Araştırma Makalesi
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Sürücü Eğitmenlerinin İş Doyumu, İş Stresi, Tükenmişliği ve Kazaları: Sürücü Davranışlarının Aracı Rolü

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 36 - 53, 30.04.2018

Öz

İşleri gereği trafik ortamlarına fazla miktarda maruz kalan sürücü
eğitmenlerinin, araba kullanmak için gerekli olan bilgi ve becerileri sürücü
adaylarına aktarmakla görevli oldukları için yol güvenliğinde oldukça önemli
bir yere ve aktif bir role sahip oldukları söylenebilir. Bu çalışmanın amacı işteki
iyilik hali göstergeleri (örn., iş doyumu, iş stresi ve tükenmişlik) ve kaza
sayısı arasındaki ilişkide sapkın sürücü davranışlarının (hatalar, ihlaller ve
ihmal ve dikkatsizlikler) rolünü sürücü eğitmenleri örnekleminde incelemektir.
Toplamda 132 sürücü eğitmeni çalışmaya katılmıştır. Korelasyon sonuçlarına
göre, kaza sayısı tüm sapkın sürücü davranışlarıyla anlamlı düzeyde
ilişkilidir. Ayrıca, iş doyumu ve iş stresi de tüm sapkın sürücü
davranışlarıyla anlamlı düzeyde ilişkiliyken; tükenmişlik sadece hata ve ihmal
ve dikkatsizliklerle ilişkilidir. Kaza sayısı ve işteki iyilik hali
göstergeleri arasındaki ilişkide sürücü davranışlarının rolünü incelemek için
bir seri bootstrap analizi yapılmıştır. Bu analizlerin sonuçlarına göre; iş
doyumunun kazaları sürücü hata ve ihlalleri aracılığıyla etkilediği
görülmüştür. İkinci olarak, iş stresinin kazaları sürücü hata, ihlal ve ihmal
ve dikkatsizlikleri aracılığıyla etkilediği görülmüştür. Son olarak,
tükenmişliğin kaza sayısı üzerindeki dolaylı etkisinin hata ve ihmal ve
dikkatsizlikler aracılığıyla ortaya çıktığı bulunmuştur. İlgili alanyazın
dikkate alınarak çalışmanın bulguları tartışılmıştır.

