kanada, İrlanda, İngiltere, İsrail, İsveç, Letonya, Rusya ve Türkiye olmak üzere 17 ülke ordusunda kullanılan fiziksel uygunluk değerlendirme testleri incelenmiştir. İcra edilen testlerin askerlerin kas kuvvetini, aerobik kapasitesini, dayanıklılığını ve genel fiziksel uygunluk durumlarını belirlemeyi amaçladığı gözlenmiştir. Ayrıca, ülkelerin uygulamış olduğu fiziksel uygunluk test ve değerlendirme kriterlerinin değişiklik gösterdiği fakat uygulamadaki temel amaçlarının birbiri ile benzer olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Yapılan araştırmalar ile fiziksel uygunluk seviyesinin muhafaza edilmesi sonucu, askerlerin savaş şartlarında yüzleşebilecekleri problem ve sıkıntılara karşı dayanıklılıklarının yükseldiği ve bu durumun operasyon başarısına katkı sağladığı gözlenmiştir. Bu kapsamda, ülke ordularının fiziksel uygunluk programlarını sürdürme ve geliştirmeye devam etmeleri büyük önem taşımaktadır. Ayrıca, fiziksel uygunluk test değerlendirmelerinin bilimsel gelişmelere uyum sağlayacak şekilde sistemli olarak gözden geçirilmesi ve güncellenme çalışmalarının yapılması, ordularda değişiklik gösteren operasyon gereksinimlerine katkı sağlayacaktır. Sonuç olarak, fiziksel uygunluk seviyelerini korumak ve geliştirmek, askerlerin operasyon başarısı açısından kritik bir etmendir. Bu sebeple düzenli olarak gözlenmeli ve geliştirilmelidir. Bu araştırma, ülke ordularında uygulanan fiziksel uygunluk test değerlendirmelerinin önemini vurgulayarak, bu kapsamda yapılacak çalışmaların geliştirilmesine katkı sağlamayı amaçlamıştır. Böylece yapılan uygulamaların paylaşılması ile uluslararası alanda askerlerin fiziksel kapasitesini artırmaya yönelik önemli adımların atılması hedeflenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Silahlı Kuvvetler, Fiziksel Uygunluk, Test Yöntemleri

Physical Fitness in the Armed Forces: A Comprehensive Study of International Assessment Practices

Öz

The aim of this study is to thoroughly examine the physical fitness assessment methods used in the armed forces of various countries and to evaluate the physical fitness criteria necessary for military personnel to maintain their operational capabilities and overall health. Within the scope of the research, physical fitness assessment tests used in the armed forces of 17 countries, including the United States, Germany, Australia, Austria, the Czech Republic, China, Finland, France, Georgia, Canada, Ireland, the United Kingdom, Israel, Sweden, Latvia, Russia, and Turkey, were examined. It was observed that the tests aim to determine the soldiers' muscle strength, aerobic capacity, endurance, and overall physical fitness status. Additionally, it was found that while the physical fitness test and evaluation criteria applied by these countries vary, their fundamental purposes in practice are similar. Research has shown that maintaining physical fitness levels results in increased resilience of soldiers against problems and difficulties they may face in combat conditions, contributing to operational success. In this context, it is of great importance for national armies to continue and enhance their physical fitness programs. Moreover, it is essential to systematically review and update physical fitness test evaluations in accordance with scientific advancements, which will contribute to varying operational requirements in the armies. In conclusion, maintaining and improving physical fitness levels is a critical factor for the operational success of soldiers. Therefore, it should be regularly monitored and enhanced. This research aims to emphasize the importance of physical fitness test evaluations applied in national armies and contribute to the development of related studies. By sharing the practices implemented, it aims to take significant steps internationally towards enhancing soldiers' physical capacities.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Armed Forces, Physical Fitness, Testing Methods

Kaynakça

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