The Role of Sex in Evaluating Other Male and Female Drivers’ Driving Skills and Behavior

Öz

Countries with wider gender gap might host sex-based stereotypical evaluations, which might be present from the early ages and persist. It might also hinder the stereotyped groups’ performance on the stereotyped field, such as driving (Granié and Papafava, 2011; Moè, Cadinu, & Maass, 2015; Steele & Aronson, 1995). Although the effect of sex and gender roles in self-evaluated driving skills and behaviors are studied, the possible effect of sex in evaluating other male and female drivers in their driving skills and behaviors was not a topic of interest in road safety studies. Thus, the aim of the current study was to investigate whether sex of the participants was a significant factor in evaluating other male and female drivers’ driving skills and behavior. 92 Female and 70 male drivers participated in the study. Participants were asked to fill forms of Driver Skill Inventory (DSI) and Driver Behavior Questionnaire (DBQ) to assess driving skills and behaviors of other male and female drivers. The results indicated significant differences between male and female participants in evaluations of other female drivers’ perceptual-motor skills, safety skills, and driving errors. In line with the literature, female drivers were endorsed for their safety skills, and male participants were endorsed for their perceptual motor skills. Similarly, female drivers received higher mean values for lapses and male drivers received higher mean values for errors, aggressive violations, and ordinary violations. Results are important in raising awareness regarding sex-based stereotypical evaluations of drivers, especially towards female drivers, in Turkey.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Driver Skill Inventory
• Driver Behavior Questionnaire
• Female Drivers
• Stereotype

Cinsiyetin Diğer Erkek ve Kadın Sürücülerin Sürüş Becerileri ve Davranışlarının Değerlendirilmesindeki Rolü

Öz

Araştırmalar, cinsiyet eşitsizliğinin ön planda olduğu ülkelerde cinsiyet temelli basmakalıp inanışların bulunabileceğini ve bu inanışların bireylerde erken yaşlarda yer edinmeye başlayıp daha sonra da devam edebileceğini göstermiştir. Ayrıca basmakalıp inanışların, bu inanışlara maruz kalan grubun sürüş gibi performansları üzerinde olumsuz etkisi olduğu da raporlanmıştır (Granié and Papafava, 2011; Moè, Cadinu, & Maass, 2015; Steele & Aronson, 1995). Cinsiyet ve cinsiyet rollerinin öz beyana dayalı sürüş becerileri ve davranışları ölçümlerine olan etkileri çalışılmış olsa da, cinsiyetin diğer erkek ve diğer kadın sürücülerin sürüş becerileri ve davranışlarının değerlendirilmesindeki muhtemel etkisi üzerinde yeterince yoğunlaşılmamıştır. Bu nedenle mevcut çalışma, katılımcıların cinsiyetinin diğer erkek ve kadın sürücülerin sürüş becerileri ve davranışlarının değerlendirilmesinde belirgin bir faktör olup olmadığını araştırmayı amaçlamıştır. Çalışmaya 92 kadın ve 70 erkek sürücü dahil olmuştur. Katılımcılara Sürücü Becerileri Ölçeği ve Sürücü Davranışları Ölçeği formları, kadın ve erkek sürücüleri değerlendirecekleri şekilde sunulmuştur. Sonuçlar erkek ve kadın katılımcıların kadın sürücülerin algı-motor becerileri, güvenlik becerileri ve sürüş hatalarına yönelik yapmış oldukları değerlendirmeler arasında belirgin fark olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Alanyazın ile uygun şekilde kadın sürücüler genel olarak güvenlik becerileri bakımından, erkek katılımcılar ise algı-motor becerileri bakımından becerikli olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Yine alanyazınla uygun şekilde kadın sürücüler dalgınlıklar bakımından daha yüksek ortalama değerler elde ederken, erkek sürücüler hatalar, saldırgan ihlaller ve sıradan ihlaller alt ölçeklerinde daha yüksek ortalama ile değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuçlar, Türkiye’de özellikle kadın sürücülere yönelik cinsiyet temelli basmakalıp inanışlara dair farkındalık oluşturabilmesi adına değerlidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Sürücü Becerileri Ölçeği
• Sürücü Davranışları Ölçeği
• Kadın Sürücüler
• Stereotip

Kaynakça

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