Kaynakça

  • Ahola, K., Kivimäki, M., Honkonen, T., Virtanen, M., Koskinen, S., Vahtera, J. ve Lönnqvist, J. (2008). Occupational burnout and medically certified sickness absence: a population-based study of Finnish employees. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 64(2), 185–193.
  • Barling, J., Kelloway, E. K. ve Iverson, R. D. (2003). High-quality work, job satisfaction, and occupational injuries. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(2), 276.
  • Bartl, G., Gregersen, N. P. ve Sanders, N. (2005). EU MERIT Project: Minimum Requirements for Driving Instructor Training (Final Report). Vienna: Institut Gute Fahrt. http://www.cieca.eu/sites/default/files/documents/projects_and_studies/1MERITFinaReportEn.pdf
  • Chen, C. F. ve Kao, Y.L. (2013). The connection between the hassles-burnout relationship, as moderated by coping, and aberrant behaviors and health problems among bus drivers. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 53, 105–111.
  • Chung, Y. S. ve Wu, H.-L. (2013). Effect of burnout on accident involvement in occupational drivers. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2388, 1–9.
  • Clarke, S. (2010). An integrative model of safety climate: Linking psychological climate and work attitudes to individual safety outcomes using meta‐analysis. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 83(3), 553–578.
  • Couto, M. T. ve Lawoko, S. (2011). Burnout, workplace violence and social support among drivers and conductors in the road passenger transport sector in Maputo City, Mozambique. Journal of Occupational Health, 53, 214–221.
  • de Winter, J. C. F. ve Dodou, D. (2010). The Driver Behaviour Questionnaire as a predictor of accidents: A meta-analysis. Journal of Safety Research, 41, 463–470.
  • Diener, E. (2000). Subjective well-being: The science of happiness and a proposal for a national index. American Psychologist, 55(1), 34.
  • Elander, J., West, R. ve French, D. (1993). Behavioral correlates of individual differences in road-traffic crash risk: An examination of methods and findings. Psychological Bulletin, 113(2), 279–294.
  • Elo, A. L., Leppänen, A., Lindström, K. ve Ropponen, T. (1992). OSQ, Occupational Stress Questionnaire – User’s instructions. Helsinki: Finnish Institute of Occupational Health.
  • Faragher, E. B., Cass, M. ve Cooper, C. L. (2005). The relationship between job satisfaction and health: a meta-analysis. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 62(2), 105–112.
  • Fındık, G. (2016). Job stress, burnout, and aberrant driving among professional drivers of old age (Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi, Ankara.
  • Fredrickson, B. L. ve Branigan, C. (2005). Positive emotions broaden the scope of attention and thought‐action repertoires. Cognition and Emotion, 19(3), 313–332.
  • Goodyear (2014). Driving safety first. Improving road safety for novice drivers. https://www.goodyear.eu/home_en/images/goodyear_road_safety_whitepaper_2014_tcm2093-164518.pdf
  • Griffin, M. L., Hogan, N. L., Lambert, E. G., Tucker-Gail, K. A. ve Baker, D. N. (2010). Job involvement, job stress, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment and the burnout of correctional staff. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 37(2), 239–255.
  • Harrington, D., Bean, N., Pintello, D. ve Mathews, D. (2005). Job satisfaction and burnout: Predictors of intentions to leave a job in a military setting. Administration in Social Work, 25(3), 1–16.
  • Ho, H.C., Leono, D., Suhartono, I. S. ve Reynaldo, M. (2015, Mart). Pursuing the quality of driving through an understanding of job security, job satisfaction, and perceived safety as antecedents of motorcycling behavior in Jakarta, Indonesia. Proceedings of the 2015 International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management, Dubai, United Arab Emirates (UAE).
  • Ho, H. C. ve Widaningrum, D. L. (2016, Mart). Car drivers with higher perceived safety tend to drive their vehicles with higher risk, a unique phenomenon on the roads in Jakarta, Indonesia. Proceedings of the 2016 International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
  • Hofmann, D. A. ve Stetzer, A. (1996). A cross‐level investigation of factors influencing unsafe behaviors and accidents. Personnel Psychology, 49(2), 307–339.
  • Hämmig, O. (2017). Health and well-being at work: The key role of supervisor support. SSM-Population Health, 3, 393–402.
  • Israel, B. A., Baker, E. A., Goldenhar, L. M. ve Heaney, C. A. (1996). Occupational stress, safety, and health: conceptual framework and principles for effective prevention interventions. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 1(3), 261.
  • Jallais, C., Gabaude, L. ve Paire-Ficout, L. (2014). When emotions disturb the localization of road elements: Effect of anger and sadness. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 23, 125–132.
  • Judge, T. A., Thoresen, C. J., Bono, J. E. ve Patton, G. K. (2001). The job satisfaction–job performance relationship: A qualitative and quantitative review. Psychological Bulletin, 127(3), 376–407.
  • Kim, H. ve Kao, D. (2014). A meta-analysis of turnover intention predictors among US child welfare workers. Children and Youth Services Review, 47, 214–223.
  • Klopfenstein, K. (2005). Beyond test scores: The impact of black teacher role models on rigorous math taking. Contemporary Economic Policy, 23(3), 416–428.
