Türkiye Örnekleminde Yaşlı ve Genç Sürücüler için Öz-Düzenleyici Davranışların Taktiksel ve Stratejik Dağılımı

Öz

Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, trafikteki öz-düzenleyici davranışların Türkiye örnekleminde yaşlı ve genç sürücüler açısından incelenmesi ve Türkiye örneklem için hangi öz-düzenleyici davranışların geçerli olduğunun yaşlı-genç sürücü grupları açısından araştırılmasıdır. Çalışmaya 258 (120 yaşlı, 138 genç) aktif erkek sürücü katılmıştır. Yaşlı sürücüler 60-75 yaş aralığı ile sınırlandırılırken, genç sürücülerin yaş aralığı 21-30 olarak belirlenmiştir. Faktör dağılımının incelenmesi için Trafikte Öz-Düzenleyici Davranışlar Anketi (TÖDDA) (Molnar ve ark., 2013) Türkçe’ye adapte edilmiş ve kısa uyarlaması bu çalışma için kullanılmıştır. Bu uyarlamada esas çalışmada yer alan motivasyonel faktörler ankete dahil edilmezken, ‘Hayat Amacı’, ‘Stratejik’ ve ‘Taktiksel’ seviye maddelerinin hepsi ankete dahil edilmiştir. Çalışma sonuçlarına göre, TÖDDA’da her iki yaş grubunda da ‘Hayat Amacı’ seviyesi maddeleri ve faktörü düşerken, iki grupta da ‘Stratejik’ ve ‘Taktiksel’ seviye davranışları iki ayrı faktör altında gruplanmıştır ve bu çalışma sonuçlarına göre Türkiye örneklemi için yaşlı ve genç sürücülerin özellikle yararlandıkları stratejik ve taktiksel kararlar bulunmuştur. Farklı özellikleri bulunan yaşlı ve genç sürücü grupları için yapılan analizlerin sonuncunda iki grup içinde iki ana faktörün istatistiksel ve içeriksel olarak ayrışması, stratejik ve taktiksel kararların geçerliliğine kanıt olarak sunulabilirken, bu faktörlerin farklı maddeler ve içeriklerden oluşması yaşlı ve genç sürücü gruplarının davranış mekanizmalarının farklı olduğunun sinyallerini verir niteliktedir. Ayrıca yaşlı sürücülerde olduğu kadar genç sürücüler için de öz-düzenleyici davranışların kullanımının önemini ve yaygınlığını destekler niteliktedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• yaşlı sürücüler,genç sürücüler,stratejik öz-düzenleyici davranışlar,taktiksel öz-düzenleyici davranışlar,sürücü davranışları

Tactical and Strategical Distribution of Driving Self-Regulatory Behaviors for Old and Young Drivers in Turkey

Öz

The purpose of this study is to investigate old and young drivers’ self-regulatory driving behaviors in a Turkish sample. Also, it is aimed, to investigate which type of self-regulatory driving behaviors are determined, and to explore the factor structure of self-regulatory driving behaviors in Turkish sample. 120 old and 138 young, a total of 258 active drivers participated to the study. The age range for old driver sample was determined as 60-75 while young drivers’ age range was 21-30. In order to investigate the factor structure of the Advanced Decisions and Patterns of Travel Scale (ADDAPT) (Molnar et al., 2013), it was adapted to Turkish and shortened. The shortened version of the questionnaire includes ‘Life-Goal’, ‘Strategical’ and ‘Tactical’ level items except for the motivational questions related to these decisions. The findings of this study show that the life-goal level items were dropped for both older and younger driver sample. For both age groups the strategic and tactical decisions were clearly separated from each other and found as two different factors. The separation of strategic and tactical self-regulatory driving behaviors for two different age groups may prove the different behavioral mechanism of strategic and tactical decisions. At the same time the content and item differences for both age groups support the idea that the behavioral mechanism for old and young drivers’ self-regulatory decisions may be different. Lastly, the findings of this study also show the importance and prevalence of self-regulatory driving behaviors not only for older drivers but also for younger drivers as well.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• older drivers,young drivers,strategical self-regulation,tactical self-regulation,driver behaviors

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