  • Kontogiannis, T. (2006). Patterns of driver stress and coping strategies in a Greek sample and their relationship to aberrant behaviors and traffic accidents. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 38(5), 913–924.
  • Kotzé, M. ve Steyn, L. (2013). The role of psychological factors in workplace safety. Ergonomics, 56(12), 1928–1939.
  • Lee, R. T. ve Ashforth, B. E. (1996). A meta-analytic examination of the correlates of the three dimensions of job burnout. Journal of Applied Psychology, 81, 123–133.
  • Leka, S., Griffiths, A. ve Cox, T. (2013). Protecting workers’ health series No. 3: Work organization and stress [Broşür]. Geneva: World Health Organization.
  • Lewin, I. (1982). Driver training: a perceptual-motor skill approach. Ergonomics, 25(10), 917– 924.
  • Li, L., Ai, H., Gao, L., Zhou, H., Liu, X., Zhang, Z., ... ve Fan, L. (2017). Moderating effects of coping on work stress and job performance for nurses in tertiary hospitals: a cross-sectional survey in China. BMC Health Services Research, 17(1), 401.
  • Maslach, C., Schaufeli, W. B. ve Leiter, M. P. (2001). Job burnout. Annual Review of Psychology, 52(1), 397–422.
  • Mohamed, D. ve Lotfi, B. (2016). Dimensions of aberrant driving behaviours in Tunisia: identifying the relation between Driver Behaviour Questionnaire results and accident data. International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion, 23(4), 337–345.
  • Nahrgang, J. D., Morgeson, F. P. ve Hofmann, D. A. (2011). Safety at work: A meta-analytic investigation of the link between job demands, job resources, burnout, engagement, and safety outcomes. Journal of Applied Psychology, 96(1), 71–94.
  • Näätänen, P., Aro, A., Matthiesen, S. B. ve Salmela-Aro, K. (2003). Bergen Burnout Indicator 15. Helsinki: Edita Publishing Oy.
  • Öz, B., Özkan, T. ve Lajunen, T. (2010). Professional and non-professional drivers' stress reactions and risky driving. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 13(1), 32–40.
  • Parker, D., McDonald, L., Rabbitt, P. ve Sutcliffe, P. (2000). Elderly drivers and their accidents: the Aging Driver Questionnaire. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 32(6), 751–759.
  • Parker, D., Reason, J. T., Manstead, A. S. ve Stradling, S. G. (1995). Driving errors, driving violations and accident involvement. Ergonomics, 38(5), 1036–1048.
  • Płatek, A. E., Szymański, F. M., Filipiak, K. J., Ozierański, K., Kotkowski, M., … Opolski, G. (2016). Prevalence of depressive disorders in professional drivers – epidemiologic subanalysis of the RACER study. Psychiatria Polska, 50(4), 859–871.
  • Preacher, K. J. ve Hayes, A. F. (2008). Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models. Behavior Research Methods, 40, 879–891.
  • Probst, T. M. ve Brubaker, T. L. (2001). The effects of job insecurity on employee safety outcomes: cross-sectional and longitudinal explorations. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 6(2), 139.
  • Reason, J., Manstead, A., Stradling, S., Baxter, J. ve Campbell, K. (1990). Errors and violations on the roads: A real distinction?. Ergonomics, 33, 1315–1332.
  • Rowden, P., Matthews, G., Watson, B. ve Biggs, H. (2011). The relative impact of work-related stress, life stress and driving environment stress on driving outcomes. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 43(4), 1332–1340.
  • Scott-Parker, B. (2017). Nonverbal communication during the learner lesson with a professional driving instructor: A novel investigation. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 47, 1–12.
  • Siu, O. L., Phillips, D. R. ve Leung, T. W. (2004). Safety climate and safety performance among construction workers in Hong Kong: The role of psychological strains as mediators. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 36(3), 359–366.
  • Spector, P. E. (1997). Job satisfaction: Application, assessment, causes, and consequences. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Sümer, N. ve Özkan, T. (2002). The role of driver behaviour, skills, and personality traits in traffic accidents. Turkish Journal of Psychology, 17(50), 1–22.
  • Taris, T. W. (2006). Is there a relationship between burnout and objective performance? A critical review of 16 studies. Work and Stress, 20(4), 316–334.
  • Taris, T. W. ve Schreurs, P. J. (2009). Well-being and organizational performance: An organizational-level test of the happy-productive worker hypothesis. Work and Stress, 23(2), 120–136.
  • Taris, T. W. ve Schaufeli, W. B. (2015). Individual well-being and performance at work. M. van Veldhoven ve R. Peccei (Ed.), Well-being and performance at work: The role of context içinde (s.15–34). New York, NY: Psychology Press.
  • Urbańska, K., Żelazko, A., Domagalska, J. ve Nowak, P. (2016). Comparison of exposure to stress and analysis of ways of coping with stress among freight transport and public transport drivers [Özet]. Medycyna pracy, 67(4), 455–466.
  • Useche, S. A., Ortiz, V. G. ve Cendales, B. E. (2017). Stress-related psychosocial factors at work, fatigue, and risky driving behavior in bus rapid transport (BRT) drivers. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 104, 106–114.
  • van der Linden, D., Keijsers, G. P. J., Eling, P. ve van Schaijk, R. (2005). Work stress and attentional difficulties: An initial study on burnout and cognitive failures. Work and Stress, 19(1), 23–36.
  • World Health Organization (2007). Youth and Road Safety. Geneva: World Health Organization.
  • World Health Organization (2015). Global status report on road safety 2015. Geneva: World Health Organization.

Driving Instructors’ Job Satisfaction, Work Stress, Burnout and Accidents: The Mediating Role of Driver Behaviors

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 36 - 53, 30.04.2018

Öz

Driver instructors who are exposed to road traffic extensively due to the
nature of their jobs have important role in, and contribution to road safety
since they try to transfer their knowledge and skills to driver candidates.
Hence, the aim of this study was to investigate whether well-being indicators
at work (i.e., job satisfaction, work stress, and burnout) affect the number of
accidents via driver behaviors (i.e., errors, violations, and slips and lapses)
in a sample of driver instructors. A total of 132 driving instructors
participated to the study. According to correlation analysis, the number of
accidents was associated with all types of aberrant driver behaviors (i.e.,
errors, violations, and slips and lapses). Job satisfaction and work stress had
also significant association with all types of aberrant behaviors; although
burnout had significant association with only the errors and slips and lapses. In
order to test the indirect effects of well-being indicators at work on the
number of accidents via aberrant driver behaviors, a series of bootstrap
analyses were conducted. According to the bootstrap results, firstly job
satisfaction had significant indirect effects on the number of accidents via
errors and violations. Secondly, work stress had significant indirect effects
on the number of accidents via errors, violations, and slips and lapses.
Finally, burnout had significant indirect effects on the number of accidents
via errors and slips and lapses. Findings of this study was discussed by taking
the previous studies into consideration.

Kaynakça

  • Ahola, K., Kivimäki, M., Honkonen, T., Virtanen, M., Koskinen, S., Vahtera, J. ve Lönnqvist, J. (2008). Occupational burnout and medically certified sickness absence: a population-based study of Finnish employees. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 64(2), 185–193.
  • Barling, J., Kelloway, E. K. ve Iverson, R. D. (2003). High-quality work, job satisfaction, and occupational injuries. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(2), 276.
  • Bartl, G., Gregersen, N. P. ve Sanders, N. (2005). EU MERIT Project: Minimum Requirements for Driving Instructor Training (Final Report). Vienna: Institut Gute Fahrt. http://www.cieca.eu/sites/default/files/documents/projects_and_studies/1MERITFinaReportEn.pdf
  • Chen, C. F. ve Kao, Y.L. (2013). The connection between the hassles-burnout relationship, as moderated by coping, and aberrant behaviors and health problems among bus drivers. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 53, 105–111.
  • Chung, Y. S. ve Wu, H.-L. (2013). Effect of burnout on accident involvement in occupational drivers. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2388, 1–9.
  • Clarke, S. (2010). An integrative model of safety climate: Linking psychological climate and work attitudes to individual safety outcomes using meta‐analysis. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 83(3), 553–578.
  • Couto, M. T. ve Lawoko, S. (2011). Burnout, workplace violence and social support among drivers and conductors in the road passenger transport sector in Maputo City, Mozambique. Journal of Occupational Health, 53, 214–221.
  • de Winter, J. C. F. ve Dodou, D. (2010). The Driver Behaviour Questionnaire as a predictor of accidents: A meta-analysis. Journal of Safety Research, 41, 463–470.
  • Diener, E. (2000). Subjective well-being: The science of happiness and a proposal for a national index. American Psychologist, 55(1), 34.
  • Elander, J., West, R. ve French, D. (1993). Behavioral correlates of individual differences in road-traffic crash risk: An examination of methods and findings. Psychological Bulletin, 113(2), 279–294.
  • Elo, A. L., Leppänen, A., Lindström, K. ve Ropponen, T. (1992). OSQ, Occupational Stress Questionnaire – User’s instructions. Helsinki: Finnish Institute of Occupational Health.
  • Faragher, E. B., Cass, M. ve Cooper, C. L. (2005). The relationship between job satisfaction and health: a meta-analysis. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 62(2), 105–112.
  • Fındık, G. (2016). Job stress, burnout, and aberrant driving among professional drivers of old age (Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi, Ankara.
  • Fredrickson, B. L. ve Branigan, C. (2005). Positive emotions broaden the scope of attention and thought‐action repertoires. Cognition and Emotion, 19(3), 313–332.
  • Goodyear (2014). Driving safety first. Improving road safety for novice drivers. https://www.goodyear.eu/home_en/images/goodyear_road_safety_whitepaper_2014_tcm2093-164518.pdf
  • Griffin, M. L., Hogan, N. L., Lambert, E. G., Tucker-Gail, K. A. ve Baker, D. N. (2010). Job involvement, job stress, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment and the burnout of correctional staff. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 37(2), 239–255.
  • Harrington, D., Bean, N., Pintello, D. ve Mathews, D. (2005). Job satisfaction and burnout: Predictors of intentions to leave a job in a military setting. Administration in Social Work, 25(3), 1–16.
  • Ho, H.C., Leono, D., Suhartono, I. S. ve Reynaldo, M. (2015, Mart). Pursuing the quality of driving through an understanding of job security, job satisfaction, and perceived safety as antecedents of motorcycling behavior in Jakarta, Indonesia. Proceedings of the 2015 International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management, Dubai, United Arab Emirates (UAE).
  • Ho, H. C. ve Widaningrum, D. L. (2016, Mart). Car drivers with higher perceived safety tend to drive their vehicles with higher risk, a unique phenomenon on the roads in Jakarta, Indonesia. Proceedings of the 2016 International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
  • Hofmann, D. A. ve Stetzer, A. (1996). A cross‐level investigation of factors influencing unsafe behaviors and accidents. Personnel Psychology, 49(2), 307–339.
  • Hämmig, O. (2017). Health and well-being at work: The key role of supervisor support. SSM-Population Health, 3, 393–402.
  • Israel, B. A., Baker, E. A., Goldenhar, L. M. ve Heaney, C. A. (1996). Occupational stress, safety, and health: conceptual framework and principles for effective prevention interventions. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 1(3), 261.
  • Jallais, C., Gabaude, L. ve Paire-Ficout, L. (2014). When emotions disturb the localization of road elements: Effect of anger and sadness. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 23, 125–132.
  • Judge, T. A., Thoresen, C. J., Bono, J. E. ve Patton, G. K. (2001). The job satisfaction–job performance relationship: A qualitative and quantitative review. Psychological Bulletin, 127(3), 376–407.
  • Kim, H. ve Kao, D. (2014). A meta-analysis of turnover intention predictors among US child welfare workers. Children and Youth Services Review, 47, 214–223.
  • Klopfenstein, K. (2005). Beyond test scores: The impact of black teacher role models on rigorous math taking. Contemporary Economic Policy, 23(3), 416–428.
  • Kontogiannis, T. (2006). Patterns of driver stress and coping strategies in a Greek sample and their relationship to aberrant behaviors and traffic accidents. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 38(5), 913–924.
  • Kotzé, M. ve Steyn, L. (2013). The role of psychological factors in workplace safety. Ergonomics, 56(12), 1928–1939.
  • Lee, R. T. ve Ashforth, B. E. (1996). A meta-analytic examination of the correlates of the three dimensions of job burnout. Journal of Applied Psychology, 81, 123–133.
  • Leka, S., Griffiths, A. ve Cox, T. (2013). Protecting workers’ health series No. 3: Work organization and stress [Broşür]. Geneva: World Health Organization.
  • Lewin, I. (1982). Driver training: a perceptual-motor skill approach. Ergonomics, 25(10), 917– 924.
  • Li, L., Ai, H., Gao, L., Zhou, H., Liu, X., Zhang, Z., ... ve Fan, L. (2017). Moderating effects of coping on work stress and job performance for nurses in tertiary hospitals: a cross-sectional survey in China. BMC Health Services Research, 17(1), 401.
  • Maslach, C., Schaufeli, W. B. ve Leiter, M. P. (2001). Job burnout. Annual Review of Psychology, 52(1), 397–422.
  • Mohamed, D. ve Lotfi, B. (2016). Dimensions of aberrant driving behaviours in Tunisia: identifying the relation between Driver Behaviour Questionnaire results and accident data. International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion, 23(4), 337–345.
  • Nahrgang, J. D., Morgeson, F. P. ve Hofmann, D. A. (2011). Safety at work: A meta-analytic investigation of the link between job demands, job resources, burnout, engagement, and safety outcomes. Journal of Applied Psychology, 96(1), 71–94.
  • Näätänen, P., Aro, A., Matthiesen, S. B. ve Salmela-Aro, K. (2003). Bergen Burnout Indicator 15. Helsinki: Edita Publishing Oy.
  • Öz, B., Özkan, T. ve Lajunen, T. (2010). Professional and non-professional drivers' stress reactions and risky driving. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 13(1), 32–40.
  • Parker, D., McDonald, L., Rabbitt, P. ve Sutcliffe, P. (2000). Elderly drivers and their accidents: the Aging Driver Questionnaire. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 32(6), 751–759.
  • Parker, D., Reason, J. T., Manstead, A. S. ve Stradling, S. G. (1995). Driving errors, driving violations and accident involvement. Ergonomics, 38(5), 1036–1048.
  • Płatek, A. E., Szymański, F. M., Filipiak, K. J., Ozierański, K., Kotkowski, M., … Opolski, G. (2016). Prevalence of depressive disorders in professional drivers – epidemiologic subanalysis of the RACER study. Psychiatria Polska, 50(4), 859–871.
  • Preacher, K. J. ve Hayes, A. F. (2008). Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models. Behavior Research Methods, 40, 879–891.
  • Probst, T. M. ve Brubaker, T. L. (2001). The effects of job insecurity on employee safety outcomes: cross-sectional and longitudinal explorations. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 6(2), 139.
  • Reason, J., Manstead, A., Stradling, S., Baxter, J. ve Campbell, K. (1990). Errors and violations on the roads: A real distinction?. Ergonomics, 33, 1315–1332.
  • Rowden, P., Matthews, G., Watson, B. ve Biggs, H. (2011). The relative impact of work-related stress, life stress and driving environment stress on driving outcomes. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 43(4), 1332–1340.
  • Scott-Parker, B. (2017). Nonverbal communication during the learner lesson with a professional driving instructor: A novel investigation. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 47, 1–12.
  • Siu, O. L., Phillips, D. R. ve Leung, T. W. (2004). Safety climate and safety performance among construction workers in Hong Kong: The role of psychological strains as mediators. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 36(3), 359–366.
  • Spector, P. E. (1997). Job satisfaction: Application, assessment, causes, and consequences. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Sümer, N. ve Özkan, T. (2002). The role of driver behaviour, skills, and personality traits in traffic accidents. Turkish Journal of Psychology, 17(50), 1–22.
  • Taris, T. W. (2006). Is there a relationship between burnout and objective performance? A critical review of 16 studies. Work and Stress, 20(4), 316–334.
  • Taris, T. W. ve Schreurs, P. J. (2009). Well-being and organizational performance: An organizational-level test of the happy-productive worker hypothesis. Work and Stress, 23(2), 120–136.
  • Taris, T. W. ve Schaufeli, W. B. (2015). Individual well-being and performance at work. M. van Veldhoven ve R. Peccei (Ed.), Well-being and performance at work: The role of context içinde (s.15–34). New York, NY: Psychology Press.
  • Urbańska, K., Żelazko, A., Domagalska, J. ve Nowak, P. (2016). Comparison of exposure to stress and analysis of ways of coping with stress among freight transport and public transport drivers [Özet]. Medycyna pracy, 67(4), 455–466.
  • Useche, S. A., Ortiz, V. G. ve Cendales, B. E. (2017). Stress-related psychosocial factors at work, fatigue, and risky driving behavior in bus rapid transport (BRT) drivers. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 104, 106–114.
  • van der Linden, D., Keijsers, G. P. J., Eling, P. ve van Schaijk, R. (2005). Work stress and attentional difficulties: An initial study on burnout and cognitive failures. Work and Stress, 19(1), 23–36.
  • World Health Organization (2007). Youth and Road Safety. Geneva: World Health Organization.
  • World Health Organization (2015). Global status report on road safety 2015. Geneva: World Health Organization.
Toplam 56 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Psikoloji
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Gaye Solmazer

Bahar Öz

Timo Lajunen Bu kişi benim

Türker Özkan

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Nisan 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2018 Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Solmazer, G., Öz, B., Lajunen, T., Özkan, T. (2018). Sürücü Eğitmenlerinin İş Doyumu, İş Stresi, Tükenmişliği ve Kazaları: Sürücü Davranışlarının Aracı Rolü. Trafik Ve Ulaşım Araştırmaları Dergisi, 1(1), 36-53.